Walter of Lorraine
Walter of Lorraine (or Walter of Lotharingia; died 1079) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford.
Walter | |
|---|---|
| Bishop of Hereford | |
| Appointed | December 1060 |
| Term ended | 1079 |
| Predecessor | Ealdred |
| Successor | Robert the Lotharingian |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 15 April 1061 by Pope Nicholas II |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 1079 |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic Church |
Life
Walter was a native of Lorraine,[1][2] although some sources state he was a Norman.[3] He was chaplain to Edith of Wessex, wife of Edward the Confessor sometime before his appointment as bishop.[4] He was appointed to the see of Hereford about Christmas 1060.[1] His appointment was because Aldred, the Bishop of Worcester, who had been supervising the see of Hereford after the death of Leofgar in 1056, was appointed Archbishop of York and this opened the way for an appointment to Hereford.[2]
Walter was consecrated on 15 April 1061[5] by Pope Nicholas II at Rome.[1] He, along with Giso, who was elected to the see of Wells, and Tostig Godwinson,[6] went to Rome for consecration because Stigand, the Archbishop of Canterbury, was excommunicated and could not consecrate bishops.[7] They were unable to have the Archbishop of York consecrate them, because Ealdred, who was the appointee to York, had not yet received his pallium, the symbol of the authority of an archbishop, and was in fact traveling to Rome with Giso and Walter to receive it.[7][8] Walter seems to have been little involved in public affairs after his appointment as bishop.[2]
After the Norman Conquest of England, Walter swore loyalty to William the Conqueror at Berkhamsted after the Battle of Hastings.[1] He attended the church councils held at Windsor in 1072 and at London in 1075. But otherwise, his diocesan business is unclear, as no charters of his survive.[2]
The Vita Edwardi, the saint's life of King Edward the Confessor of England, said of Walter that he was "most suitably and excellently trained in office".[9]
Walter died in 1079.[5] The medieval chronicler William of Malmesbury records that he was stabbed to death while attempting to rape a seamstress, but William reports this as rumor, so it is unclear if that was actually how he died. No tomb survives, and his burial place is unknown.[2]
Citations
- Barrow Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 8: Hereford: Bishops
- Barrow "Walter" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- Huscroft Ruling England p. 124
- Mason House of Godwine pp. 94–95
- Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 250
- Smith, et al. "Court and Piety" Catholic Historical Review p. 574
- Barlow Godwins p. 89
- Brooks Early History p. 306
- Quoted in Huscroft Ruling England pp. 48–49
References
- Barlow, Frank (2003). The Godwins: The Rise and Fall of a Noble Dynasty. London: Pearson/Longman. ISBN 0-582-78440-9.
- Barrow, J. S. (2002). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 8: Hereford: Bishops. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 26 October 2007.
- Barrow, Julia (2004). "Walter (d. 1079?)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28629. Retrieved 28 June 2008. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- Brooks, Nicholas (1984). The Early History of the Church of Canterbury: Christ Church from 597 to 1066. London: Leicester University Press. ISBN 0-7185-0041-5.
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
- Huscroft, Richard (2005). Ruling England 1042–1217. London: Pearson/Longman. ISBN 0-582-84882-2.
- Mason, Emma (2004). House of Godwine: The History of Dynasty. London: Hambledon & London. ISBN 1-85285-389-1.
- Smith, Mary Frances; Fleming, Robin; Halpin, Patricia (2001). "Court and Piety in Late Anglo-Saxon England". The Catholic Historical Review. 87 (4): 569–602. doi:10.1353/cat.2001.0189. JSTOR 25026026.