Washint

Washint (Amharic: ዋሽንት) is an end-blown wooden flute originally used in Ethiopia. Traditionally, Amharic musicians would pass on their oral history through song accompanied by the washint as well as the krar, a six stringed lyre, and the masenqo, a one string fiddle.[1]

Washint
Woodwind instrument
Classification aerophone
Hornbostel–Sachs classification421.111.12
(end blown flute)
Playing range
unknown, usually players take 20 to 30 washints with them for performing

Occurrence

Along with the Krar and the Masenqo, the Washint flute is one of the most widespread and ubiquitous musical instruments of the Amharas.[2]

The washint is a favorite among the shepherds and cowherders.[3]

Construction and design

The washint can be constructed using bamboo, wood or other cane, and increasingly flutes of metal and plastic tubes can be seen.[2] Varieties exists in different lengths and relative fingerhole placement, and a performer might use several different flutes over the course of a performance to accommodate different song types.[4] It generally has four finger-holes, which allows the player to create a pentatonic scale.[5]

See also
  • Ney, a flute of similar construction found in Middle Eastern Music
  • Ney (Turkish), a Turkish flute of similar construction
  • Kaval, a similar wind instrument found in Azerbaijan, Turkey, Macedonia and Bulgaria
  • Music of Ethiopia - historical overview of music tradition of Ethiopia
  • Krar, five or six-stranded bowl-shaped lyre used in Ethiopia and Eritrea
  • Masenqo, single-stranded bowed lute in Ethiopian-Eritrean tradition.

References
  1. Nidel, Richard (2005). World Music: The Basics. Routlidge Taylor & Francis Group, NY.
  2. Timkehet Teffera Mekonnen (2020). "Shungul, Sorror, Washing, Woissa, Zumbara". www.academia.edu.
  3. May, Elizabeth (1983). Musics of many cultures : an introduction. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 239. OCLC 10960729.
  4. Kimberlin, Cynthia Tse (1974). "Ethiopian and Tribal Music". Ethnomusicology. 18 (1): 178. doi:10.2307/850080. JSTOR 850080.
  5. Sárosi, B. (1967). "The Music of Ethiopian Peoples". Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 9 (1/2): 14. doi:10.2307/901579. JSTOR 901579.

Audio examples and pictures


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