Xiphorhynchus

Xiphorhynchus is a genus of birds in the woodcreeper subfamily (Dendrocolaptinae) that are found in Middle and South America.

Xiphorhynchus
Ivory-billed woodcreeper (Xiphorhynchus flavigaster)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Furnariidae
Subfamily: Dendrocolaptinae
Genus: Xiphorhynchus
Swainson, 1827
Type species
Xiphorhynchus flavigaster
Swainson, 1827
Species

see text

Synonyms
  • Talapius Rafinesque, 1815
  • Picolaptes René-Primevère Lesson, 1832
  • Dendrornis Eyton, 1852
  • Thripobrotus Cabanis, 1847
  • Xiphorynchus
  • Xyphorhynchus
  • Ziphorhynchus
  • Ziphorynchus

Taxonomy

The genus Xiphorhynchus was introduced in 1827 by the English naturalist William John Swainson.[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek xiphos meaning "sword" with rhunkhos meaning "bill".[2] Swainson did not specify the type species but this was subsequently designated as the ivory-billed woodcreeper.[3]

The genus contains the following 13 species:[4]

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Striped woodcreeperXiphorhynchus obsoletusBolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Lesser woodcreeperXiphorhynchus fuscuseastern Brazil.
Ceara woodcreeperXiphorhynchus atlanticusnortheastern Brazil.
Chestnut-rumped woodcreeperXiphorhynchus pardalotusBrazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Ocellated woodcreeperXiphorhynchus ocellatusBolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
Elegant woodcreeperXiphorhynchus eleganswestern and southern Amazon in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Spix's woodcreeperXiphorhynchus spixiieastern Amazon of Brazil.
Buff-throated woodcreeperXiphorhynchus guttatustropical South America in the Guiana
Cocoa woodcreeperXiphorhynchus susurranstropical Central and South America in Trinidad, Tobago, northern Colombia and northern Venezuela.
Ivory-billed woodcreeperXiphorhynchus flavigasterBelize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.
Black-striped woodcreeperXiphorhynchus lachrymosusColombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama.
Spotted woodcreeperXiphorhynchus erythropygiusBelize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama.
Olive-backed woodcreeperXiphorhynchus triangularisBolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

The straight-billed woodcreeper and Zimmer's woodcreeper are now separated in Dendroplex.

References
  1. Swainson, William John (1827). "A synopsis of the birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, F.L.S. and Mr. William Bullock jun". Philosophical Magazine. New Series. 1: 364–369, 433–442 [440].
  2. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 411. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  3. Peters, James Lee, ed. (1951). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 36.
  4. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Ovenbirds, woodcreepers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 6 March 2023.


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