Yucuna language

Yucuna (Jukuna), also known as Matapi, Yucuna-Matapi, and Yukunais,[1] is an Arawakan language spoken in several communities along the Mirití-Paraná River in Colombia.[2] Extinct Guarú (Garú) was either a dialect or a closely related language. Yucuna is a polysynthetic language, and it uses SVO word order.[3]

Yucuna
Jukuna
Native toColombia
Native speakers
1,800 (2001)[1]
Arawakan
Language codes
ISO 639-3ycn
qqj (Guarú)
Glottologyucu1253  Yucuna
guar1294  Guaru
ELPYucuna

Phonology

The Yucuna phoneme inventory consists of 16 consonants and 5 vowels.[4]

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e o
Open a

Consonants

Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ⟨ñ⟩ (ŋ)
Stop unaspirated p t t͡ʃ ⟨ch⟩ k ⟨c/qu⟩ ʔ ⟨'⟩
aspirated pʰ ⟨ph⟩ tʰ ⟨th⟩
Fricative s h ⟨j⟩
Approximant w ⟨hu⟩ l j ⟨y⟩
Tap ɾ ⟨r⟩

/ŋ/ occurs as an allophone of /n/ before /k/. /k/ can be written ⟨qu⟩ before front vowels, and ⟨c⟩ otherwise.

Notes and references

Notes

  1. Yucuna at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Lemus Serrano 2020, p. 1.
  3. "Yucuna Language and the Yucuna Indian Tribe (Yukuna, Jucuna, Matapi)". www.native-languages.org. Retrieved 2023-05-07.
  4. Schauer, Stanley; Shauer, Junia (1967). Yucuna Phonemics. The Long Now Foundation. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Bibliography


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