Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis

Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis, also known as Bannwarth syndrome, is a neurological disease characterized as intense nerve pain radiating from the spine.[1] The disease is caused by an infection of Borrelia burgdorferi, a tick-borne spirochete bacterium also responsible for causing Lyme disease.

Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis
Other namesBannwarth Syndrome

Signs and symptoms

Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis is characterized by an intense spinal pain in the lumbar and cervical regions, radiating to the extremities. Symptoms may include facial paralysis, abducens palsy, anorexia, tiredness, headache, double vision, paraesthesia, and erythema migrans.[2]

Treatment

Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis is treated with antibiotics. Oral doxycycline or IV ceftriaxone are typically recommended for 14-21 days.[3][4][5]

History

The disease was first reported in 1941 by German neurologist, Alfred Bannwarth, who described the main symptoms as intense radicular pain, facial palsy, severe headaches, and vomiting.[6] A common feature he observed in his infected patients was an abnormal increase of lymphocytes in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

See also

References
  1. Hindfelt, B.; Jeppsson, P. G.; Nilsson, B.; Olsson, J. E.; Ryberg, B.; Sörnäs, R. (1982-10-01). "Clinical and cerebrospinal fluid findings in lymphocytic meningo-radiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome)". Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 66 (4): 444–453. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb06866.x. ISSN 0001-6314. PMID 7148387. S2CID 29270560.
  2. Ryberg, B. (1984-01-01). "Bannwarth's syndrome (lymphocytic meningoradiculitis) in Sweden". The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 57 (4): 499–503. ISSN 0044-0086. PMC 2590032. PMID 6516452.
  3. Mygland, A. "EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of European Lyme neuroborreliosis".
  4. Rauer, Sebastian; et al. (27 February 2020). "Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in neurology – Lyme neuroborreliosis". GMS German Medical Science. doi:10.3205/000279.
  5. Lantos, Paul M; et al. (23 January 2021). "Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), American Academy of Neurology (AAN), and American College of Rheumatology (ACR): 2020 Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Lyme Disease". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 72 (1): e1–e48. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1215.
  6. Weber, Klaus; Burgdorfer, Willy (2012-12-06). Aspects of Lyme Borreliosis. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783642776144.
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