Fusobacterium
Fusobacterium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacteria belonging to Gracilicutes. Individual cells are slender, rod-shaped bacilli with pointed ends.[2][3] Strains of Fusobacterium cause several human diseases, including periodontal diseases, Lemierre's syndrome, and topical skin ulcers.
| Fusobacterium | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Fusobacterium novum in liquid culture | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Fusobacteriota |
| Class: | Fusobacteriia |
| Order: | Fusobacteriales |
| Family: | Fusobacteriaceae Staley and Whitman 2012 |
| Genus: | Fusobacterium Knorr 1922 |
| Type species | |
| Fusobacterium nucleatum Knorr 1922 | |
| Species[1] | |
| |
Although older sources state that Fusobacterium is part of the normal flora of the human oropharynx, the current consensus is that Fusobacterium should always be treated as a pathogen.[4] F. prausnitzii, a gut commensal associated with healthy patients, was completely reclassified as Faecalibacterium (Clostridiales:Ruminococcaceae) in 2002.
Clinical relevance
Fusobacterium is often associated with ulcerative colitis. Research of colon cancer has also shown an overrepresentation of Fusobacterium, both in feces of patients[5] and tumor issue itself[6]. Whether Fusobacterium causes these diseases or only colonizes existing tumours, remains undetermined.[6]
The bacterium is a big anchor for biofilms.[7][8] It is usually susceptible to clindamycin,[9] while approximately 20% of the clinical strains are resistant to penicillin.[10] In contrast to Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium has a potent lipopolysaccharide.
Phylogeny
| 16S rRNA based LTP_12_2021[11][12][13] | GTDB 07-RS207 by Genome Taxonomy Database[14][15][16] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- Parte, A.C. "Fusobacterium". LPSN.
- Madigan M; Martinko J, eds. (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-144329-7.
- Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 22nd Edition, ISBN 9780803629790, (2009)n p.983
- Aliyu SH, Marriott RK, Curran MD, et al. (October 2004). "Real-time PCR investigation into the importance of Fusobacterium necrophorum as a cause of acute pharyngitis in general practice". J Med Microbiol. 53 (Pt 10): 1029–35. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.45648-0. PMID 15358827.
- Ahn, J.; Sinha, R.; Pei, Z.; Dominianni, C.; Wu, J.; Shi, J.; Goedert, J. J.; Hayes, R. B.; Yang, L. (18 December 2013). "Human Gut Microbiome and Risk for Colorectal Cancer". J Natl Cancer Inst. 105 (24): 1907–1911. doi:10.1093/jnci/djt300. PMC 3866154. PMID 24316595.
- Alice Park (18 October 2011). "A Surprising Link Between Bacteria and Colon Cancer". Time.com. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- Saito, Y.; Fujii, R.; Nakagawa, K.-I.; Kuramitsu, H. K.; Okuda, K.; Ishihara, K. (February 2008). "Stimulation of Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilm formation by Porphyromonas gingivalis". Oral Microbiology and Immunology. 23 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1111/j.1399-302X.2007.00380.x. hdl:10130/821. PMID 18173791.
- Okuda, Tamaki; Kokubu, Eitoyo; Kawana, Tomoko; Saito, Atsushi; Okuda, Katsuji; Ishihara, Kazuyuki (Feb 2012). "Synergy in biofilm formation between Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella species" (PDF). Anaerobe. 18 (1): 110–116. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.09.003. hdl:10130/3922. ISSN 1095-8274. PMID 21945879.
- "Clindamycin" (PDF). Davis. 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 14, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
- Di Bella, Stefano; Antonello, Roberta Maria; Sanson, Gianfranco; Maraolo, Alberto Enrico; Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto; Sepulcri, Chiara; Ambretti, Simone; Aschbacher, Richard; Bartolini, Laura; Bernardo, Mariano; Bielli, Alessandra (June 2022). "Anaerobic bloodstream infections in Italy (ITANAEROBY): A 5-year retrospective nationwide survey". Anaerobe. 75: 102583. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102583.
- "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- "LTP_12_2021 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- "ar53_r207.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
External links
- Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli chapter in Baron's Medical Microbiology (online at the NCBI bookshelf).
- Fusobacterium From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource