Helicobacter suis

Helicobacter suis (H. suis) is a species within the Helicobacter genus of Gram-negative bacteria.[1] Helicobacter pylori is by far the best known Helicobacter species, primarily because humans infected with it may develop gastrointestinal tract diseases such as stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers of the nonlymphoma type, and various subtypes of extranodal marginal zone lymphomass, e.g. those of the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, and rectumn. H. pylori is also associated with the development of bile duct cancer and has been associated with a wide range of other diseases although its role in the development of many of these other diseases requires further study.[2] Humans infected with H. suis may develop some of the same gastrointestinal diseases - stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers,[3] duodenal ulcers,[4] stomach cancers that are not lymphomas, and extranodal marginal B cell lymphomas of the stomach.[3] Other non-H. pylori Helicobacter species that are known to be associated with these gastrointestinal diseases are Helicobacter bizzozeronii, Helicobacter salomonis, Helicobacter felis, and Helicobacter heilmannii s.s. Because of their disease associations, these four Helicobacter species plus H. suis are often group together and termed Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato.

Helicobacter suis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Campylobacterota
Class:	"Campylobacteria"
Order:	Campylobacterales
Family:	Helicobacteraceae
Genus:	Helicobacter
Species:	H. suis
Binomial name
Helicobacter suis Paster et al., 1991

H. suis bacteria are detected in the stomachs of their natural hosts - pigs and nonhuman primates. Reports suggest that individuals, including children,[4] are infected with this bacterium by having close contact with infected pigs (or possibly other, unidentified infected animals) or by eating raw pork taken from infected pigs (H. suis remains viable for up to 48 hours in fresh raw pork):[3] H. heilmanni s.l.-associated diseases, including those associated with H. suis, appear to be zoonotic diseases, i.e., infectious diseases that are caused by pathogen that spread from animals to humans.[3] It is important to diagnose H. felis as well as other Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato infections in patients with the cited upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, including in particular extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the stomach, because some of them have been successfully treated and cured using antibiotic-based drug regimens (e.g.amoxicillin, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor[5] or metronidazole, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor[3]) directed against the instigating bacterium.[3]