Mycolicibacillus

Mycolicibacillus is a genus of Gram-Positive rod-shaped bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae from the order Mycobacteriales.[1]

Mycolicibacillus
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Actinomycetota
Class: Actinomycetia
Order: Mycobacteriales
Family: Mycobacteriaceae
Genus: Mycolicibacillus
Gupta et al. 2018[1]
Type species
Mycolicibacillus trivialis
(Kubica et al. 1970) Gupta et al. 2018
Species[2]

Members of Mycolicibacillus were demarcated from the larger genus Mycobacterium in 2018 by Gupta et al. based on evidence from various phylogenetic trees constructed based on conserved genome sequences, comparative genomic analyses and average amino acid identity values.[1] In addition to this genus, the study proposed the division of Mycobacterium into a total of five distinct genera, which was met with some resistance by some of the scientific community. The resistance was based on the grounds that Mycobacterium contains some clinically relevant species and name changes might cause confusion among clinicians and other researchers.[3]

In 2020, Yamada et al. analyzed the fundamental morphological properties of the new genera, including the cell diameter, cell length, cell perimeter, cell circularity and aspect ratio, and determined that there were significant differences between the five genera, thus supporting the new division.[4]

The name Mycolicibacillus is derived from the Latin noun acidum mycolicum (translates to mycolic acid) and the Latin noun bacillus (translates to small staff or rod). Together the name refers to a genus of mycolic acid-containing, rod-shaped bacteria.[1]

Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures[1]

While majority of the genus are slow growing bacteria species (taking more than seven days to form colonies), some do display intermediate growth rates (taking 5–15 days to form colonies). All species are nonchromogenic. Species are not thought to be pathogenic, although some have been isolated form human patients with pulmonary dysfunction. The genome size for the members of Mycolicibacillus ranges from 3.89–4.08 Mbp and their G+C content is 69.4 mol%. 22 unique conserved signature proteins (CSPs) were identified for this genus.

Phylogeny

The phylogeny of Mycolicibacillus is based on 16S rRNA analysis.[1]

 
Mycolicibacillus
 
 

Mycolicibacillus koreensis

 
 

Mycolicibacillus parakoreensis

 
 
 

Mycolicibacillus trivialis

 
 
 

Mycolicibacter (outgroup)

 
 


References
  1. Gupta, Radhey S.; Lo, Brian; Son, Jeen (2018-02-13). "Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomic Studies Robustly Support Division of the Genus Mycobacterium into an Emended Genus Mycobacterium and Four Novel Genera". Frontiers in Microbiology. 9: 67. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00067. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 5819568. PMID 29497402.
  2. Euzéby JP, Parte AC. "Mycolicibacillus". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved June 25, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. Tortoli, Enrico; Brown-Elliott, Barbara A.; Chalmers, James D.; Cirillo, Daniela M.; Daley, Charles L.; Emler, Stefan; Floto, R. Andres; Garcia, Maria J.; Hoefsloot, Wouter; Koh, Won-Jung; Lange, Christoph (2019-07-01). "Same meat, different gravy: Ignore the new names of mycobacteria". European Respiratory Journal. 54 (1). doi:10.1183/13993003.00795-2019. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID 31296783. S2CID 195893005.
  4. Yamada, Hiroyuki; Chikamatsu, Kinuyo; Aono, Akio; Murata, Kazuyoshi; Miyazaki, Naoyuki; Kayama, Yoko; Bhatt, Apoorva; Fujiwara, Nagatoshi; Maeda, Shinji; Mitarai, Satoshi (2020). "Fundamental Cell Morphologies Examined With Cryo-TEM of the Species in the Novel Five Genera Robustly Correlate With New Classification in Family Mycobacteriaceae". Frontiers in Microbiology. 11: 562395. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.562395. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 7701246. PMID 33304323.
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