Pituitary disease

A pituitary disease is a disorder primarily affecting the pituitary gland.[1]

Pituitary disease
Pituitary
SpecialtyEndocrinology 

Table

The main disorders involving the pituitary gland are:

ConditionDirectionHormone
Acromegalyoverproductiongrowth hormone
Cushing's diseaseoverproductionadrenocorticotropic hormone
Growth hormone deficiencyunderproductiongrowth hormone
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormoneoverproductionvasopressin
Diabetes insipidus
(can also be nephrogenic)
underproductionvasopressin
Sheehan syndromeunderproductionany pituitary hormone
Pickardt-Fahlbusch Syndromeunderproductionany pituitary hormone, except prolactin, which is increased
Hyperpituitarism (most commonly pituitary adenoma)overproductionany pituitary hormone
Hypopituitarismunderproductionany pituitary hormone

Overproduction or underproduction of a pituitary hormone will affect the respective end-organ. For example, insufficient production (hyposecretion) of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the pituitary gland will cause hypothyroidism, while overproduction (hypersecretion) of TSH will cause hyperthyroidism. Thyroidisms caused by the pituitary gland are less common though, accounting for less than 10% of all hypothyroidism cases and much less than 1% of hyperthyroidism cases.[2][3]

See also

References

  1. "Overview of the Pituitary Gland: Pituitary Gland Disorders: Merck Manual Home Health Handbook". Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  2. Page 358 in: Aminoff, Michael J. (2007). Neurology and General Medicine: Expert Consult: Online and Print. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06707-5.
  3. Thyrotropin (TSH)-secreting pituitary adenomas. By Roy E Weiss and Samuel Refetoff. Last literature review version 19.1: January 2011. This topic last updated: July 2, 2009
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