Tannosome

Tannosomes are organelles found in plant cells of vascular plants.

Formation and functions

Tannosomes are formed when the chloroplast membrane forms pockets filled with tannin. Slowly, the pockets break off as tiny vacuoles that carry tannins to the large vacuole filled with acidic fluid.[1] Tannins are then released into the vacuole and stored inside as tannin accretions.

They are responsible for synthesizing and producing condensed tannins and polyphenols. Tannosomes condense tannins in chlorophyllous organs, providing defenses against herbivores and pathogens, and protection against UV radiation.[2]

Discovery

Tannosomes were discovered in September 2013 by French and Hungarian researchers.[2][3]

The discovery of tannosomes showed how to get enough tannins to change the flavour of wine, tea, chocolate, and other food or snacks.[1]

See also
  • Chloroplast
  • Leucoplast
  • Plastid

References
  1. Milius S (2013-10-30). "Tannosome". Science News. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
  2. Grens K (2013-09-23). "New Organelle: The Tannosome". The Scientist Magazine®. Retrieved 2014-08-22.
  3. Brillouet JM, Romieu C, Schoefs B, Solymosi K, Cheynier V, Fulcrand H, Verdeil JL, Conéjéro G (October 2013). "The tannosome is an organelle forming condensed tannins in the chlorophyllous organs of Tracheophyta". Annals of Botany. 112 (6): 1003–1014. doi:10.1093/aob/mct168. PMC 3783233. PMID 24026439.
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