Thyrocervical trunk

The thyrocervical trunk is an artery of the neck. It is a branch of the subclavian artery. It arises from the first portion of this vessel, between the origin of the subclavian artery and the inner border of the scalenus anterior muscle. It is located distally to the vertebral artery and proximally to the costocervical trunk. It gives off a number of branches to the neck. It helps to supply blood to the muscles of the neck.

Thyrocervical trunk
Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
Details
SourceSubclavian artery
BranchesInferior thyroid artery
Suprascapular artery
Transverse cervical artery
Ascending cervical artery
Identifiers
LatinTruncus thyrocervicalis
TA98A12.2.08.042
TA24590
FMA3990
Anatomical terminology

Structure

The thyrocervical trunk is a branch of the subclavian artery.[1][2] It arises from the first portion of this vessel, between the origin of the subclavian artery and the inner border of the scalenus anterior muscle. It is located distally to the vertebral artery and proximally to the costocervical trunk. It is short and thick.

Branches

The thyrocervical trunk divides soon after its origin into a number of branches.

The suprascapular artery and transverse cervical artery both head laterally and cross in front of (anterior to) the scalenus anterior muscle and the phrenic nerve. The inferior thyroid artery runs superiorly from the thyrocervical trunk to the inferior portion of the thyroid gland. There is significant variation in the origin of these vessels.[4]

These branches explain the alternative name for this blood vessel: the "truncus thyrobicervicoscapularis".

Function

The thyrocervical trunk helps to supply blood to the muscles of the neck.[4]

Additional images
  • The internal mammary artery and its branches.

References
  1. Alexander, Matthew D.; Hutcheson, David; Lawton, Michael (2021). "1 - Neurovascular arterial anatomy: Brain, head, and neck". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 176. Elsevier. pp. 1–21. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64034-5.00011-0. ISBN 978-0-444-64034-5. ISSN 0072-9752.
  2. Kaplan, Edwin L.; Angelos, Peter; James, Benjamin C.; Nagar, Sapna; Grogan, Raymon H. (2016). "96 - Surgery of the Thyroid". Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric (7th ed.). Saunders. pp. 1666–1692. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-18907-1.00096-2. ISBN 978-0-323-18907-1.
  3. Hendrix, Philipp; Griessenauer, Christoph J.; Foreman, Paul; Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Tubbs, R. Shane (2015). "30 - Blood Supply of the Cranial Nerves". Nerves and Nerve Injuries. Vol. 1: History, Embryology, Anatomy, Imaging, and Diagnostics. Academic Press. pp. 427–438. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-410390-0.00031-7. ISBN 978-0-12-410390-0.
  4. Haas, Franz; Weiglein, Andreas (2009). "21 - Trapezius flap". Flaps and Reconstructive Surgery - Section Two. Saunders. pp. 249–269. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-0519-7.00021-6. ISBN 978-0-7216-0519-7.
  5. Neligan, Peter C.; Novak, Christine B. (2009). "4 - Head and neck". Flaps and Reconstructive Surgery - Section One. Saunders. pp. 31–37. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-0519-7.00004-6. ISBN 978-0-7216-0519-7.
  6. Essentials of human anatomy Head and neck A.K. Dutta 5th Edition p94
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