July 14

July 14 is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 170 days remain until the end of the year.

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July 14 in recent years
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Events

Pre-1600

  • 982 King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.[1]
  • 1223 Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.[2]
  • 1420 Battle of Vítkov Hill, decisive victory of Czech Hussite forces commanded by Jan Žižka against Crusade army led by Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor.[3]
  • 1430 Joan of Arc, taken by the Burgundians in May, is handed over to Pierre Cauchon, the bishop of Beauvais.[4]
  • 1596 Anglo-Spanish War: English and Dutch troops sack the Spanish city of Cádiz before leaving the next day.[5]

1601–1900

  • 1769 An expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá leaves its base in California and sets out to find the Port of Monterey (now Monterey, California).[6]
  • 1771 Foundation of the Mission San Antonio de Padua in modern California by the Franciscan friar Junípero Serra.[7]
  • 1789 Storming of the Bastille in Paris. This event escalates the widespread discontent into the French Revolution.[8] Bastille Day is still celebrated annually in France.[9]
  • 1790 Inaugural Fête de la Fédération is held to celebrate the unity of the French people and the national reconciliation.[10]
  • 1791 Beginning of Priestley Riots (to 17 July) in Birmingham targeting Joseph Priestley as a supporter of the French Revolution.[11]
  • 1798 The Sedition Act of 1798 becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.[12]
  • 1808 The Finnish War: the Battle of Lapua was fought.[13]
  • 1853 Opening of the first major US world's fair, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City.[14]
  • 1865 The first ascent of the Matterhorn is completed by Edward Whymper and his party, four of whom die on the descent.[15]
  • 1874 The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago's city council.[16]
  • 1881 American outlaw Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in the Maxwell House at Fort Sumner, New Mexico.[17]
  • 1900 Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.[18]

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

  • 926 Murakami, emperor of Japan (d. 967)
  • 1410 Arnold, Duke of Guelders, (d. 1473)
  • 1454 Poliziano, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1494)
  • 1515 Philip I, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1560)

1601–1900

  • 1602 Cardinal Jules Mazarin, Italian-French cardinal and politician, chief minister of France from 5 December 1642 to 9 March 1661 (d. 1661)[43]
  • 1608 George Goring, Lord Goring, English general (d. 1657)
  • 1610 Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1670)
  • 1634 Pasquier Quesnel, French priest and theologian (d. 1719)[44]
  • 1671 Jacques d'Allonville, French astronomer and mathematician (d. 1732)
  • 1675 Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (d. 1747)
  • 1696 William Oldys, English historian and author (d. 1761)[45]
  • 1721 John Douglas, Scottish bishop and scholar (d. 1807)[46]
  • 1743 Gavrila Derzhavin, Russian poet and politician (d. 1816)
  • 1755 Michel de Beaupuy, French general (d. 1796)
  • 1785 Mordecai Manuel Noah, American journalist, playwright, and diplomat (d. 1851)
  • 1801 Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist and anatomist (d. 1858)
  • 1816 Arthur de Gobineau, French writer who founded Gobinism to promote development of racism (d. 1882)[47]
  • 1829 Edward Benson, English archbishop (d. 1896)
  • 1859 Willy Hess, German violinist and educator (d. 1928)
  • 1861 Kate M. Gordon, American activist (d. 1931)
  • 1862 Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (d. 1945)[48]
  • 1862 Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter and illustrator (d. 1918)[49]
  • 1865 Arthur Capper, American journalist and politician, 20th Governor of Kansas (d. 1951)
  • 1866 Juliette Wytsman, Belgian painter (d. 1925)
  • 1868 Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and spy (d. 1926)[50]
  • 1872 Albert Marque, French sculptor and doll maker (d. 1939)
  • 1874 Abbas II of Egypt (d. 1944)
  • 1874 Crawford Vaughan, Australian politician, 27th Premier of South Australia (d. 1947)
  • 1878 Donald Meek, Scottish-American stage and film actor (d. 1946)[51]
  • 1885 Sisavang Vong, Laotian king (d. 1959)
  • 1888 Scipio Slataper, Italian author and critic (d. 1915)
  • 1889 Marco de Gastyne, French painter and illustrator (d. 1982)
  • 1889 Ante Pavelić, Croatian fascist dictator during World War II (d. 1959)
  • 1893 Clarence J. Brown, American publisher and politician, 36th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (d. 1965)
  • 1893 Garimella Satyanarayana, Indian poet and author (d. 1952)
  • 1894 Dave Fleischer, American animator, director, and producer (d. 1979)
  • 1896 Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish soldier and anarchist (d. 1936)
  • 1897 Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Thai military officer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 1964)[52]
  • 1898 Happy Chandler, American lawyer and politician, 49th Governor of Kentucky, second Commissioner of Baseball (d. 1991)

1901–present

  • 1901 Gerald Finzi, English composer and academic (d. 1956)[53]
  • 1903 Irving Stone, American author and educator (d. 1989)[54]
  • 1907 Chico Landi, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1989)
  • 1910 William Hanna, American animator, director, producer, and actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (d. 2001)
  • 1911 Pavel Prudnikau, Belarusian poet and author (d. 2000)
  • 1912 Woody Guthrie, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1967)[55]
  • 1913 Gerald Ford, American commander, lawyer, and politician, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)[56]
  • 1918 Fred Baur, American chemist and founder of Pringles (d. 2008)[57]
  • 1918 Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)[58]
  • 1918 Arthur Laurents, American director, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 2011)
  • 1918 Jay Wright Forrester, American computer engineer and systems scientist (d. 2016)[59]
  • 1920 Shankarrao Chavan, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Finance (d. 2004)
  • 1921 Sixto Durán Ballén, American-Ecuadorian architect and politician, 48th President of Ecuador (d. 2016)
  • 1921 Leon Garfield, English author (d. 1996)
  • 1921 Armand Gaudreault, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
  • 1921 Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
  • 1922 Robin Olds, American general and pilot (d. 2007)
  • 1922 Elfriede Rinkel, German SS officer (d. 2018)
  • 1922 Käbi Laretei, Estonian-Swedish concert pianist (d. 2014)
  • 1923 René Favaloro, Argentine surgeon and cardiologist (d. 2000)[60]
  • 1923 Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013)
  • 1923 Robert Zildjian, American businessman, founded Sabian (d. 2013)
  • 1924 Warren Giese, American football player, coach, and politician (d. 2013)
  • 1925 Bruce L. Douglas, American politician
  • 1926 Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
  • 1926 Harry Dean Stanton, American actor, musician, and singer (d. 2017)
  • 1926 Himayat Ali Shair, Urdu poet (d. 2019)
  • 1927 John Chancellor, American journalist (d. 1996)
  • 1927 Mike Esposito, American author and illustrator (d. 2010)
  • 1928 Nancy Olson, American actress
  • 1928 William Rees-Mogg, English journalist and public servant (d. 2012)[61]
  • 1930 Polly Bergen, American actress and singer (d. 2014)[62]
  • 1930 Benoît Sinzogan, Beninese military officer and politician (d. 2021)
  • 1931 Jacqueline de Ribes, French fashion designer and philanthropist
  • 1932 Rosey Grier, American football player and actor
  • 1932 Del Reeves, American country singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
  • 1933 Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, 22nd Premier of Quebec (d. 1996)
  • 1933 Dumaagiin Sodnom, Mongolian politician; 13th Prime Minister of Mongolia
  • 1936 Robert F. Overmyer, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1996)
  • 1937 Yoshiro Mori, Japanese journalist and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Japan
  • 1938 Jerry Rubin, American activist, author, and businessman (d. 1994)
  • 1938 Tommy Vig, Hungarian vibraphone player, drummer, and composer
  • 1939 Karel Gott, Czech singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2019)
  • 1939 George Edgar Slusser, American scholar and author (d. 2014)
  • 1940 Susan Howatch, English author and academic
  • 1941 Maulana Karenga, American philosopher, author, and activist, created Kwanzaa
  • 1941 Andreas Khol, German-Austrian lawyer and politician
  • 1942 Javier Solana, Spanish physicist and politician, Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs
  • 1946 John Wood, Australian actor and screenwriter
  • 1947 John Blackman, Australian radio and television presenter
  • 1947 Claudia J. Kennedy, American general
  • 1947 Salih Neftçi, Turkish economist and author (d. 2009)
  • 1947 Navin Ramgoolam, Mauritius physician and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Mauritius
  • 1948 Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, Zulu king (d. 2021)
  • 1949 Tommy Mottola, American businessman and music publisher
  • 1950 Bruce Oldfield, English fashion designer
  • 1960 Anna Bligh, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Queensland[63]
  • 1960 Kyle Gass, American musician, comedian, and actor[64]
  • 1960 Angélique Kidjo, Beninese singer-songwriter, activist and actress[65]
  • 1960 Jane Lynch, American actress (Glee), comedian, author, and game show host[66]
  • 1961 Jackie Earle Haley, American actor and director[67]
  • 1966 Matthew Fox, American actor[68]
  • 1967 Robin Ventura, American baseball player[69]
  • 1971 Bubba Ray Dudley, American professional wrestler[70]
  • 1975 Tim Hudson, American baseball player[69]
  • 1977 Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden[71]
  • 1984 Samir Handanović, Slovenian footballer[72]
  • 1985 Darrelle Revis, American football player[73]
  • 1985 Phoebe Waller-Bridge, English actress and screenwriter[74]
  • 1986 Dan Smith, British singer, songwriter and record producer[75]
  • 1988 Conor McGregor, Irish mixed martial artist[76]
  • 1988 Jérémy Stravius, French swimmer; winner of five gold medals in Olympic and world championship competitions[77]

Deaths

Pre-1600

  • 664 Eorcenberht, king of Kent
  • 809 Otomo no Otomaro, Japanese general and Shogun (b. 731)
  • 850 Wei Fu, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
  • 937 Arnulf I, duke of Bavaria
  • 1223 Philip II, king of France (b. 1165)[2]
  • 1262 Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1222)
  • 1486 Margaret of Denmark, daughter of Christian I of Denmark (b. 1456)
  • 1526 John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English peer, landowner, and Lord Great Chamberlain of England (b. 1499)
  • 1575 Richard Taverner, English translator (b. 1505)

1601–1900

  • 1614 Camillus de Lellis, Italian priest and saint (b. 1550)
  • 1723 Claude Fleury, French historian and author (b. 1640)
  • 1742 Richard Bentley, English scholar and theologian (b. 1662)
  • 1774 James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley, Irish field marshal (b. 1682)
  • 1780 Charles Batteux, French philosopher and academic (b. 1713)
  • 1789 Jacques de Flesselles, French politician (b. 1721)
  • 1789 Bernard-René de Launay, French politician (b. 1740)
  • 1790 Ernst Gideon von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (b. 1717)
  • 1809 Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Greek monk and saint (b. 1749)
  • 1816 Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan general (b. 1750)
  • 1817 Germaine de Staël, French philosopher and author (b. 1766)
  • 1827 Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist and engineer, reviver of wave theory of light, inventor of catadioptric lighthouse lens (b. 1788)
  • 1834 Edmond-Charles Genêt, French-American diplomat (b. 1763)
  • 1850 August Neander, German historian and theologian (b. 1789)
  • 1856 Edward Vernon Utterson, English lawyer and historian (b. 1775)
  • 1876 John Buckley, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1813)
  • 1881 William H. Bonney aka Billy the Kid, American gunfighter and outlaw (b. 1859 or 1860)[17]

1901–present

  • 1904 Paul Kruger, South African politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (b. 1824)
  • 1907 William Henry Perkin, English chemist and academic (b. 1838)
  • 1910 Marius Petipa, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1818)
  • 1917 Octave Lapize, French cyclist (b. 1887)[78]
  • 1918 Quentin Roosevelt, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
  • 1936 Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (b. 1890)
  • 1937 Julius Meier, American businessman and politician, 20th Governor of Oregon (b. 1874)
  • 1939 Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (b. 1860)
  • 1954 Jacinto Benavente, Spanish author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)
  • 1965 Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier and politician, 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (b. 1900)
  • 1966 Julie Manet, French painter and art collector (b. 1878)
  • 1967 Tudor Arghezi, Romanian author and poet (b. 1880)
  • 1968 Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian author and poet (b. 1892)
  • 1970 Preston Foster, American actor (b. 1900)
  • 1974 Carl Spaatz, American World War II general; commander of the Strategic Air Forces in Europe (b. 1891)[79]
  • 1980 Carlos López Moctezuma, Mexican actor (b. 1909).[80]
  • 1984 Ernest Tidyman, American author and screenwriter; Academy Award winner for The French Connection (b. 1928)[81]
  • 1986 Raymond Loewy, French-American industrial designer (b. 1893)
  • 1991 Constance Stokes, Australian painter (b. 1906)[82]
  • 1993 Léo Ferré, Monacan singer-songwriter, pianist, and poet (b. 1916)[83]
  • 1998 Richard McDonald, American businessman, co-founded McDonald's (b. 1909)[84]
  • 2000 Pepo, Chilean cartoonist; creator of Condorito (b. 1911)[85]
  • 2005 Cicely Saunders, English hospice founder (b. 1918)[86]
  • 2017 Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician; only woman to win the Fields Medal (2014), the most prestigious award in mathematics (b. 1977)[87]
  • 2022 Ivana Trump, Czech-American socialite and model (b. 1949)[88]

Holidays and observances

John Keble's feast day is 14 July, the anniversary of his Assize Sermon on "National Apostasy" in 1833.

References

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