Alan Bean

Alan LaVern Bean (March 15, 1932 – May 26, 2018) was an American naval officer and aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, NASA astronaut and painter; he was the fourth person to walk on the Moon. He was selected to become an astronaut by NASA in 1963 as part of Astronaut Group 3.

Alan Bean
Born
Alan LaVern Bean

(1932-03-15)March 15, 1932
Wheeler, Texas, U.S.
DiedMay 26, 2018(2018-05-26) (aged 86)
Houston, Texas, U.S.
Resting placeArlington National Cemetery
Alma materUniversity of Texas at Austin (BS, 1955)
Occupation
AwardsNASA Distinguished Service Medal
Space career
NASA Astronaut
Rank Captain,
 United States Navy
Time in space
69d 15h 45min
Selection1963 NASA Group 3
Total EVAs
3
Total EVA time
10 hours 26 minutes[1]
Missions
Mission insignia
RetirementJune 1981

Before becoming an astronaut, Bean graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from University of Texas at Austin in 1955 and re-joined the U.S. Navy—he served as an enlisted member for a year after his high school graduation. He received his naval aviator wings in 1956 and served as a fighter pilot. In 1960, he graduated from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, flew as a test pilot and was The New Nine selection finalist in 1962.

He made his first flight into space aboard Apollo 12, the second crewed mission to land on the Moon, at age 37 in November 1969. He made his second and final flight into space on the Skylab 3 mission in 1973, the second crewed mission to the Skylab space station. After retiring from the United States Navy in 1975 and NASA in 1981, he pursued his interest in painting, depicting various space-related scenes and documenting his own experiences in space as well as those of his fellow Apollo program astronauts. He was the last living crew member of Apollo 12.

Biography

Early life and education

Bean was born March 15, 1932,[2] in Wheeler, the seat of Wheeler County in the northeastern Texas Panhandle, to parents Arnold Horace Bean (1908–1983) and Frances Caroline Bean (née Murphy; 1906–1981).[3][4][5] He considered Fort Worth his hometown.[6] He was of Scottish descent. As a boy, he lived in Minden, the seat of Webster Parish in northwestern Louisiana, where his father worked for the U.S. Soil Conservation Service. Bean was a Boy Scout and he earned the rank of First Class.[7] He graduated from R. L. Paschal High School in Fort Worth, Texas, in 1949.[8][9]

Bean received a Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering from the University of Texas at Austin in 1955, where he also joined the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity.[10]

Military service

Following his high school graduation in 1949, Bean enlisted in the U.S. Naval Reserve. He was an Electronics Technician Striker at the NAS Dallas, Texas, until September 1950, when he was honorably discharged.[9] In January 1955, Bean was commissioned a U.S. Navy ensign through the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC) at The University of Texas at Austin, and attended flight training.[8] After completing flight training in June 1956, he was assigned to Attack Squadron 44 (VA-44) at NAS Jacksonville, Florida, from 1956 to 1960, flying the F9F Cougar and A4D Skyhawk. After a four-year tour of duty,[11] he attended the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School (USNTPS) at NAS Patuxent River, Maryland, where his instructor was his future Apollo 12 Commander, Pete Conrad, graduating in November 1960.[6][9] Bean took art classes at St. Mary's College of Maryland during this tour,[12] and flew as a test pilot on several types of naval aircraft. Following his assignment at USNTPS and aviation safety training with the University of Southern California (USC), he went through additional instruction with his old Attack Squadron 44,[9] and was assigned to Navy Attack Squadron VA-172 at NAS Cecil Field, Florida, flying the A-4 Skyhawks, during which time he was selected as a NASA astronaut.[13]

Bean logged more than 7,145 hours of flying time, including 4,890 hours in jet aircraft.[14]

NASA career

Bean was selected by NASA as part of Astronaut Group 3 in 1963 (after not being selected for Astronaut Group 2 the previous year).[15] He was selected to be the backup command pilot for Gemini 10, but was unsuccessful in securing an early Apollo flight assignment. He was placed in the Apollo Applications Program in the interim. In that capacity, he was the first astronaut to dive in the Neutral Buoyancy Simulator and a champion of the process for astronaut training.[16] When fellow astronaut Clifton Williams was killed in an air crash, a space was opened for Bean on the backup crew for Apollo 9. Apollo 12 Commander Conrad, who had instructed Bean at the Naval Test Pilot School years before, personally requested Bean to replace Williams.[13]

Apollo program
Main article: Apollo 12
Bean during suiting-up for Apollo 12 flight
Bean on the Moon during Apollo 12

Bean was the Apollo Lunar Module pilot on Apollo 12, the second lunar landing. In November 1969, Bean and Pete Conrad landed on the Moon's Ocean of Storms—after a flight of 250,000 miles and a launch that included a harrowing lightning strike. He was the astronaut who executed John Aaron's "Flight, try SCE to 'Aux'" instruction to restore telemetry after the spacecraft was struck by lightning 36 seconds after launch, thus salvaging the mission. They explored the lunar surface, deployed several lunar surface experiments, and installed the first nuclear power generator station on the Moon to provide the power source. Dick Gordon remained in lunar orbit, photographing landing sites for future missions.[14]

Pete Conrad, Dick Gordon, and Alan Bean pose with their Apollo 12 Saturn V Moon rocket in the background on the pad at Cape Canaveral on October 29, 1969

Bean had planned on using a self-timer for his Hasselblad camera to take a photograph of both Pete Conrad and himself while on the lunar surface near the Surveyor III spacecraft. He was hoping to record a good photo, and also to confuse the mission scientists as to how the photo could have been taken. However, neither he nor Conrad could locate the timer in the tool carrier tote bag while at the Surveyor III site, thus lost the opportunity. After finding the self-timer unit at the end of the EVA, when it was too late to use, he threw it as far as he could.[17] His paintings of what this photo would have looked like (titled The Fabulous Photo We Never Took) and one of his fruitless search for the timer (Our Little Secret) are included in his collection of Apollo paintings.[18][19]

Bean's suit is on display in the National Air and Space Museum.[20]

Skylab
Bean shaving during the Skylab 3 mission

Bean was the spacecraft commander of Skylab 3, the second crewed mission to Skylab, from July 29 to September 25, 1973. With him on the mission were scientist-astronaut Owen Garriott and Marine Corps Colonel Jack R. Lousma. Bean and his crew were on Skylab for 59 days, during which time they covered a world-record-setting 24.4 million miles.[14] During the mission, Bean tested a prototype of the Manned Maneuvering Unit and performed one spacewalk outside the Skylab. The crew of Skylab 3 accomplished 150% of its mission goals.[14]

Post-NASA career
Bean, February 2009

On his next assignment, Bean was the backup spacecraft commander of the United States flight crew for the joint American-Russian Apollo-Soyuz Test Project.[14]

Bean retired from the Navy in October 1975 as a captain, and continued as head of the Astronaut Candidate Operations and Training Group within the Astronaut Office in a civilian capacity.[14][21]

Bean logged 1,671 hours and 45 minutes in space, of which 10 hours and 26 minutes were spent in EVAs on the Moon and in Earth orbit.[14]

Painting
Bean in his studio

Bean resigned from NASA in June 1981 to devote his time to painting. He said his decision was based on that, in his 18 years as an astronaut, he was fortunate enough to visit worlds and see sights no artist's eye, past or present, has ever viewed firsthand and he hoped to express these experiences through his art.[8]

As a painter, Bean wanted to add color to the Moon. "I had to figure out a way to add color to the Moon without ruining it," he remarked. In his paintings, the lunar landscape is not a monotonous gray, but shades of various colors. "If I were a scientist painting the Moon, I would paint it gray. I'm an artist, so I can add colors to the Moon", said Bean.[22]

Bean's paintings include Lunar Grand Prix and Rock and Roll on the Ocean of Storms, and he used real Moon dust in his paintings.[23] When he began painting, he realized that keepsake patches from his space suit were dirty with Moon dust. He added tiny pieces of the patches to his paintings, which made them unique. He also used a hammer, used to pound the flagpole into the lunar surface, and a bronzed Moon boot to texture his paintings.[24]

In July 2009, for the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 11 Moon landing, Bean exhibited his lunar paintings at the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum in Washington.[25]

But I'm the only one who can paint the Moon, because I'm the only one who knows whether that's right or not.

— Bean describing his Moon painting capability[8]

Personal life and death
Alan Bean museum marker in Wheeler, Texas
Bean presents a piece of Moon rock at the Gasometer Oberhausen in March 2010

Bean took a piece of Clan MacBean tartan to the Moon.[26] In recognition of his Scottish ancestry, Bean stated:

As I remember it, I took Clan McBean tartan to the Moon and returned it to Earth. […] I did, in fact, give a piece of the tartan to the Clan McBean and also to the St Bean Chapel in Scotland. And I've still got some of it in my possession. I did not, however leave any of it on the Moon.[27]

Bean died on May 26, 2018, in Houston, Texas, at the age of 86.[28] His death followed the sudden onset of illness two weeks before while he was in Fort Wayne, Indiana.[29] At the time of his death, Bean was married to his second wife, Leslie. He had a son, Clay, and a daughter, Amy Sue, both from his first marriage.[29]

Bean was interred in Arlington National Cemetery on November 8, 2018, with a service which included a flyover, military band, carriage procession, and gun salute.

Legacy

He was awarded with several awards and decorations during his career. He received the Rear Admiral William S. Parsons Award for Scientific and Technical Progress,[14] the Godfrey L. Cabot Award for 1970,[14] the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Trustees Award,[14] the V. M. Komarov Diploma for 1973[14] and the AAS Flight Achievement Award for 1974.[14]

Bean received the Navy Astronaut Wings, the Navy Distinguished Service Medal (twice), the NASA Distinguished Service Medal (twice), and the National Defense Service Medal with bronze star.[9][14][30]

Bean was inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame in 1983,[8][31] the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1997,[32][33] the International Air & Space Hall of Fame in 2010,[34] and the National Aviation Hall of Fame for 2010.[35] He was also a fellow of the American Astronautical Society and a member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots.[14]

Bean received the University of Texas Distinguished Alumnus Award in 1970 and the Distinguished Engineering Graduate Award.[36] Bean, the first Texan to walk on the Moon, was awarded the Texas Press Associations Texan of the Year Award for 1969.[37] The 1973 Robert J. Collier Trophy was awarded to NASA and the Skylab crew.[38] Bean was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science from Texas Wesleyan College in 1972, and was presented an Honorary Doctorate of Engineering Science degree from the University of Akron (Ohio) in 1974.[14] The city of Chicago held a parade and presented gold medals to the Skylab astronauts in 1974.[39] Bean was the recipient of Fédération Aéronautique Internationale's prestigious Yuri Gagarin Gold Medal for 1973 in Sydney, Australia.[40] In 1975, President Ford presented Skylab commander Gerald Carr with the Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy at a White House ceremony, on behalf of all Skylab astronauts (including Bean).[41] Bean was a co-recipient of AIAA's Octave Chanute Award for 1975, along with fellow Skylab 3 astronauts Jack Lousma and Owen Garriott.[42] In 2019, Northrop Grumman named the spacecraft for the NG-12 mission the S.S. Alan Bean.[43]

In media

In the 1998 HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon, Bean was portrayed by Dave Foley.[44] Swedish indie pop artist Stina Nordenstam has a song called "The Return of Alan Bean" on her 1991 debut album Memories of a Color.[45] British indie rock band Hefner released a single called "Alan Bean" in 2001, writing from the perspective of Bean during Apollo 12.[46] For her 2019 novel, America Was Hard to Find, American writer Kathleen Alcott based her description of the Apollo landing on interviews she conducted with Bean.[47]

Books
  • My Life As An Astronaut (1989) ISBN 978-0671674250
  • Apollo: An Eyewitness Account (with Andrew Chaikin) (1998) ISBN 978-0867130508
  • Into the Sunlit Splendor: The Aviation Art of William S. Phillips (with Ann Cooper, Charles S. Cooper and Wilson Hurley) (2005) ISBN 978-0867130935
  • Mission Control, This is Apollo: The Story of the First Voyages to the Moon (with Andrew Chaikin) (2009) ISBN 978-0670011568
  • Painting Apollo: First Artist on Another World (2009) ISBN 978-1588342645

Bean's in-flight Skylab diary is featured in Homesteading Space: the Skylab Story, a history of the Skylab program co-authored by fellow astronauts Dr. Joseph Kerwin and Dr. Owen Garriott and writer David Hitt, published in 2008.[48]

See also
  • List of spaceflight records
  • The Astronaut Monument

References
  1. Joachim Becker. "Alan Bean – EVA experience".
  2. Jacobs, Nancy (November 14, 1969). "Ex-Coleman Resident Bean to be 4th on Moon". Abilene Reporter-News. Abilene, Texas. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. "Bean, Alan LaVern (1932–2018)".
  4. "Arnold H. Bean, Bean's father".
  5. "Francis Caroline Bean, Bean's mother".
  6. "Men of the Apollo XII Crew". The Kokomo Tribune. Kokomo, Indiana. November 25, 1969. p. 29.
  7. "Scouting and Space Exploration". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  8. "Piloted the lunar module on Apollo 12, the second lunar landing mission". New Mexico Museum of Space History. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  9. Alan Lavern Bean;Naval History and Heritage Command, 2016
  10. Gecker, Jocelyn (May 26, 2018). "Apollo moonwalker, artist Alan Bean dies at age 86 in Houston". FOX 7. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  11. The Lunar Hall of Fame: Alan Bean Archived March 25, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  12. NASA Historians to Speak at St. Mary's College Archived February 27, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  13. "Alan Bean Oral History". NASA. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  14. "ALAN BEAN (CAPTAIN, USN, RET.) NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER)" (PDF). August 1993. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  15. Chaikin, Andrew (1994). A Man on the Moon. Penguin Books Ltd. ISBN 978-0-14-024146-4.
  16. von Braun, Wernher (2010), Buckbee, Ed (ed.), The Rocket Man: Wernher von Braun: The Man Who Took America to the Moon: His Weekly Notes: 1961–1969 (DVD), Steward & Wise Music Publishing, p. 1966-07 p. 79, ISBN 978-1-935001-27-0
  17. "NASA – Ocean Rendezvous". Nasa.gov. November 19, 1969. Archived from the original on December 15, 2010. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
  18. "Our Little Secret". Alanbeangallery.com. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
  19. Bean, Alan and Chaikin, Andrew. Apollo: An Eyewitness Account, The Greenwich Workshop Press; First Edition (January 10, 1998). ISBN 0-86713-050-4
  20. "Historic Spacecraft – Space Suit Photos".
  21. Kennedy, J. Michael (April 29, 1985). "Shuttle Flight Is Lind's First Mission : Astronaut's 19-Year Wait for Space Trip Ends Today". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
  22. "Alan Bean". International Museum of Art. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  23. "Conversations: Astronaut-Turned-Moon Artist Alan Bean". Washington Post. July 19, 2009. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  24. Bean, Alan. "Message from Alan Bean". Alan Bean: first artist on another world. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
  25. Dunham, Will (May 26, 2018). "Alan Bean, moon-walking U.S. astronaut turned painter, dies in Houston". Reuters. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  26. "American-Scottish astronaut who took tartan to the moon". May 30, 2018. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  27. "Clan MacBean Arrives On The Moon". alanbeangallery.com. April 30, 2005. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved December 2, 2007.
  28. "Alan Bean, moon-walking astronaut and artist, dies aged 86". BBC News. May 27, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  29. "Family Release Regarding the Passing of Apollo, Skylab Astronaut Alan Bean". NASA. May 26, 2018. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  30. "Agnew Confers Awards on Crews of 3 Apollos". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. Associated Press. November 14, 1970. p. 23 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. Sheppard, David (October 2, 1983). "Space Hall Inducts 14 Apollo Program Astronauts". El Paso Times. El Paso, Texas. p. 18 – via Newspapers.com.
  32. "Alan Bean". Astronaut Scholarship Foundation. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  33. Meyer, Marilyn (October 2, 1997). "Ceremony to Honor Astronauts". Florida Today. Cocoa, Florida. p. 2B – via Newspapers.com.
  34. Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006. ISBN 978-1-57864-397-4.
  35. "Bean, Alan L." The National Aviation Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on May 28, 2018. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  36. "Distinguished Alumnus Award". Texas Exes. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  37. "Press Honors Two Texans". Longview News-Journal. Longview, Texas. January 23, 1970. p. 21 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. "Collier Trophy at Test Range". The Orlando Sentinel. Orlando, Florida. October 3, 1974. p. 21 – via Newspapers.com.
  39. "Chicagoans Host Nine Astronauts". The Orlando Sentinel. Orlando, Florida. March 27, 1974. p. 13-A – via Newspapers.com.
  40. "Astronauts Honored". The Daily Courier. Connellsville, Pennsylvania. UPI. October 28, 1974. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. "Ford Praises Astronauts, Space Program". Daily Press. Newport News, Virginia. UPI. April 12, 1975. p. 23 – via Newspapers.com.
  42. "Chanute Flight Test Award Recipients". AIAA. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  43. "Northrop Grumman names 12th Cygnus ship for Apollo 12 astronaut". collectSPACE. October 24, 2019. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
  44. "From the Earth to the Moon, Full Cast and Crew". IMDb. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  45. Alan Bean at AllMusic
  46. Porter, Christopher (September 15, 2009). "Hefner, 'Alan Bean'". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  47. Alcott, Kathleen (2019). America Was Hard to Find. New York: Ecco. pp. 415–417.
  48. Plaxco, Jim (September 16, 2009). "Book Review: Homesteading Space". National Space Society. Retrieved May 26, 2018.

Bibliography
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