Czech koruna

In 1892, the Austro-Hungarian crown replaced the florin, at the rate of one florin to two crowns (which is also the reason why the 10 Kč coin had been nicknamed pětka or "the five" - and has been in use in informal conversation up until nowadays). The name was suggested by the emperor, Franz Joseph I of Austria. After Austria-Hungary dissolved in 1918, Czechoslovakia was the only successor state to retain the name of its imperial-era currency. In the late 1920s, the Czechoslovak crown was the hardest currency in Europe. During the Second World War, the currency on the occupied Czech territory was artificially weakened. The Czechoslovak crown was restored after the war. It underwent a highly controversial monetary reform in 1953.

The Czech crown replaced the Czechoslovakian crown when it was introduced in 1993 after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. It first consisted of overstamped 20 Kčs, 50 Kčs, 100 Kčs, 500 Kčs, and 1,000 Kčs banknotes, and a new series was properly introduced in 1993.

In November 2013, the Czech National Bank (ČNB) intervened to weaken the exchange rate of the crown through a monetary stimulus to stop the currency from excessive strengthening.[2] This was meant to support the Czech economy, mainly focused on export, but people were unhappy about this step because it was set up before Christmas, which led to raising the prices of imported goods. In late 2016, the ČNB stated that the return to conventional monetary policy was planned for mid-2017.[3][4] After higher-than-expected inflation and other figures, the national bank removed the cap at a special monetary meeting on April 6, 2017. The crown avoided significant volatility and City Index Group stated: "If you want to drop a currency peg, then the ČNB can show you how to do it".[5]

The Czech Republic planned to adopt the euro in 2010, but its government suspended that plan indefinitely in 2005.[6] Although the country is economically well positioned to adopt the euro, there is considerable opposition to the move within the Czech Republic.[7] According to a survey conducted in April 2014, only 16% of the Czech population was in favour of replacing the crown with the euro.[8] As reported by an April 2018 survey by CVVM (Public Opinion Research Center), this value has remained at nearly identical levels over the past four years, with only 20% of the Czech population above 15 years old supporting euro adoption.[9]

The coins of the Czech crown increase in size and weight with value.

In 1993, coins were introduced in denominations of 10, 20 and 50 hellers (h), 1 Kč, 2 Kč, 5 Kč, 10 Kč, 20 Kč and 50 Kč. The 10 h and 20 h coins were taken out of circulation by 31 October 2003 and the 50 h coins by 31 August 2008 due to their diminishing purchasing power and circulation.[10] However, financial amounts are still written with the accuracy of 1-haléř (CZK 0.01); prices in retail shops are usually multiples of CZK 0.10. When transactions are made, the amount is rounded to the nearest integer.

In 2000, the 10 Kč and 20 Kč coins were minted with different obverses to commemorate the millennium. In 1993 and 1994, coins were minted in Winnipeg and Hamburg, then in the Czech Republic. The 10 Kč and 50 Kč coins were designed by Ladislav Kozák (1934–2007).

Since 1997, sets for collectors are also issued yearly with proof-quality coins. Also, a tradition exists of issuing commemorative coins – including silver and gold coins – for numismatic purposes.

For a complete listing, see Commemorative coins of the Czech Republic.

Circulation coins[11]
Image	Value	Technical parameters				Description			Date of
		Diameter	Thickness	Mass	Composition	Edge	Obverse	Reverse	first minting	issue	withdrawal
	10 h	15.5 mm	1.7 mm	0.6 g	99% aluminium 1% magnesium	Plain	"ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA", the Czech lion, year of minting	Value, stylized river	1993	1993	2003
	20 h	17 mm		0.74 g		Milled		Value, linden leaf	1993	1993	2003
	50 h	19 mm		0.9 g		Alternately plain and milled		Value	1993	1993	2008
	1 Kč	20 mm	1.85 mm	3.6 g	Nickel-plated steel	Milled		Value, St. Wenceslas crown	1993	1993	Current
	2 Kč	21.5 mm, 11-sided		3.7 g		Rounded, plain		Value, a Great Moravian button-jewel	1993	1993	Current
	5 Kč	23 mm		4.8 g		Plain		Value, Charles Bridge, Vltava, linden leaf	1993	1993	Current
	10 Kč	24.5 mm	2.55 mm	7.62 g	Copper-plated steel	Milled		Value, Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul at Petrov monument in Brno	1993	1993	Current
	20 Kč	26 mm, 13-sided		8.43 g	Brass-plated steel	Rounded, plain		Value, the St. Wenceslas monument on Wenceslas Square, inscription from the monument: "SVATÝ VÁCLAVE NEDEJ ZAHYNOUT NÁM I BUDOUCÍM"	1993	1993	Current
	50 Kč	27.5 mm center: 17 mm		9.7 g	Outer ring: Copper-plated steel Center plug: Brass-plated steel	Plain		"PRAGA MATER URBIUM" (Prague, the Mother of Towns), view of Prague	1993	1993	Current

The first Czech banknotes were issued on 8 February 1993 and consisted of Czechoslovak notes with adhesive stamps affixed to them. Only the 100 Kčs, 500 Kčs and 1,000 Kčs notes were overstamped, the lower denominations circulated unchanged during this transitional period. Each stamp bears a Roman and Arabic numeral identifying the denomination of the banknote to which it is affixed (C and 100, D and 500, M and 1,000). Subsequent issues of the 1,000 Kč note replaced the adhesive stamp with a printed image of same.[12]

A newly designed series of banknotes in denominations of 20 Kč, 50 Kč, 100 Kč, 200 Kč, 500 Kč, 1,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč were introduced later in 1993 and are still in use at present – except for 20 Kč, 50 Kč and the first versions of 1,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč notes, since the security features of 1,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč notes were upgraded in the subsequent issues (The 2,000 Kč note, which was introduced in 1996, is still valid in all versions, with and without the new security features). These banknotes feature renowned Czech persons on the obverse and abstract compositions on the reverse. Modern protective elements can be found on all banknotes.

In 2007, the Czech National Bank started issuing new upgraded banknotes with upgraded security features. These include a new colour-shifting security thread, additional watermarks and EURion constellations. The first denomination to be issued with the new features was the 2,000 Kč, followed by the 1,000 Kč in 2008, the 500 Kč and 5,000 Kč in 2009 and finally ending with the issuance of the 100 Kč and 200 Kč notes in 2018.

Stamped banknotes

Image		Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Language	Description		Date of
Obverse	Reverse					Obverse	Reverse	printing	issue	withdrawal
Czechoslovak banknotes
		10 Kčs	133 × 67 mm	Brown	Slovak	Pavol Országh-Hviezdoslav	Orava scene	1986	7 February 1993	31 July 1993
		20 Kčs	138 × 67 mm	Blue	Czech	Comenius	Illustration related to culture and education	1988	7 February 1993	31 July 1993
		50 Kčs	143 × 67 mm	Red	Slovak	Ľudovít Štúr	View of Bratislava with the castle (from the restaurant on the top of the pylon of the Nový Most)	1987	7 February 1993	31 July 1993
Overstamped Czechoslovak banknotes
		100 Kč	165 × 81 mm	Green	Czech	Peasant and worker	View of Prague with the castle and the Charles Bridge	1961	7 February 1993	31 August 1993
		500 Kč	153 × 67 mm	Brown	Slovak	Partisans of the SNP 1944	Devín Castle	1973	7 February 1993	31 August 1993
		1,000 Kč	158 × 67 mm	Blue	Czech	Bedřich Smetana	View of the Vltava at Vyšehrad	1985	7 February 1993	31 August 1993

Original Czech banknotes

The Greater coat of arms of the Czech Republic can be found on the reverse side of all denominations.

First original (second 1993) series

Image		Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description		Date of
Obverse	Reverse				Obverse	Reverse	printing	issue	withdrawal	lapse
		20 Kč	128 × 64 mm	Blue	Přemysl Otakar I	Ottokar's Crown and the seal of Golden Bull of Sicily	1994	20 April 1994	31 August 2008	31 August 2014[13]
		50 Kč	134 × 64 mm	Red	Saint Agnes of Bohemia	St. Salvator's Church ceiling (part of Convent of St. Agnes of Bohemia in Prague) and ornamental letter A	1993	6 October 1993	31 January 2007	31 March 2017[14]
							1994	21 December 1994	31 March 2011
							1997	10 September 1997	31 March 2011
		100 Kč	140 × 69 mm	Turquoise	Charles IV	Seal of Charles University	1993	30 June 1993	31 January 2007	1 July 2022[15]
							1995	21 June 1995	current
							1997	15 October 1997	current
		200 Kč	146 × 69 mm	Orange	John Amos Comenius	Orbis Pictus, an adult's hand passing to a child's hand	1993	8 February 1993	31 January 2007	1 July 2022[15]
							1996	14 August 1996	current
							1998	6 January 1999	current
		500 Kč	152 × 69 mm	Brown	Božena Němcová	Laureate woman symbolizing all woman characters in Němcová's books	1993	21 July 1993	31 January 2007	1 July 2022[15]
							1995	27 December 1995	current
							1997	18 March 1998	current
		1,000 Kč	158 × 74 mm	Violet	František Palacký	Eagle spread its wings over the Archbishop's Castle in Kroměříž	1993	12 May 1993	30 June 2001	1 July 2022[15]
							1996	6 December 1996	current
		2,000 Kč	164 × 74 mm	Green	Emmy Destinn	Euterpe and musical motifs like violin	1996	1 October 1996	current
							1999	1 December 1999	current
		5,000 Kč	170 × 74 mm	Dark blue and violet	Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk	Gothic and Baroque buildings in Prague, in centre dominating St. Vitus Cathedral	1993	15 December 1993	30 June 2001	1 July 2022[15]
							1999	8 September 1999	current

Upgraded banknotes

1993 (2007-2018) series

Image		Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description		Date of
Obverse	Reverse				Obverse	Reverse	printing	issue	withdrawal	lapse
		100 Kč	140 × 69 mm	Turquoise	Charles IV	Seal of Charles University	2018	5 September 2018[16]	current
		200 Kč	146 × 69 mm	Orange	John Amos Comenius	Orbis Pictus, an adult's hand passing to a child's hand	2018	5 September 2018[16]
		500 Kč	152 × 69 mm	Brown	Božena Němcová	Laureate woman symbolizing all woman characters in Němcová's books	2009	1 April 2009[17]
		1,000 Kč	158 × 74 mm	Violet	František Palacký	Eagle spread its wings over the Archbishop's Castle in Kroměříž	2008	1 April 2008[18]
		2,000 Kč	164 × 74 mm	Green	Emmy Destinn	Euterpe and musical motifs like violin	2007	2 July 2007[19]
		5,000 Kč	170 × 74 mm	Dark blue and violet	Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk	Gothic and Baroque buildings in Prague, in centre dominating St. Vitus Cathedral	2009	1 December 2009[20]

Commemorative banknotes

Commemorative banknote series[21]

Image		Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description		Date of
Obverse	Reverse				Obverse	Reverse	printing	issue	withdrawal	lapse
		100 Kč	150 × 65 mm	Gold	Alois Rašín	Czech National Bank	2019	31 January 2019		TBD
		100 Kč	140 × 69 mm	Turquoise	Charles IV, overprint on watermark area	Seal of Charles University	2019	30 January 2019

For the 100th anniversary of the crown, a new banknote will be issued, featuring the face of Czech politician Alois Rašín. There is also an overprint on the normal 100 Kč note as second commemorative note.

• Bohemia and Moravia crown
• Commemorative coins of the Czech Republic
• Czech Republic and the euro
• Czechoslovak crown
• Economy of the Czech Republic
• Slovak crown

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Money of the Czech Republic.

• Czech banknotes, Czech National Bank
• Czech coins, Czech National Bank
• Czech banknotes (catalog, gallery and other details, history)
• Heiko Otto (ed.). "Historical and current banknotes of the Czech Republic" (in English, German, and French). Retrieved 6 June 2019.
• Heiko Otto (ed.). "Historical banknotes of Czechoslovakia" (in English, German, and French). Retrieved 6 June 2019.