Curtly Ambrose

When Pakistan toured the West Indies in 1988, Ambrose played in the One Day International (ODI) series, taking the place of the recently retired Joel Garner.[5] He made his debut during the first match, on 12 March 1988 in Kingston, Jamaica, taking wickets with his third and ninth deliveries; he ended the innings with four for 39 from 10 overs. In the second match, he took four for 35 and followed with another two wickets in the third. West Indies won those first three matches to take the series, and Ambrose did not play in the fourth or fifth game.[7] In the Test series which followed, Ambrose was less effective. In the first Test, he took two for 121 as West Indies lost at home for the first time in 10 years.[8] Wisden noted that his debut was "unimpressive", but that he improved in the subsequent matches.[9] He finished the series with seven wickets at an average of over 50 runs per wicket.[5] Later that year, Ambrose was chosen to tour England. After appearing in early tour games, he was chosen for the first two ODIs, taking three wickets in total, but was omitted from the third.[10] In the Test series, he played in all five matches to take 22 wickets at an average of 20.22; his best figures of four for 58 came in the fourth Test, in which he took seven wickets and was named man of the match.[11] Writing in Wisden, commentator Tony Cozier described Ambrose as "a ready-made replacement for Garner"; the amount of bounce he generated after the ball pitched "made him a constant menace".[12]

In 1988–89, West Indies took part in an ODI tournament in Sharjah. Ambrose took 8 wickets,[13] and was man of the match with four for 29 when West Indies defeated Pakistan in the final.[14] From there, West Indies travelled to Australia for a series in which Ambrose was a dominant figure. The West Indies won the Test series 3–1, using controversial short-pitched bowling tactics. Ambrose's height made him difficult to play as he made the ball bounce more than other bowlers. Writing in Wisden, John Woodcock noted: "As in England, earlier in 1988, Ambrose's bowling was a telling factor ... [His] advance compensated for something of a decline in [Malcolm] Marshall's effectiveness".[15] In the first Test, he took seven wickets; in the second, he took five wickets in a Test innings for the first time with five for 72, and finished with eight in the game; and in the third, he took six wickets.[16] His performances earned him man of the match award in the first and third games,[17] and he ended the series with 26 wickets at an average of 21.46. He was West Indies' leading wicket-taker and headed the team bowling averages.[18] In the ODI tournament that took place during the tour, West Indies defeated Australia in the final;[15] Ambrose took 21 wickets in the series and twice took five wickets in an innings.[13]

Suffering from fatigue and illness,[19] Ambrose was less successful later in 1989 when India toured the West Indies: he took just five wickets in the four-Test series at an average of 54.60.[20]

Ambrose made his debut in the English County Championship for Northamptonshire County Cricket Club in 1989—the club signed him for the 1988 season but as he was playing in the West Indies touring team, he was unavailable that year.[21] He took a wicket with his first delivery for the club, but was not particularly successful in the first part of the season; he settled down later and took 28 first-class wickets at 28.39 for Northamptonshire in nine games.[22]

Early in 1990, England toured the West Indies and played four Tests—a fifth was abandoned owing to rain. The visiting team dominated the first part of the series but West Indies eventually won 2–1.[23] Ambrose was unfit for the first Test, which West Indies lost, and the first four ODIs, but returned to take four for 18 in an ODI organised to replace the rained-off second Test.[24] After a drawn third Test, West Indies won the fourth game. The home captain, Viv Richards, set England 356 to win, but after losing early wickets, the English batsmen entered the last hour of the game with five wickets still to fall.[25] Ambrose took the new ball and removed the last five batsmen for 18 runs in 46 deliveries,[26] four of them leg before wicket. He finished with figures of eight for 45, ten wickets in the match, and West Indies levelled the series with a 164-run win. Ambrose was man of the match.[25] He took six wickets in the final match,[16] to finish the series with 20 wickets at 15.35, finishing top of the West Indies' averages. Ambrose, along with the other home bowlers, was described by Alan Lee in Wisden as an "awesome handful in the latter part of the series", and described his match-winning spell in the fourth Test as "unforgettable".[23] Ambrose's other appearances for West Indies in 1989–90 were all in ODIs, although he did not take more than two wickets in any innings except in the match against England.[13][16] He also took 22 first-class wickets for the Leeward Islands,[27] and when he returned to England to play for Northamptonshire in 1990, took 58 first-class wickets to top the club's bowling averages.[28] In one-day cricket for the county, he took 13 wickets while conceding an average of just 2.53 runs per over.[29]

West Indies toured Pakistan in late 1990, and Ambrose topped the team's bowling averages in a three-match series which was drawn 1–1. He took 14 wickets at 17.07,[30] but was overshadowed slightly by the performances of Ian Bishop.[31] He played the first two ODIs, but missed the third after Pakistan had already won the series, and his best figures in the Tests came in the final match when he took five for 35.[32] Then, when Australia toured West Indies from February 1991, Ambrose took 18 wickets in the five Tests at an average of 27.38. West Indies won the series 2–1, and Ambrose was fourth in the averages,[33] but Tony Cozier observed in Wisden that the whole West Indies attack was dependable.[34] Ambrose made an impression batting as part of a West Indian lower batting order which repeatedly added crucial runs during the series. He took part in two important partnerships to help his team recover from a difficult situation,[34] and in the third match, he scored his only half-century in Tests.[16] He also took 20 first-class wickets for Leeward Islands.[35]

West Indies' next matches were in England. The Test series was drawn 2–2 and Ambrose was the team's leading wicket-taker with 28 (averaging 20.00); he also came top of the bowling averages.[36] He had a particular impact on Graeme Hick, who was appearing in Test cricket for the first time, dismissing him six times in seven innings with short-pitched bowling. Accurate bowling was important in the series, played on a series of slow-paced pitches; according to Scyld Berry, writing in Wisden, "Since the 1988 tour, Ambrose had improved his control to the point where a batsman had to play almost every ball—and not with a scoring stroke, either".[37] Berry suggests that West Indies may have won the series had Viv Richards used a different tactical approach with Ambrose's bowling. The bowler was not fully fit in the final Test, which may have affected the outcome. Berry describes "Ambrose's rise to the status of a giant—with the mannerism of celebrating each wicket by whirling his arms upwards, like a flock of doves taking to the air."[37] Ambrose twice took five wickets in an innings—his best figures were six for 52 in the first Test, when he twice took wickets with consecutive deliveries.[16][38] Ambrose was named man-of the-match in the third Test and adjudged West Indies man-of-the-series.[39] For his performances, Ambrose was named one of Wisden's Cricketers of the Year. The citation remarked on his consistency and stated: "Ambrose has the ability to exert a debilitating psychological influence which so often precipitates a cluster of wickets after the initial breach has been made ... Moreover, he was arguably the essential difference between the two sides in what proved to be a zestful series."[4] The West Indies wicket-keeper, Jeff Dujon, said: "He is mature beyond his years, has pace, accuracy, heart and determination, plus, importantly, real pride in economical figures."[4]

Courtney Walsh, Ambrose's bowling partner in many Test matches

During the 1991–92 season, West Indies played mainly one-day cricket, taking part in tournaments in Sharjah[40]—where Ambrose took seven wickets, including an analysis of five for 53[13]—and Australia,[41] and took part in the World Cup in Australia and New Zealand. In this tournament, Ambrose took seven wickets in seven games at an average of 33.57 and was the seventh most economical bowler among those who played more than one game.[42] West Indies finished sixth in the qualifying table and failed to reach the semi-finals.[43] Ambrose returned home to play twice for the Leeward Islands in January 1992.[16]

In April 1992, South Africa toured West Indies for the first time,[44] and played their first Test match for 22 years.[45] Ambrose played in all three ODIs, all of which were won by West Indies.[46] The Test match was the first time West Indies bowled under a new playing regulation which permitted only one bouncer per over; this seemed to affect the home bowlers,[47] but Ambrose took two for 47 from 36 overs.[16] South Africa began the final day of the match requiring 79 runs to win with just two batsmen out, but Ambrose and Courtney Walsh took the last eight wickets for 26 runs to bowl West Indies to a 52-run win.[47] On a difficult pitch for batting, the ball bounced unevenly, and both bowlers concentrated on accuracy.[45] Ambrose took six for 34 in the second innings, and was named joint man of the match; in just over 60 overs, he took eight for 81 in the match.[47]

Returning to play for Northamptonshire, he was less effective. Hampered by a knee injury, which necessitated surgery after the English season, and suffering from many dropped catches, he took 50 first-class wickets at an average of 26.14, but his performance compared unfavourably with other bowlers on the team. He was more effective in the NatWest Trophy, a one-day competition that Northamptonshire won that season, in which he conceded fewer than two runs per over across five games.[48]

The West Indies toured Australia in 1992–93, recovering from losing the second Test to win the final two matches and take the series 2–1. The team also won the annual World Series Cup. In the first three Tests, Ambrose was hampered by pitches which did not suit his bowling and, according to Tony Cozier writing in Wisden, was often unlucky when he bowled,[49] although he took five for 66 in the first Test.[16] In the final two Tests, he took 19 wickets.[49] In the fourth he took ten wickets, including six for 74 in the first innings; in the second innings, he took three wickets in 19 deliveries and the West Indies won the match by one run. According to Cozier, the captains of both teams, Richie Richardson and Allan Border, "paid tribute to the man who made the result possible: Ambrose consolidated his reputation as the world's leading bowler".[50] On the first day of the decisive final Test, Ambrose took seven wickets at the cost of one run from 32 deliveries and finished with figures of seven for 25. Cozier described it as "one of Test cricket's most devastating spells".[51] West Indies won by an innings and Ambrose was named man of the series,[51] having taken 33 wickets to equal the record in an Australia-West Indies Test series. He topped the West Indian bowling averages with an average of 16.42.[49] Cozier described Ambrose's performance as "instrumental in winning [the series]" and his bowling as "flawless".[49]

In the one-day tournament, Ambrose took 18 wickets at 13.38.[13] He took eight wickets in the two-match final—both games were won by the West Indies.[49] In the first final, he took five for 32, driven to bowl with more hostility when the Australian batsman Dean Jones asked him to remove his white wristbands while bowling. He followed up with three for 26 in the second match to be named player of the finals.[52] After a one-day tournament in South Africa, West Indies returned home for Test and ODI series against Pakistan. The ODI series was drawn,[13][53] but the West Indies defeated Pakistan 2–0 in the Tests. Ambrose took nine wickets at 23.11 to be fifth in the team bowling averages. The Wisden report suggested that he was suffering from fatigue after his team's busy schedule, but although not at his best, he continued to take important wickets.[53] For Northamptonshire in 1993, Ambrose was second in the team first-class bowling averages with 59 wickets at 20.45.[54]

Having developed a slower ball, and using the yorker more sparingly,[55] Ambrose took five wickets in three games as West Indies won an ODI tournament in Sharjah in late October and November 1993.[13][56] The team competed in another tournament, this time in India, later that November. They finished as runners-up, and Ambrose took four wickets in five matches.[13][57] Immediately following this, West Indies toured Sri Lanka to play three ODIs and a Test, a rain-ruined match in which Ambrose took three wickets.[58]

Ambrose took six for 24 to bowl England out for 46 at Queen's Park Oval, Trinidad.

When he returned to the West Indies, Ambrose took 19 first-class wickets for the Leeward Islands at an average of 11.68,[59] in his first appearances for the islands in two years,[16] but as England arrived to tour West Indies, he complained of fatigue and there were rumours he planned to retire.[60] He played in three times in the five-match ODI series, taking two wickets, and took a further two wickets in the first Test, which West Indies won.[13][61] In Wisden, Alan Lee described his performances at this time as "lethargic",[62] and in the Guardian, Paul Allott wrote that he bowled "like a shadow" owing to the effects of continuous cricket.[60] Ambrose was ineffective at the start of the second Test, but recovered,[60] ending the match with eight wickets;[16] according to Lee, he "struck the critical blows of the match" in the first innings.[61] In the third Test, played in Trinidad, he took five for 60 in England's first innings, but after the visiting team built a substantial lead, West Indies were bowled out to leave England needing 194 to win and an hour to bat on the fourth evening. Ambrose took six wickets to leave England 40 for eight at the close of play; the next morning, they were bowled out for 46 and Ambrose had figures of six for 24 in the innings and match figures of 11 for 84;[63] he was named man of the match. Lee described the collapse as "staggering", and judged Ambrose bowling to be "of the highest calibre". He continued: "He delivered one of the most devastating spells of even his career."[63] Allott called it "the definitive spell of fast bowling".[60]

Ambrose took four wickets in the fourth Test, but West Indies lost the match, their first defeat in Barbados for 59 years, and Ambrose was fined £1,000 by the match referee for knocking down his stumps in frustration when he was the last man out.[64] He took one more wicket in the drawn final Test to finish the series with 26 wickets and top the West Indian bowling averages.[16][65] Writing in Wisden, Lee summarised Ambrose's performances: "Ambrose was magnificent. He was deservedly named man of the series, not only for taking 26 wickets at an average of 19.96 apiece and winning the Trinidad Test single-handed, but for the more profound truth that West Indies now look to him whenever they need wickets ... [He] carried the attack alone".[66]

Ambrose returned to play for Northamptonshire in 1994, but arrived later than scheduled. Claiming to need a rest,[67] he missed his scheduled flight and arrived four days late.[68] His absence may have contributed to Northamptonshire's elimination in the preliminary stages of the Benson and Hedges Cup.[69] At the time, members of the county were unhappy with Ambrose's performances for the team;[67] the committee fined him, and he expressed contrition.[70] During the remainder of the season, he bowled extremely effectively to take 77 first-class wickets, the most for the club in 18 years, at an average of 14.45 to top the national bowling averages. According to Andrew Radd in Wisden, the club were mollified by his success, but he wrote: "Rarely in Northamptonshire's history have the performances and the personality of one cricketer dominated a season to the extent that Curtly Ambrose did in 1994."[68] Ambrose missed the final match of the season with a shoulder problem.[68]

Ambrose's shoulder injury, caused by his bowling workload,[71] caused him to miss the West Indies' tour of India in the last three months of 1994.[72] Although he returned to join the tour of New Zealand in early 1995, he did not reach his full bowling pace; he took one wicket in the ODI series and five in the two Test matches.[16][73] He remained in the team when Australia toured the Caribbean later in 1995; the West Indies lost the Test series 2–1, their first defeat in a Test series since 1980.[74] After taking two wickets in four ODIs,[75] Ambrose took 13 wickets at 19.84 in the four-Test series to lead the West Indian averages.[76] He took nine of these wickets in Trinidad during the third Test, when West Indies levelled the series having lost the first Test (the second was drawn).[77] Bowling on a pitch that was extremely difficult for batting, and which both teams considered to be unsatisfactory, Ambrose took nine for 65 in the match and was named man of the match. During the game, Ambrose had to be pulled away from a verbal confrontation with Steve Waugh by the captain, Richardson.[78] But outside of this match, the Australian team judged his bowling to have declined in pace following his shoulder injury, and that he lacked the variety to adapt to a different role.[79] The West Indies' cricket manager, former Test bowler Andy Roberts, publicly claimed during the series that several of his team possessed "attitude problems", and complained that the fast bowlers would not follow his advice.[80]

During the tour of England which followed, Ambrose did not take a wicket in the three-match ODI series; according to journalist Simon Barnes, both Ambrose and the team lacked confidence following their defeat by Australia; he lacked rhythm and displayed signs of frustration and unhappiness.[81] He was more effective in the Test series, and according to Tony Cozier in Wisden, "was always captable of a spell of incisive, quality bowling".[82] But he was affected by injury throughout the six-match series; he withdrew injured from the third Test having bowled fewer than eight overs and missed the fifth Test completely.[82] Other bowlers in the team overshadowed Ambrose, and it was not until the final Test that he reached his most effective form in taking five for 96 in the first innings and seven wickets in the match.[71][83] Waving to the crowd as he left the field on the final day with an injury, Ambrose seemed to indicate that he would not tour England again.[82][83] He ended the series third in the bowling averages with 21 wickets at 24.09.[84] But according to Cozier, the senior players in the team caused problems for the management, and when the players returned home, Ambrose and three other members of the team were fined 10 per cent of their tour fee—in Ambrose's case, the fine was for "general failings of behaviour and attitude",[85] and setting a bad example to younger team-mates.[86]

Along with other senior players, Ambrose was rested from West Indies' next tour, an ODI tournament in October 1995,[87] but he returned to play in a three-team ODI tournament in Australia in December and January.[88] However, affected by the refusal of Brian Lara to tour following after being fined for his behaviour during the tour of England, the team failed to qualify for the final.[89] Ambrose took ten wickets in the tournament, and took three wickets in consecutive innings; in the latter game, he was man of the match.[90] West Indies were more successful in the World Cup in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka which began in February. They reached the semi-finals, losing to Australia.[91] Ambrose was man of the match with three for 28 in his team's opening match,[91] and took ten wickets at 17.00 in the competition. He conceded an average of just three runs per over for the tournament, the second best among those who played in more than two games.[92] In March, Ambrose played in a home series against New Zealand. In the five match ODI series, 10 wickets at 17.60, including four for 36 in the opening game.[13][16] He took eight wickets in the two-Test series at an average of 20.50, leading the team averages,[93] and took five for 68 in the second match.[16] During the English cricket season, he returned to Northamptonshire and took 43 wickets in nine games to lead the national bowling averages, but he missed several matches with recurring injuries and his contract was not renewed for the following year. He was replaced by the much younger Mohammad Akram as overseas player.[94]

Following Australia's victory in 1994–95, when West Indies toured Australia in 1996–97 the series was heavily publicised as a re-match. However, the visiting team were often ineffective, continuing a trend of decline, and depended heavily on their senior players, one of whom was Ambrose. He began the series poorly, continuing a pattern established in several preceding series, and critics suggested that he was no longer effective.[95] After taking only three wickets in the first two Tests, both of which were lost by West Indies,[16] Ambrose told his team-mates that he would take ten wickets in the third. On a difficult pitch for batting, he managed to take nine in the match, including three in the first hour of the game, despite struggling with a hamstring injury. West Indies won, and Ambrose was named man of the match,[96] but he missed the fourth Test with an injury. Writing in Wisden, Greg Baum suggested that Ambrose absence possibly affected the outcome of the series; Australia won easily to ensure they won the series.[95] Ambrose returned for the final match, and on another difficult batting pitch, took five for 43 on the first day. West Indies won and Ambrose was again man of the match.[97] He led the West Indies bowling averages with 19 wickets at 23.36,[98] but had been the driving factor in West Indies' two wins.[95] Ambrose also played in an ODI tournament during the tour of Australia, taking nine wickets at 27.33.[13] Later in the season, between March and May 1997, India toured West Indies; Ambrose took ten wickets at 30.10 in the Test series, including five for 87 in the second Test, but was no longer the home team's most effective bowler.[16][99] Then in June, Sri Lanka played a two-Test series, won 1–0 by West Indies. In the first, Ambrose took five for 37 in the first innings, and eight wickets in the game, to be named man of the match. This included his 300th wicket in Test matches; he was the 12th bowler, and fourth West Indian, to reach this landmark.[100] Ambrose also played five ODIs during the West Indies home season, taking nine wickets.[13]

West Indies' loss of form continued in late 1997 when they lost every international match during their tour of Pakistan.[101] Ambrose played in two out of West Indies' three matches in an ODI tournament, taking one wicket,[13] but his performance in taking one wicket in the two Test matches he played—he missed the third match with injury—prompted Fazeer Mohammed, writing in Wisden, to describe Ambrose as "a shadow of his former self".[101] Any danger that Ambrose might have retired after this series was forestalled when Brian Lara was appointed West Indies captain and immediately spoke to Ambrose and Walsh to ask them to continue in the team.[102] When England toured the West Indies between January and April 1998,[16] he took 30 wickets at 14.26 to top the bowling averages for the series.[note 1][104] Many of the pitches during the tour were poor for batting, but Ambrose was very effective, particularly in the second, third and fourth Tests. In addition, he dismissed Mike Atherton, the England captain, six times in the series. Scyld Berry wrote in Wisden that Ambrose was "back to something near his peak form ... [He] defied every prediction that he was finished after his tour of Pakistan."[103] In the second Test, Ambrose took eight wickets; he conceded only 23 runs from 26 overs in the first innings and bowled a spell of five wickets for 16 runs from 47 deliveries in the second to complete figures of five for 52.[105] Having won the second match, West Indies lost the third, but according to Matthew Engel, "Ambrose's abiding power was the most constant feature of a fluctuating match".[106] His eight wickets in the game, including five for 25 in the first innings, took him past fifty Test wickets in Trinidad.[106] He followed up with six wickets in West Indies victory in the fourth Test, taking four for 38 in the final innings. Tony Cozier wrote that Ambrose "thundered in, arms and knees pumping like pistons, to generate all of his old pace."[107] Following the Test series, which West Indies won 3–1, Ambrose played in the first three matches of the ODI series,[108] and took three wickets.[13]