El Clásico

El Clásico or el clásico[1] (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈklasiko]; Catalan: El Clàssic,[2] pronounced [əl ˈklasik]; "The Classic") is the name given to any football match between rival clubs FC Barcelona and Real Madrid. Originally referring to competitions held in the Spanish championship, the term now includes every match between the clubs, such as those in the UEFA Champions League and Copa del Rey. It is considered one of the biggest club football games in the world, and is among the most viewed annual sporting events.[3][4][5] A fixture known for its intensity, it has featured memorable goal celebrations from both teams, often involving mocking the opposition.[6][7]

El Clásico
Team kits – Real Madrid in white, Barcelona in blue and garnet
LocationSpain
TeamsBarcelona
Real Madrid
First meetingFC Barcelona 3–1 Madrid FC
1902 Copa de la Coronación
(13 May 1902)
Latest meetingReal Madrid 3–1 Barcelona
La Liga
(16 October 2022)
Next meetingBarcelona v Real Madrid
La Liga
(19 March 2023)
StadiumsCamp Nou (Barcelona)
Santiago Bernabéu (Real Madrid)
Statistics
Meetings totalCompetitive matches: 250
Exhibition matches: 34
Total matches: 284
Most winsCompetitive matches: Real Madrid (101)
Exhibition matches: Barcelona (20)
Total matches: Barcelona (117)
Most player appearancesLionel Messi
Sergio Ramos
(45 each)
Top scorerLionel Messi (26)[note 1]
Largest victoryReal Madrid 11–1 Barcelona
Copa del Rey
(19 June 1943)

The rivalry comes about as Madrid and Barcelona are the two largest cities in Spain, and they are sometimes identified with opposing political positions, with Real Madrid viewed as representing Spanish nationalism and Barcelona viewed as representing Catalan nationalism.[8][9] The rivalry is regarded as one of the biggest in world sport.[10][11][12] The two clubs are among the richest and most successful football clubs in the world; in 2014 Forbes ranked Barcelona and Real Madrid the world's two most valuable sports teams.[4] Both clubs have a global fanbase; they are the world's two most followed sports teams on social media.[13][14]

Real Madrid leads in head-to-head results in competitive matches with 101 wins to Barcelona's 97 with 52 draws; Barcelona leads in exhibition matches with 20 victories to Madrid's 4 with 10 draws and in total matches with 117 wins to Madrid's 105 with 62 draws as of the match played on 16 October 2022. Along with Athletic Bilbao, they are the only clubs in La Liga to have never been relegated.

Rivalry

History
Santiago Bernabéu. The home fans are displaying the white of Real Madrid before El Clásico. Spanish flags are also a common sight at Real Madrid games.
Camp Nou. The home fans of FC Barcelona are creating a mosaic of the Catalan flag before El Clasico. The top right corner of the club's crest also features a Catalan flag.

The conflict between Real Madrid and Barcelona has long surpassed the sporting dimension,[15][16] so much that elections to the clubs' presidencies have been strongly politicized.[17] Phil Ball, the author of Morbo: The Story of Spanish Football, says about the match; "they hate each other with an intensity that can truly shock the outsider".[18]

As early as the 1930s, Barcelona "had developed a reputation as a symbol of Catalan identity, opposed to the centralising tendencies of Madrid".[19][20] In 1936, when Francisco Franco started the coup d'état against the democratic Second Spanish Republic, the president of Barcelona, Josep Sunyol, member of the Republican Left of Catalonia and Deputy to The Cortes, was arrested and executed without trial by Franco's troops[17] (Sunyol was exercising his political activities, visiting Republican troops north of Madrid).[19] During the dictatorships of Miguel Primo de Rivera and especially Francisco Franco, all regional languages and identities in Spain were frowned upon and restrained. As such, most citizens of Barcelona were in strong opposition to the fascist-like regime. In this period, Barcelona gained their motto Més que un club (English: More than a club) because of its alleged connection to Catalan nationalist as well as to progressive beliefs.[21]

There's an ongoing controversy as to what extent Franco's rule (1939–75) influenced the activities and on-pitch results of both Barcelona and Real Madrid. Fans of both clubs tend to exaggerate the myths favouring their narratives. Most historians agree than Franco did not have a preferred football team, but his Spanish nationalist beliefs led him to associate himself with the establishment teams, such as Atlético Aviación and Madrid FC (that recovered its royal name after the fall of the Republic). On the other hand, he also wanted the renamed CF Barcelona succeed as "Spanish team" rather than a Catalan one. During the early years of Franco's rule, Real Madrid weren't particularly successful, winning two Copa del Generalísimo titles and a Copa Eva Duarte; Barcelona claimed three league titles, one Copa del Generalísimo and one Copa Eva Duarte. During that period, Atlético Aviación were believed to be the preferred team over Real Madrid. The most contested stories of the period include Real Madrid's 11–1 home win against Barcelona in the Copa del Generalísimo, where the Catalan team alleged intimidation, and the controversial transfer of Alfredo Di Stéfano to Real Madrid despite his agreement with Barcelona. The latter transfer was part of Real Madrid chairman Santiago Bernabéu's "revolution" that ushered in the era of unprecedented dominance. Bernabéu, himself a veteran of the Civil War who fought for Franco's forces, saw Real Madrid on top not only of Spanish but also European football, helping create the European Cup, the first true competition for Europe's best club sides. His vision was fulfilled when Real Madrid not only started winning consecutive league titles but also swept the first five editions of the European Cup in the 1950s.[22] These events had a profound impact on Spanish football and influenced Franco's attitude. According to historians, during this time he realized the importance of Real Madrid for his regime's international image, and the club became his preferred team until his death. Fernando Maria Castiella, who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs under Franco from 1957 until 1969, noted that "[Real Madrid] is the best embassy we have ever had." Franco died in 1975, and the Spanish transition to democracy soon followed. Under his rule, Real Madrid had won 14 league titles, 6 Copa del Generalísimo titles, 1 Copa Eva Duarte, 6 European Cups, 2 Latin Cups and 1 Intercontinental Cup. In the same period, Barcelona had won 8 league titles, 9 Copa del Generalísimo titles, 3 Copa Eva Duarte titles, 3 Inter-Cities Fairs Cups and 2 Latin Cups.[23][24]

The image for both clubs was further affected by the creation of Ultras groups, some of which became hooligans. In 1980, Ultras Sur was founded as a far-right-leaning Real Madrid ultras group, followed in 1981 by the foundation of the initially left-leaning and later on far-right, Barcelona ultras group Boixos Nois. Both groups became known for their violent acts,[17][25][26] and one of the most conflictive factions of Barcelona supporters, the Casuals, became a full-fledged criminal organisation.[27]

For many people, Barcelona is still considered as "the rebellious club", or the alternative pole to "Real Madrid's conservatism".[28][29] According to polls released by CIS (Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas), Real Madrid is the favorite team of most of the Spanish residents, while Barcelona stands in the second position. In Catalonia, forces of all the political spectrum are overwhelmingly in favour of Barcelona. Nevertheless, the support of the blaugrana club goes far beyond from that region, earning its best results among young people, sustainers of a federal structure of Spain and citizens with left-wing ideology, in contrast with Real Madrid fans which politically tend to adopt right-wing views.[30][31]

1943 Copa del Generalísimo semi-finals

On 13 June 1943, Real Madrid beat Barcelona 11–1 at the Chamartín in the second leg of the Copa del Generalísimo semi-finals (the Copa del Presidente de la República[32] having been renamed in honour of General Franco).[33] The first leg, played at the Les Corts in Catalonia, had ended with Barcelona winning 3–0. Madrid complained about all the three goals that referee Fombona Fernández had allowed for Barcelona,[34] with the home supporters also whistling Madrid throughout, whom they accused of employing roughhouse tactics, and Fombona for allowing them to. Barça’s Josep Escolà was stretchered off in the first half with José María Querejeta’s stud marks in his stomach. A campaign began in Madrid. The newspaper Ya reported the whistling as a "clear intention to attack the representatives of Spain."[35] Barcelona player Josep Valle recalled: "The press officer at the DND and ABC newspaper wrote all sorts of scurrilous lies, really terrible things, winding up the Madrid fans like never before". Former Real Madrid goalkeeper Eduardo Teus, who admitted that Madrid had "above all played hard", wrote in a newspaper: "the ground itself made Madrid concede two of the three goals, goals that were totally unfair".[36]

Barcelona fans were banned from traveling to Madrid. Real Madrid released a statement after the match which former club president Ramón Mendoza explained, "The message got through that those fans who wanted to could go to El Club bar on Calle de la Victoria where Madrid's social center was. There, they were given a whistle. Others had whistles handed to them with their tickets." The day of the second leg, the Barcelona team were insulted and stones were thrown at their bus as soon as they left their hotel. Barcelona's striker Mariano Gonzalvo said of the incident, "Five minutes before the game had started, our penalty area was already full of coins." Barcelona goalkeeper Lluis Miró rarely approached his line—when he did, he was armed with stones. As Francisco Calvet told the story, "They were shouting: Reds! Separatists!... a bottle just missed Sospedra that would have killed him if it had hit him. It was all set up."[37]

Real Madrid went 2–0 up within half an hour. The third goal brought with it a sending off for Barcelona's Benito García after he made what Calvet claimed was a "completely normal tackle". Madrid's José Llopis Corona recalled, "At which point, they got a bit demoralized," while Ángel Mur countered, "at which point, we thought: 'go on then, score as many as you want'." Madrid scored in minutes 31', 33', 35', 39', 43' and 44', as well as two goals ruled out for offside, made it 8–0. Juan Samaranch wrote: "In that atmosphere and with a referee who wanted to avoid any complications, it was humanly impossible to play... If the azulgranas had played badly, really badly, the scoreboard would still not have reached that astronomical figure. The point is that they did not play at all."[38] Both clubs were fined 2,500 pesetas by the Royal Spanish Football Federation and, although Barcelona appealed, it made no difference. Piñeyro resigned in protest, complaining of "a campaign that the press has run against Barcelona for a week and which culminated in the shameful day at Chamartín".[39][40]

The match report in the newspaper La Prensa described Barcelona's only goal as a "reminder that there was a team there who knew how to play football and that if they did not do so that afternoon, it was not exactly their fault".[41] Another newspaper called the scoreline "as absurd as it was abnormal".[34] According to football writer Sid Lowe, "There have been relatively few mentions of the game [since] and it is not a result that has been particularly celebrated in Madrid. Indeed, the 11–1 occupies a far more prominent place in Barcelona's history. This was the game that first formed the identification of Madrid as the team of the dictatorship and Barcelona as its victims."[34] Fernando Argila, Barcelona's reserve goalkeeper from the game, said, "There was no rivalry. Not, at least, until that game."[42]

Di Stéfano transfer
Alfredo Di Stéfano's controversial 1953 transfer to Real Madrid instead of Barcelona intensified the rivalry.

The rivalry was intensified during the 1950s when the clubs disputed the signing of Alfredo Di Stéfano. Di Stéfano had impressed both Barcelona and Real Madrid while playing for Los Millionarios in Bogotá, Colombia, during a players' strike in his native Argentina. Soon after Millonarios' return to Colombia, Barcelona directors visited Buenos Aires and agreed with River Plate, the last FIFA-affiliated team to have held Di Stéfano's rights, for his transfer in 1954 for the equivalent of 150 million Italian lira ($200,000 according to other sources). This started a battle between the two Spanish rivals for his rights.[43] FIFA appointed Armando Muñoz Calero, former president of the Spanish Football Federation as mediator. Calero decided to let Di Stéfano play the 1953–54 and 1955–56 seasons in Madrid, and the 1954–55 and 1956–57 seasons in Barcelona.[44][45] The agreement was approved by the Football Association and their respective clubs. Although the Catalans agreed, the decision created various discontent among the Blaugrana members and the president was forced to resign in September 1953. Barcelona sold Madrid their half-share, and Di Stéfano moved to Los Blancos, signing a four-year contract. Real paid 5.5 million Spanish pesetas for the transfer, plus a 1.3 million bonus for the purchase, an annual fee to be paid to the Millonarios, and a 16,000 salary for Di Stéfano with a bonus double that of his teammates, for a total of 40% of the annual revenue of the Madrid club.[45]

Di Stéfano became integral in the subsequent success achieved by Real Madrid, scoring twice in his first game against Barcelona. With him, Madrid won the first five editions of the European Cup.[46] The 1960s saw the rivalry reach the European stage when Real Madrid and Barcelona met twice in the European Cup, with Madrid triumphing en route to their fifth consecutive title in 1959–60 and Barcelona prevailing en route to losing the final in 1960–61.

Luís Figo transfer
Luís Figo's transfer from Barcelona to Real Madrid in 2000 resulted in a hate campaign by some of his former club's fans.

In 2000, Real Madrid's then-presidential candidate, Florentino Pérez, offered Barcelona's vice-captain Luís Figo $2.4 million to sign an agreement binding him to Madrid if he won the elections. If the player broke the deal, he would have to pay Pérez $30 million in compensation. When his agent confirmed the deal, Figo denied everything, insisting, "I'll stay at Barcelona whether Pérez wins or loses." He accused the presidential candidate of "lying" and "fantasizing". He told Barcelona teammates Luis Enrique and Pep Guardiola he was not leaving and they conveyed the message to the Barcelona squad.[47]

On 9 July, Sport ran an interview in which he said, "I want to send a message of calm to Barcelona's fans, for whom I always have and always will feel great affection. I want to assure them that Luís Figo will, with absolute certainty, be at the Camp Nou on the 24th to start the new season... I've not signed a pre-contract with a presidential candidate at Real Madrid. No. I'm not so mad as to do a thing like that."[47]

The only way Barcelona could prevent Figo's transfer to Real Madrid was to pay the penalty clause, $30 million. That would have effectively meant paying the fifth highest transfer fee in history to sign their own player. Barcelona's new president, Joan Gaspart, called the media and told them, "Today, Figo gave me the impression that he wanted to do two things: get richer and stay at Barça." Only one of them happened. The following day, 24 July, Figo was presented in Madrid and handed his new shirt by Alfredo Di Stéfano. His buyout clause was set at $180 million. Gaspart later admitted, "Figo's move destroyed us."[48]

On his return to Barcelona in a Real Madrid shirt, banners with "Judas", "Scum" and "Mercenary" were hung around the stadium. Thousands of fake 10,000 peseta notes had been printed and emblazoned with his image, were among the missiles of oranges, bottles, cigarette lighters, even a couple of mobile phones were thrown at him.[49] In his third season with Real Madrid, the 2002 Clásico at Camp Nou produced one of the defining images of the rivalry. Figo was mercilessly taunted throughout; missiles of coins, a knife, a whisky bottle, were raining down from the stands, mostly from areas populated by the Boixos Nois where he had been taking a corner. Among the debris was a pig's head.[50][51]

Recent issues
In 2005, Ronaldinho became the second Barcelona player, after Diego Maradona in 1983, to receive a standing ovation from Real Madrid fans at the Santiago Bernabéu.

During the last three decades, the rivalry has been augmented by the modern Spanish tradition of the pasillo, where one team is given the guard of honor by the other team, once the former clinches the La Liga trophy before El Clásico takes place. This has happened in three occasions. First, during El Clásico that took place on 30 April 1988, where Real Madrid won the championship on the previous round. Then, three years later, when Barcelona won the championship two rounds before El Clásico on 8 June 1991.[52] The last pasillo, and most recent, took place on 7 May 2008, and this time Real Madrid had won the championship.[53] In May 2018, Real Madrid refused to perform pasillo to Barcelona even though the latter had already wrapped up the championship a round prior to their meeting.[54] Real Madrid's coach at the time, Zinedine Zidane, reasoned that Barcelona also refused to perform it five months earlier, on 23 December 2017, when Real Madrid were the FIFA Club World Cup champions.[55]

The two teams met again in the UEFA Champions League semi-finals in 2002, with Real winning 2–0 in Barcelona and drawing 1–1 in Madrid, resulting in a 3–1 aggregate win for Los Blancos. The tie was dubbed by Spanish media as the "Match of the Century".[56]

While El Clásico is regarded as one of the fiercest rivalries in world football, there have been rare moments when fans have shown praise for a player on the opposing team. In 1980, Laurie Cunningham was the first Real Madrid player to receive applause from Barcelona fans at Camp Nou; after excelling during the match, and with Madrid winning 2–0, Cunningham left the field to a standing ovation from the locals.[57][58] On 26 June 1983, during the second leg of the Copa de la Liga final at the Santiago Bernabéu in Madrid, having dribbled past the Real Madrid goalkeeper, Barcelona star Diego Maradona ran towards an empty goal before stopping just as the Madrid defender came sliding in an attempt to block the shot and crashed into the post, before Maradona slotted the ball into the net.[57] The manner of Maradona's goal led to many Madrid fans inside the stadium start applauding.[57][59] In November 2005, Ronaldinho became the second Barcelona player to receive a standing ovation from Madrid fans at the Santiago Bernabéu.[57] After dribbling through the Madrid defence twice to score two goals in a 3–0 win, Madrid fans paid homage to his performance with applause.[60][61] On 21 November 2015, Andrés Iniesta became the third Barcelona player to receive applause from Real Madrid fans while he was substituted during a 4–0 away win, with Iniesta scoring Barça's third. He was already a popular figure throughout Spain for scoring the nation's World Cup winning goal in 2010.[62]

Barcelona's Lionel Messi and Real Madrid midfielder Lassana Diarra in December 2011.

A 2007 survey by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas showed that 32% of the Spanish population supported Real Madrid, while 25% supported Barcelona. In third place came Valencia, with 5%.[63] According to an Ikerfel poll in 2011, Barcelona is the most popular team in Spain with 44% of preferences, while Real Madrid is second with 37%. Atlético Madrid, Valencia and Athletic Bilbao complete the top five.[64]

The rivalry intensified in 2011, when Barcelona and Real Madrid were scheduled to meet each other four times in 18 days, including the Copa Del Rey final and UEFA Champions League semi-finals. Several accusations of unsportsmanlike behaviour from both teams and a war of words erupted throughout the fixtures which included four red cards. Spain national team coach Vicente del Bosque stated that he was "concerned" that due to the rising hatred between the two clubs, that this could cause friction in the Spain team.[65]

A fixture known for its intensity and indiscipline, it has also featured memorable goal celebrations from both teams, often involving mocking the opposition.[6] In October 1999, Real Madrid forward Raúl silenced 100,000 Barcelona fans at the Camp Nou when he scored before he celebrated by putting a finger to his lips as if telling the crowd to be quiet.[6][66] In 2009 Barcelona captain Carles Puyol kissed his Catalan armband in front of Madrid fans at the Bernabéu.[6] Cristiano Ronaldo twice gestured to the hostile crowd to "calm down" after scoring against Barcelona at the Camp Nou in 2012 and 2016.[6] In April 2017, Messi celebrated his 93rd-minute winner for Barcelona against Real Madrid at the Bernabéu by taking off his Barcelona shirt and holding it up to incensed Real Madrid fans – with his name and number facing them.[6] Later that year, in August, Ronaldo was subbed on in the first leg of the Supercopa de España, proceeded to score in the 80th minute and took his shirt off before holding it up to Barça's fans with his name and number facing them.[67]

The passion of the rivalry has extended to women's football, although Real Madrid Femenino was only formed officially in 2020 whereas FC Barcelona Femení is 30 years older and had been one of the country's leading clubs for much of that time. The second leg of the UEFA Women's Champions League quarter-finals between the clubs at Camp Nou on 30 March 2022 was attended by 91,553 spectators; at the time, this was the largest known attendance for a women's football match since the 1971 Mexico–Denmark game (110,000).[68][69][70][71] Reigning continental champions Barça won 5–2 on the day and 8–3 on aggregate.[71] The attendance was later surpassed in the semi-finals match between Barcelona and VfL Wolfsburg.[68]

Player rivalries

László Kubala and Alfredo Di Stéfano
László Kubala and Alfredo Di Stéfano

Until the early 1950s, Real Madrid was not a regular title contender in Spain, having won only two Primera División titles between 1929 and 1953.[72] However, things changed for Real after the arrival of Alfredo Di Stéfano in 1953, Paco Gento in the same year, Raymond Kopa in 1956, and Ferenc Puskás in 1958. Real Madrid's strength increased in this period until the team dominated Spain and Europe, while Barcelona relied on its Hungarian star László Kubala and Luis Suárez, who joined in 1955 in addition to the Hungarian players Sándor Kocsis and Zoltán Czibor and the Brazilian Evaristo. With the arrival of Kubala and Di Stéfano, Barcelona and Real Madrid became among the most important European clubs in those years, and the players represented the turning point in the history of their teams.[73][74][75]

With Kubala and Di Stéfano, a rivalry was born, but it would still take a long time to become what it is today.[76] This period was characterized by the abundance of matches in different tournaments, as they faced each other in all the tournaments available at the time, especially at the European level, where they met twice in two consecutive seasons. In their period, El Clásico was played 26 times: Real won 13 matches, Barcelona 10 matches, and 3 ended in a draw. Di Stéfano scored 14 and Kubala scored 4 goals in those matches.

Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi
Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi in the 2011–12 season

The rivalry between Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo between 2009 and 2018 has been the most competitive in El Clásico history, with both players being their clubs' all-time top scorers. In their period, many records were broken for both clubs; the two players alternated as top scorers in La Liga and the Champions League during most seasons while they were with Real Madrid and Barcelona.[77] During this period, Ronaldo won the European Golden Shoe three times, while Messi won it five times. In addition, they won the Ballon d'Or four times each.[78]

During the nine years they played together in Spain, the two players scored a total of 922 goals, including 38 goals in El Clásico matches, 20 scored by Messi and 18 by Ronaldo. As of 2022, Ronaldo is the all-time top scorer in the UEFA Champions League, followed by Messi in the second place.[79] In addition, Messi is the all-time top scorer of La Liga, and Ronaldo is ranked second. Both players contributed to their club's record for the most points in La Liga history, with 100 points in the 2011–12 and 2012–13 seasons, respectively.

The Messi–Ronaldo rivalry was characterized by a lot of goals scored by both players, in addition to many domestic and European titles that they were a major reason for achieving them. In their period, they contributed to the dominance of their clubs in Europe, as they won six Champions League titles in eight seasons, including five consecutive seasons between 2014 and 2018.[80] In El Clásico matches, Messi has scored 26 goals in his career which is a record. Ronaldo has scored 18, which is the joint second most in the fixture's history alongside Di Stéfano. Ronaldo, on the other hand, has a slight advantage in terms of minutes per goal ratio, scoring a goal for every 141 minutes played in El Clásico matches. Only slightly behind is Messi, scoring a goal every 151.54 minutes.[81]

In their period, the rivalry between Real Madrid and Barcelona has been encapsulated by the rivalry between Ronaldo and Messi.[82] Following the star signings of Neymar and Luis Suárez by Barcelona, and Gareth Bale and Karim Benzema by Real, the rivalry was expanded to a battle of the clubs' attacking trios, nicknamed "BBC" (Bale, Benzema, Cristiano) and "MSN" (Messi, Suárez, Neymar).[83] Ronaldo left Real for Juventus in 2018, and in the week prior to the first meeting of the teams in the 2018–19 La Liga, Messi sustained an arm injury ruling him out of the match. It would be the first time since 2007 that the Clásico had featured neither player, with some in the media describing it as the 'end of an era'.[84][85] Barcelona won the match 5–1.[86]

Statistics

Matches summary
As of 16 October 2022
Matches Wins Draws Goals Home wins Home draws Away wins Other venue wins
RMA BAR RMA BAR RMA BAR RMA BAR RMA BAR RMA BAR
La Liga 18577733529829655501520222300
Copa de la Coronación[lower-alpha 1] 10101300000001
Copa del Rey 35121586567575335[lower-alpha 2]43
Copa de la Liga 602481301220100
Supercopa de España 15942332064112010
UEFA Champions League 8323131011212100
All competitions 250101975241840967632527293054
Exhibition games 34420104384211460623
All matches 2841051176246149369742933293677
  1. Although not recognized by the current Royal Spanish Football Federation as an official match, it is still considered a competitive match between Barcelona and Real Madrid by statistics sources[87] and the media.[88]
  2. Not including the 1968 Copa del Generalísimo Final, which was held at Santiago Bernabéu and won by Barcelona, as it was technically a neutral venue.

Head-to-head ranking in La Liga (1929–2022)
P. 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8
9 9 9 9 9
10 10
11 11
12 12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
  • Total: Real Madrid with 47 higher finishes, Barcelona with 44 higher finishes (as of the end of the 2021–22 season).
  • The biggest difference in positions for Real Madrid from Barcelona is 10 places in the 1941–42 season; the biggest difference in positions for Barcelona from Real Madrid is 10 places in the 1947–48 season.

Hat-tricks

As of 20 March 2022, 21 different players have scored a hat-trick in official El Clásico matches. 14 of the 25 hat-tricks came from Real Madrid players.

No. PlayerForScoreDateCompetitionStadium
1. Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid 4–1 (H) 2 April 1916 1916 Copa del Rey Campo de O'Donnell (Atlético Madrid)
2. Luis Belaunde Real Madrid 6–6 (N) 13 April 1916 1916 Copa del Rey Campo de O'Donnell (Atlético Madrid)
3. Paulino Alcántara Barcelona 6–6 (N) 13 April 1916 1916 Copa del Rey Campo de O'Donnell (Atlético Madrid)
4. Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid 6–6 (N) 13 April 1916 1916 Copa del Rey Campo de O'Donnell (Atlético Madrid)
5. Josep Samitier Barcelona 1–5 (A) 18 April 1926 1926 Copa del Rey Estadio Chamartín
6. Jaime Lazcano Real Madrid 5–1 (H) 30 March 1930 1929–30 La Liga Estadio Chamartín
7. Jaime Lazcano Real Madrid 8–2 (H) 3 February 1935 1934–35 La Liga Estadio Chamartín
8. Ildefonso Sañudo4 Real Madrid 8–2 (H) 3 February 1935 1934–35 La Liga Estadio Chamartín
9. Martí Ventolrà4 Barcelona 5–0 (H) 21 April 1935 1934–35 La Liga Camp de Les Corts
10. Pruden Real Madrid 11–1 (H) 13 June 1943 1943 Copa del Generalísimo Estadio Chamartín
11. Sabino Barinaga4 Real Madrid 11–1 (H) 13 June 1943 1943 Copa del Generalísimo Estadio Chamartín
12. Pahiño[89][90] Real Madrid 6–1 (H) 18 September 1949 1949–50 La Liga Estadio Chamartín
13. Jesús Narro Real Madrid 4–1 (H) 14 January 1951 1950–51 La Liga Estadio Chamartín
14. César Rodríguez Barcelona 4–2 (H) 2 March 1952 1951–52 La Liga Camp de Les Corts
15. Eulogio Martínez4 Barcelona 6–1 (H) 19 May 1957 1957 Copa del Generalísimo Camp de Les Corts
16. Evaristo Barcelona 4–0 (H) 26 October 1958 1958–59 La Liga Camp Nou
17. Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 1–5 (A) 27 January 1963 1962–63 La Liga Camp Nou
18. Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 4–0 (H) 30 March 1964 1963–64 La Liga Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
19. Amancio Real Madrid 4–1 (H) 8 November 1964 1964–65 La Liga Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
20. Gary Lineker Barcelona 3–2 (H) 31 January 1987 1986–87 La Liga Camp Nou
21. Romário Barcelona 5–0 (H) 8 January 1994 1993–94 La Liga Camp Nou
22. Iván Zamorano Real Madrid 5–0 (H) 7 January 1995 1994–95 La Liga Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
23. Lionel Messi Barcelona 3–3 (H) 10 March 2007 2006–07 La Liga Camp Nou
24. Lionel Messi Barcelona 3–4 (A) 23 March 2014 2013–14 La Liga Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
25. Luis Suárez Barcelona 5–1 (H) 28 October 2018 2018–19 La Liga Camp Nou

Notes

  • 4 = 4 goals scored; (H) = Home, (A) = Away, (N) = Neutral location; home team score listed first.
  • Not including friendly matches.

Stadiums
As of 16 October 2022

Since the first match in 1902, the official Clásico matches have been held at thirteen stadiums, twelve of those in Spain. The following table shows the details of the stadiums that hosted the Clásico.[91] The following table does not include other stadiums that hosted the friendly matches.

El Clásico stadiums
Stadium Owner Results Notes Honours
RMA Draws BAR
Hipódromo de la Castellana Community of Madrid 0 0 1 The first match in El Clásico's history was played on 13 May 1902 at the old horse racing track in Madrid. The occasion was the semi-final round of the Copa de la Coronación ("Coronation Cup") in honor of Alfonso XIII, the first official tournament ever played in Spain. Copa de la Coronación (1)
Total: 1
Camp del carrer Muntaner Espanyol 0 0 1 Although it was Espanyol's stadium at the time, it hosted the first leg of the 1916 Copa del Rey semi-finals. Copa del Rey (1)
Total: 1
Campo de O'Donnell Atlético Madrid 2 1 0 The official stadium of Atlético Madrid (1913–1923), where three matches were held to determine the qualification for the Copa del Rey final in 1916. It should not be confused with the Real Madrid stadium at that time of the same name. Copa del Rey (3)
Total: 3
Chamartín Real Madrid 12 1 4 The official stadium of Real Madrid (1924–1946). Copa del Rey/Copa del Generalísimo (2)
La Liga (15)
Total: 17
Camp de Les Corts Barcelona 7 5 18 The official stadium of Barcelona (1922–1957), where the first El Clásico match in La Liga history was held. Copa del Rey/Copa del Generalísimo (4)
La Liga (26)
Total: 30
Mestalla Valencia 3 0 1 The official stadium of Valencia (1923–present), where Real Madrid and Barcelona faced each other in four Copa del Rey finals: 1936, 1990, 2011 and 2014. Copa del Rey/Copa del Presidente de la República (4)
Total: 4
Metropolitano de Madrid Atlético Madrid 1 1 0 The official stadium of Atlético Madrid (1923–1936, 1943–1966), which hosted two league matches when Real Madrid temporarily used it as their home stadium in the 1946–47 season and the first half of the 1947–48 season, while the club was facilitating the construction of the Estadio Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (now Santiago Bernabeu) and the subsequent move there. La Liga (2)
Total: 2
Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid 51 22 27 The official stadium of Real Madrid (1947–present), it hosted more El Clásico matches than any other stadium so far. La Liga (75)
Copa del Rey/Copa del Generalísimo (11)
Copa de la Liga (3)
Supercopa de España (7)
European Cup/Champions League (4)
Total: 100
Camp Nou Barcelona 22 22 44 The official stadium of Barcelona (1958–present). La Liga (66)
Copa del Rey/Copa del Generalísimo (8)
Copa de la Liga (3)
Supercopa de España (7)
European Cup/Champions League (4)
Total: 88
Vicente Calderón Atlético Madrid 1 0 0 The official stadium of Atlético Madrid (1966–2017), where the 1974 Copa del Generalísimo Final was held. Copa del Generalísimo (1)
Total: 1
La Romareda Real Zaragoza 0 0 1 The official stadium of Real Zaragoza (1957–present), where the 1983 Copa del Rey Final was held. Copa del Rey (1)
Total: 1
Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 1 0 0 Real Madrid's temporary stadium (2020–2021), which the club used due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to facilitate the ongoing renovations of the Santiago Bernabéu. La Liga (1)
Total: 1
King Fahd International Stadium Government of Saudi Arabia 1 0 0 The first stadium outside of Spain to host an El Clásico match, as part of the 2021–22 Supercopa de España. Supercopa de España (1)
Total: 1

Honours

The rivalry reflected in El Clásico matches comes about as Barcelona and Real Madrid are the most successful football clubs in Spain. As seen below, Real Madrid leads Barcelona 99 to 97 in terms of official overall trophies.[92] While the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup is recognised as the predecessor to the UEFA Cup, and the Latin Cup is recognised as one of the predecessors of the European Cup, both were not organised by UEFA. Consequently, UEFA does not consider clubs' records in the Fairs Cup nor Latin Cup to be part of their European record.[93] However, FIFA does view the competitions as a major honour.[94][95] The one-off Ibero-American Cup was later recognised as an official tournament organised by CONMEBOL and the Royal Spanish Football Federation.[96]

Barcelona Competition Real Madrid
Domestic
26La Liga35
31Copa del Rey19
13Supercopa de España12
3Copa Eva Duarte (defunct)1
2Copa de la Liga (defunct)1
75Aggregate68
European and Worldwide
5UEFA Champions League14
4UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (defunct)—
—UEFA Europa League2
5UEFA Super Cup5
3Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (defunct)—
2Latin Cup (defunct)2
—Ibero-American Cup (defunct)1
—Intercontinental Cup (defunct)3
3FIFA Club World Cup4
22Aggregate31
97Total aggregate99

Records
  • Friendly matches are not included in the following records unless otherwise noted.

Biggest wins (5+ goals)
Winning margin Result Date Competition
10 Real Madrid 11–1 Barcelona 19 June 1943 Copa del Rey
6 Real Madrid 8–2 Barcelona 3 February 1935 La Liga
5 Barcelona 7–2 Real Madrid 24 September 1950
Barcelona 6–1 Real Madrid 19 May 1957 Copa del Rey
Real Madrid 6–1 Barcelona 18 September 1949 La Liga
Barcelona 5–0 Real Madrid 21 April 1935
Barcelona 5–0 Real Madrid 25 March 1945
Real Madrid 5–0 Barcelona 5 October 1953
Real Madrid 0–5 Barcelona 17 February 1974
Barcelona 5–0 Real Madrid 8 January 1994
Real Madrid 5–0 Barcelona 7 January 1995
Barcelona 5–0 Real Madrid 29 November 2010
Most consecutive wins
Games Club Period
7Real Madrid22 April 1962 – 28 February 1965
5Barcelona13 December 2008 – 29 November 2010
5Real Madrid1 March 2020 – 20 March 2022
Most consecutive draws
Games Period
311 September 1991 – 7 March 1992
31 May 2002 – 20 April 2003
Most consecutive matches without a draw
Games Period
1625 January 1948 – 21 November 1954
1523 November 1960 – 19 March 1967
124 December 1977 – 26 March 1983
1119 May 1957 – 27 April 1960
95 March 1933 – 28 January 1940
Longest undefeated runs
Games Club Period
8Real Madrid3 March 2001 – 6 December 2003
7Real Madrid31 January 1932 – 3 February 1935
7Real Madrid22 April 1962 – 18 February 1965
7Barcelona27 April 2011 – 25 January 2012
7Barcelona23 December 2017 – 18 December 2019
Longest undefeated runs in the league
Games Club Period
7
(5 wins)		Real Madrid31 January 1932 – 3 February 1935
7
(5 wins)		Barcelona13 December 2008 – 10 December 2011
7
(4 wins)		Barcelona3 December 2016 – 18 December 2019
6
(6 wins)		Real Madrid30 September 1962 – 28 February 1965
6
(4 wins)		Barcelona11 May 1997 – 13 October 1999
6
(3 wins)		Barcelona28 November 1971 – 17 February 1974
5
(4 wins)		Barcelona30 March 1947 – 15 January 1949
5
(4 wins)		Real Madrid18 December 2019 – 24 October 2021
5
(3 wins)		Barcelona11 May 1975 – 30 January 1977
5
(3 wins)		Real Madrid1 April 2006 – 7 May 2008
Most consecutive matches without conceding a goal
Games Club Period
5Barcelona3 April 1972 – 17 February 1974
3Real Madrid29 June 1974 – 11 May 1975
3Barcelona29 November 2009 – 29 November 2010
3Barcelona27 February 2019 – 18 December 2019
Most consecutive games scoring
Games Club Period
24Barcelona27 April 2011 – 13 August 2017
21Barcelona30 November 1980 – 31 January 1987
18Real Madrid3 May 2011 – 22 March 2015
13Real Madrid1 December 1946 – 23 November 1952
13Real Madrid15 February 1959 – 21 January 1962
13Real Madrid22 April 1962 – 9 April 1968
12Real Madrid5 December 1990 – 16 December 1993
10Barcelona11 September 1991 – 7 May 1994
10Barcelona30 January 1997 – 13 October 1999

Other records
  • Most common result: 2–1 (45 times)
  • Least common result: 11–1, 8–2, 7–2, 6–6, 6–2, 5–5 and 5–3 (once each)
  • Most common draw result: 1–1 (25 times)

Players
As of 16 October 2022

Goalscoring
Lionel Messi is the all-time top scorer in El Clásico history with 26 goals.
Top goalscorers
  • Players in bold are still active for Real Madrid or Barcelona.
  • Numbers in bold are the record for goals in the competition.
  • Does not include friendly matches.
RankPlayerClubLa LigaCopaSupercopaLeague CupEuropeTotal
1 Lionel Messi Barcelona 18 — 6 — 2 26
2 Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 14 2 — — 2 18
Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 9 5 4 — — 18
4 Raúl Real Madrid 11 — 3 — 1 15
5 César Barcelona 12 2 — — — 14
Francisco Gento Real Madrid 10 2 — — 2 14
Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 9 2 — — 3 14
8 Santillana Real Madrid 9 2 — 1 — 12
Karim Benzema Real Madrid 8 1 3 — — 12
10 Luis Suárez Barcelona 9 2 — — — 11
11 Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 8 — 2 — — 10
Juanito Real Madrid 8 — — 2[note 2] — 10
Josep Samitier Both clubs 4 6 — — — 10
14 Estanislao Basora Barcelona 8 1 — — — 9
15 Jaime Lazcano Real Madrid 8 — — — — 8
Pahíño Real Madrid 8 — — — — 8
Iván Zamorano Real Madrid 4 2 2 — — 8
Sabino Barinaga Real Madrid 4 4 — — — 8
Eulogio Martínez Barcelona 2 5 — — 1 8
Luis Suárez Barcelona 2 4 — — 2 8
Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid — 8 — — — 8
Consecutive goalscoring
Player Club Consecutive matches Total goals in the run Start End
Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 6 7 2011–12 Copa del Rey (quarter-finals 1st leg) 2012–13 La Liga (7th round)
Iván Zamorano Real Madrid 5 5 1992–93 La Liga (20th round) 1993 Supercopa de España (2nd leg)
Santiago Bernabéu Real Madrid 4 8 1916 Copa del Rey (semi-finals 1st leg) 1916 Copa del Rey (semi-finals 2nd replay)
Simón Lecue Real Madrid 4 5 1935–36 La Liga (7th round) 1939–40 La Liga (9th round)
Ronaldinho Barcelona 4 5 2004–05 La Liga (12th round) 2005–06 La Liga (31st round)
Giovanni Barcelona 4 4 1997 Supercopa de España (1st leg) 1997–98 La Liga (28th round)

Most appearances
Sergio Ramos has made the most appearances for Real Madrid in El Clásico, with 45.
  • Players in bold are still active for Real Madrid or Barcelona.[97]
Apps Player Club
45 Sergio Ramos Real Madrid
Lionel Messi Barcelona
44 Sergio Busquets Barcelona
42 Francisco Gento Real Madrid
Manuel Sanchís Real Madrid
Xavi Barcelona
40 Gerard Piqué[98] Barcelona
39 Karim Benzema Real Madrid
38 Andrés Iniesta Barcelona
37 Fernando Hierro Real Madrid
Raúl Real Madrid
Iker Casillas Real Madrid
35 Santillana Real Madrid
Most clean sheets
PlayerClubPeriodTotal
Víctor Valdés Barcelona 2002–2014 7
Andoni Zubizarreta Barcelona 1986–1994 6
Francisco Buyo Real Madrid 1986–1997 6
Iker Casillas Real Madrid 1999–2015 6
Consecutive clean sheets
Player Club Consecutive clean sheets Start End
Miguel Reina Barcelona 3 1971–72 La Liga (28th round) 1972–73 La Liga (22th round)
Víctor Valdés Barcelona 3 2009–10 La Liga (12th round) 2010–11 La Liga (13th round)
Marc-André ter Stegen Barcelona 3 2018–19 Copa del Rey (semi-finals 2nd leg) 2019–20 La Liga (10th round)

Other records
  • Most assists: 14 – Lionel Messi[99]
  • Most penalties scored: 6 – Lionel Messi
  • Most direct free kicks scored: 2
  • Most matches won: 21 – Francisco Gento[100]
  • Most matches lost: 20 – Sergio Ramos
  • Most hat-tricks: 2
    • Santiago Bernabéu (both in 1916 Copa del Rey)
    • Jaime Lazcano (1929–30 La Liga & 1934–35 La Liga)
    • Ferenc Puskás (1962–63 La Liga & 1963–64 La Liga)
    • Lionel Messi (2006–07 La Liga & 2013–14 La Liga)
  • Youngest scorer: 17 years, 356 days – Alfonso Navarro, 1946–47 La Liga, 30 March 1947
  • Oldest scorer: 37 years, 164 days – Alfredo Di Stéfano, 1963–64 La Liga, 15 December 1963
  • Fastest goal: 21 seconds – Karim Benzema, 2011–12 La Liga, 10 December 2011[101][102]
  • Fastest penalty scored: 2 minutes – Pirri, 1976–77 La Liga, 30 January 1977
  • Most different tournaments scored in: 4 – Pedro (La Liga, UEFA Champions League, Copa del Rey and Supercopa de España)
  • Most seasons scored in: 11 – Francisco Gento: (1954–55, 1958–59, 1959–60, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1965–66, 1967–68, 1968–69 and 1969–70)
  • Most goals in one season: 8 – Santiago Bernabéu (1915–16)
  • Most different stadiums scored in: 4

Managers
As of 16 October 2022

Most appearances
Rank Coach Nation Team Matches Years Competition(s) (matches)
1 Miguel Muñoz Spain Real Madrid 36 1960–1974 La Liga (27)
Copa del Rey (5)
European Cup (4)
2 Johan Cruyff  Netherlands Barcelona 25 1988–1996 La Liga (16)
Copa del Rey (3)
Supercopa de España (6)
3 José Mourinho  Portugal Real Madrid 17 2010–2013 La Liga (6)
Copa del Rey (5)
Supercopa de España (4)
UEFA Champions League (2)
4 Pep Guardiola  Spain Barcelona 15 2008–2012 La Liga (8)
Copa del Rey (3)
Supercopa de España (2)
UEFA Champions League (2)
5 Rinus Michels  Netherlands Barcelona 13 1971–1975
1976–1978		 La Liga (12)
Copa del Rey (1)
6 Terry Venables  England Barcelona 12 1984–1987 La Liga (8)
Copa de la Liga (4)
7 Leo Beenhakker  Netherlands Real Madrid 11 1986–1989
1992		 La Liga (9)
Supercopa de España (2)
Zinedine Zidane  France Real Madrid 2016–2018
2019–2021		 La Liga (9)
Supercopa de España (2)

Most wins
RankCoachClubPeriodWins
1 Miguel Muñoz Real Madrid 1960–1974 16
2 Johan Cruyff Barcelona 1988–1996 9
Pep Guardiola Barcelona 2008–2012
4 Terry Venables Barcelona 1984–1987 6
Zinedine Zidane Real Madrid 2016–2018
2019–2021

Personnel at both clubs

Players
Javier Saviola was the most recent player to transfer directly between the two rivals, in 2007.[103]
After signing for Barcelona in 2022, Marcos Alonso became the most recent player to play for both clubs.
Barcelona to Real Madrid
  • 1902: Alfonso Albéniz[note 3]
  • 1906: José Quirante[note 4]
  • 1908: Charles Wallace[note 5]
  • 1911: Arsenio Comamala
  • 1913: Walter Rozitsky
  • 1930: Ricardo Zamora (via Espanyol)
  • 1932: Josep Samitier
  • 1949: Joaquín Navarro (via Sabadell)[107]
  • 1950: Alfonso Navarro[note 6]
  • 1959: László Kaszás[note 7]
  • 1961: Justo Tejada
  • 1962: Evaristo
  • 1965: Fernand Goyvaerts
  • 1988: Bernd Schuster
  • 1990: Luis Milla
  • 1992: Nando Muñoz
  • 1994: Michael Laudrup
  • 1995: Miquel Soler (via Sevilla)
  • 2000: Luís Figo
  • 2000: Albert Celades (via Celta Vigo)
  • 2002: Ronaldo (via Inter Milan)
  • 2007: Javier Saviola
Real Madrid to Barcelona
From Barcelona to Real Madrid17
From Barcelona to another club before Real Madrid 5
Total 22
From Real Madrid to Barcelona 5
From Real Madrid to another club before Barcelona 10
Total 15
Total switches 37

Managers
Radomir Antić managed both clubs.

Only two coaches have been at the helm of both clubs:

See also
  • El Clásico (basketball)
  • Madrid Derby
  • Derbi barceloní
  • Major football rivalries
  • National and regional identity in Spain
  • Nationalism and sport
  • Sports rivalry

Notes
  1. Does not include a goal scored in the friendly 2017 International Champions Cup.
  2. Sharing record with Diego Maradona, Jorge Valdano and Paco Clos.
  3. Moved to Madrid for studying purposes and joined Real Madrid.[104]
  4. Only played for Real Madrid between 1906–1908 on loan from Barcelona, as he went to live in Madrid for working purposes.[105]
  5. Only played one game for Real Madrid in 1908 on loan from Barcelona, a common practice at the time when it was allowed to call up players from other teams. After that match, he continued to play for Barcelona.[106]
  6. He moved again from Real Madrid to Barcelona in 1954 (via Lleida, Osasuna and España Industrial).[108]
  7. Never played any official match for Barcelona or Real Madrid but signed with both teams.[109]
  8. Never played an official match for Barcelona.[110]
  9. Only played one match for Barcelona in the 1909 Copa del Rey on loan from Real Madrid, a common practice at the time when it was allowed to call up players from other teams. After that match, he continued to play for Real Madrid.[111]

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to El Clásico.
  • Ball, Phill (2003). Morbo: The Story of Spanish Football. WSC Books Limited. ISBN 0-9540134-6-8.
  • Farred, Grant (2008). Long distance love: a passion for football. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-59213-374-1.
  • Lowe, Sid (2013). Fear and Loathing in La Liga: Barcelona vs Real Madrid. Random House. ISBN 9780224091800.
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