Julian Castro

Castro[8] was born in San Antonio, Texas, the son of Maria "Rosie" Castro and Jessie Guzman.[9] He is the identical twin brother of current United States Representative Joaquin Castro;[8] Julián is one minute older than Joaquin: they were born at 2:40 and 2:41 am, respectively.[10]

Castro is of Mexican descent. His mother is a Chicana political activist who helped establish the Chicano political party La Raza Unida,[11] and who ran for the San Antonio City Council in 1971.[8] Castro once stated, "My mother is probably the biggest reason that my brother and I are in public service. Growing up, she would take us to a lot of rallies and organizational meetings and other things that are very boring for an 8-, 9-, 10-year-old".[12] His father, Jessie Guzman, is a retired mathematics teacher and political activist. Never married, Rosie and Jessie separated when Castro and his brother were eight years old.[11] Castro's Texan roots trace back to 1920, when his grandmother Victoria Castro joined extended family members there as a six-year-old orphan from northern Mexico.[8]

Castro attended Thomas Jefferson High School in San Antonio, where he played football, basketball and tennis; he also collected trading cards.[13] He skipped his sophomore year[14] and graduated in 1992,[15] ranking ninth in his class.[11] He had received an offer to play tennis at Trinity University, an NCAA Division III school in his hometown, but chose to attend Stanford University,[16] along with his twin brother Joaquin.

Castro graduated from Stanford in 1996 with a bachelor's degree in political science and communications. He said he began thinking about entering politics while at Stanford,[11] where he and his brother launched their first campaigns and won student senate seats, tying for the highest number of votes.[8] Castro has credited affirmative action for his admission into Stanford, telling The New York Times, "Joaquin and I got into Stanford because of affirmative action. I scored 1210 on my SATs, which was lower than the median matriculating student. But I did fine in college and in law school. So did Joaquin. I’m a strong supporter of affirmative action because I’ve seen it work in my own life".[17] Between his sophomore and junior years, Castro worked as an intern at the White House during the presidency of Bill Clinton.[18]

Castro entered Harvard Law School in 1997 and graduated with a Juris Doctor in 2000.[19][20] His brother graduated from both schools with him.[11] After law school, the two brothers worked for the law firm Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld before starting their own firm in 2005.[21]

In 2018, Castro was named as the Dean's Distinguished Fellow and Fellow of the Dávila Chair in International Trade Policy at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs.[22]

Julian Castro and his twin brother Representative Joaquin Castro at the LBJ Presidential Library.

Castro meets with U.S. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid on July 7, 2014

In 2001, Castro was elected to the San Antonio City Council, winning 61 percent of the vote against five challengers. At age 26 he was the youngest city councilman in San Antonio history, surpassing Henry Cisneros, who won his council seat in 1975 at age 27. Castro represented District 7, a precinct on the city's west side with 115,000 residents. The population was 70 percent Hispanic and included a large number of senior citizens.[23] As a councilman from 2001 to 2005, he opposed a PGA-approved golf course and large-scale real estate development on the city's outer rim.[24]

Castro ran for mayor of San Antonio in 2005 and was widely viewed as the front runner in a field that also included retired judge Phil Hardberger and conservative city councilman Carroll Schubert. He was defeated by approximately 4000 votes when Hardberger received 51.5% of the votes in the runoff.[25][26] Following his election defeat, Castro established his own law practice.[18]

Castro ran for mayor of San Antonio again in 2009. Castro hired Christian Archer, who had run Hardberger's campaign in 2005, to run his own 2009 campaign.[18] Castro won the election on May 9, 2009 with 56.23% of the vote, his closest opponent being Trish DeBerry-Mejia.[27] He became the fifth Latino mayor in the history of San Antonio. He was the youngest mayor of a top-50 American city.[28] Castro easily won re-election in 2011 and 2013, receiving 82.9% of the vote in 2011[29] and 67% of the vote in 2013.[30]

In 2010, Castro created SA2020, a community-wide visioning effort. It generated a list of goals created by the people of San Antonio based on their collective vision for San Antonio in the year 2020. SA2020 then became a nonprofit organization tasked with turning that vision into a reality.[31] Castro also established Cafe College in 2010, offering college guidance to San Antonio-area students. In 2012 he led a voter referendum to expand pre-kindergarten education.[28] Castro persuaded two of the most prominent businessmen in San Antonio, Charles Butt and Joe Robles, to lead an effort to pass a $30 million sales tax to fund the pre-kindergarten education program.[18]

In March 2010, Castro was named to the World Economic Forum's list of Young Global Leaders. Later that year, Time magazine placed him on its "40 under 40" list of rising stars in American politics.[32]

Castro gained national attention in 2012 when he was the first Hispanic to deliver the keynote address at a Democratic National Convention in Charlotte, North Carolina.[33][34] Following the 2012 elections, Castro declined the position of United States Secretary of Transportation, partly with an eye on running for governor of Texas after 2017.[18] However, in 2014, Castro accepted President Barack Obama's offer of the position of United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.[18] Castro resigned as mayor effective July 22, 2014, so that he could take up his duties in Washington. The San Antonio City Council elected councilmember Ivy Taylor to replace him.[35]

On May 22, 2014, the White House announced Castro as the nominee to be the next secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) by President Barack Obama. He was confirmed by the Senate on July 9, 2014 by a vote of 71-26 and replaced Shaun Donovan, who was nominated to be the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.[36] He took office on July 28, 2014.[37] Following the announcement, Castro was discussed as a potential nominee for vice president for the Democratic Party in the 2016 presidential election.[38][39]

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs William Hague meeting Castro in London in 2012

On July 28, 2014, his first day in office, Castro was honored at a reception called "Celebrating Latino Cabinet Members" hosted by the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute.[40]

Upon exiting office in 2017, Castro's final memo outlined various accomplishments of the department under his leadership.[41] These areas included HUD's work to stabilize the housing market, rebuild communities struck by natural disasters through a $1 billion National Disaster Resilience Competition, expansion of lead safety protections in federally assisted housing, and the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing rule to "finally fulfill the full obligation of the Fair Housing Act.[42]

In October 2018, Castro published his memoir, An Unlikely Journey: Waking Up from My American Dream through Little, Brown and Company.[48]

Julian Castro
Campaign	2020 United States presidential election (Democratic primaries)
Candidate	Julián Castro 16th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (2014–2017) Mayor of San Antonio, Texas (2009–2014)
Affiliation	Democratic Party
Announced	January 12, 2019
Suspended	January 2, 2020
Headquarters	San Antonio, Texas
Key people	Rep. Joaquin Castro (campaign chairman)[49] Maya Rupert (campaign manager)[49] Derek Eadon (deputy campaign manager)[49] Jennifer Fiore (communications advisor)[49] Scott Atlas (finance chairman)[49]
Receipts	US$10,264,312.76[50] (12/31/2019)
Slogan	One Nation. One Destiny.[51]
Website
www.julianforthefuture.com

In 2018, Castro visited the first in the nation New Hampshire primary state, and delivered the commencement address at New England College in Henniker, New Hampshire, on May 12, 2018. Castro stated that he would make his decision on whether to run in 2020 after the November 2018 mid-term elections.[52] On December 12, 2018, Castro announced the formation of an exploratory committee.[53][54] The next day, during an episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, Julián's brother Joaquin (during a joint appearance by both brothers) stated that he confidently believed that Julián will be running for president.[55]

Castro speaking to the California Democratic Party State Convention in June 2019.

Castro formally announced his candidacy for the 2020 presidential election on January 12, 2019 at a rally in San Antonio, TX.[56] His brother, Congressman Joaquín Castro, and their mother introduced him at the rally.[57] Castro would have been the first Democratic presidential nominee since 1924 to not have first served as vice president, governor or senator, and the first Hispanic or Latino nominee for president.[58][59][60] He was the first Texan in the 2020 race and would have been the third-youngest president if elected. In his announcement, Castro emphasized Medicare-For-All, universal pre-K, and a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants as part of comprehensive immigration reform.[61] In 2019, he purchased a Fox News ad in order to speak directly to Donald Trump about the El Paso shooting.[62] Despite referring to his healthcare plan as Medicare for All, his position was actually a public option rather than the single-payer plan proposed by Bernie Sanders and Pramila Jayapal.[63]

Castro's performance in the second night of the first debate was praised, with many pundits considering him to have been the "breakout star" of the night, and to have been one of the "winners" of the debate.[64][65][66][67]

During the third Democratic Presidential Debate, Castro was accused of ageism after he attacked Joe Biden in a heated exchange over health care plans with Castro taunting Biden saying "Are you forgetting what you just said two minutes ago", repeating it multiple times. Castro was rebuked for his remarks by various members of the candidates on stage including, Andrew Yang, Amy Klobuchar, and Pete Buttigieg.[68][69] Castro was widely criticized for what was seen as a "low blow", and with many accusing Castro of "bullying", and engaging in "ageism".[70][71][72] Journalist Gayle King saw the interaction as a "personal attack".[73] On The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, Stephen Colbert described the interaction as both "mean and inaccurate",[74] since Castro was factually incorrect in his attack against Biden according to Politifact.[75]

Many remarked that the exchange was the beginning of the end of Castro's presidential campaign.[76] Castro has defended his attack against Biden saying he "wouldn't do it differently" and insisted he wasn't making fun of Biden."[77]

Castro suspended his presidential campaign on January 2, 2020.[78] "¡Ganaremos un día!" he said in Spanish, which translates to "One day we'll win!"[79]

On January 6, 2020, Castro endorsed Elizabeth Warren.[7]

Castro campaigns alongside Elizabeth Warren for her presidential campaign in Marshalltown, Iowa on January 2, 2020

On January 6, 2020, Castro endorsed Senator Elizabeth Warren for president.[80] The next day, he gave a speech formally supporting Warren during her campaign rally in Brooklyn, New York.[81] Castro was a "partner" in Warren's presidential campaign[82] but she failed to win Texas.[83] Castro's political future is unknown. On June 2, 2020, he endorsed presumptive Democratic nominee Joe Biden.[84]

In September 2020, Castro partnered with Lemonada Media to launch "Our America with Julián Castro",[85] a weekly podcast discussing America’s past and possibilities.[86]

In October 2020, Castro joined the board of directors of the Center for American Progress, a center-left think tank founded by John Podesta.[87]

On July 12, 2021, Castro joined NBC News and MSNBC as a political commentator.[88]

In 2007, Castro married Erica Lira, an elementary school teacher. They had a daughter in 2009 and a son in December 2014.[11][111] He is Catholic.[112] He is not a native Spanish speaker, but he began learning the language in 2010 while serving as mayor of San Antonio. He also studied Latin and Japanese in school.[103][113]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Julian Castro.

Wikiquote has quotations related to Julian Castro.

• Julian Castro for President Archived January 2, 2020, at the Wayback Machine website
• "Our America with Julian Castro" podcast
• Julian Castro profile in the New York Times Magazine from May 2010
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission