List of The Open Championship champions
The Open Championship is an annual golf competition held in the United Kingdom that was established in 1860.[1] It is played on the weekend of the third Friday in July, and is the last of the four major championships to be played each year.[2] In addition, this championship is conducted by The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews (R&A). The championship was not held in 1871 due to a disagreement over a new trophy,[3] from 1915 to 1919 and from 1940 to 1945 due to the First and Second World Wars respectively, and in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[4]
![](../I/HarryVardon.jpg.webp)
The reigning champion of the competition is automatically invited to play in the other three majors (Masters, the U.S. Open, and the PGA Championship) for the next five years. The prize of the tournament is the Golf Champion Trophy, commonly known as the Claret Jug, and the champion personally keeps the trophy until the next competition the following year. The champion also receives a gold medal, which they are allowed to keep permanently. Until 1870 the champion received the Challenge Belt, however when Tom Morris Jr. (more commonly known as Young Tom Morris) won the Open Championship three times in a row he won the belt outright, necessitating the need for a new trophy.[3]
Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career.[5] The oldest winner of the Open Championship is Tom Morris Sr. (or Old Tom Morris) who was 46 years and 102 days old when he won in 1867. His son, Tom Morris Jr., is the youngest winner of the championship, he was 17 years and 156 days old when he won the 1868 Open Championship. He also won the most consecutive times with four victories (1868–1872). Henrik Stenson and Cameron Smith hold the distinction of being both the most strokes under par for 72 holes (−20),[lower-alpha 1] which they achieved in 2016 and 2022 respectively.[6] Stenson also recorded the lowest total score (264) when he won in 2016.[7] Smith is the current champion, winning the 2022 Open.[8]
Champions
(n/a) | Information not available |
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Tournament won in a playoff |
* | Tournament won by an amateur |
By year
![](../I/James_Braid_(golfer)_1913.jpg.webp)
![](../I/JohnHenryTaylor.jpg.webp)
![](../I/2008_Open_Championship_-_Tom_Watson.jpg.webp)
![](../I/Old_and_Young_Tom_Morris.jpg.webp)
Tom Morris Jr., four-time Open Champion in 1868, 1869, 1870, and 1872.
![](../I/Willie_Park_Senior_wearing_the_Championship_Belt.jpg.webp)
![](../I/Walter_Hagen_1914.png.webp)
![](../I/1880-82_Open_Champion_Bob_Ferguson.jpg.webp)
![](../I/BobbyJonesAge14.jpg.webp)
![](../I/Henry-Cotton_1931.jpg.webp)
![](../I/All_Black.jpg.webp)
![](../I/JackNicklaus.cropped.jpg.webp)
![](../I/Seve_Ballesteros_2006-07-19.jpg.webp)
![](../I/Nick_Faldo.jpg.webp)
![](../I/Tiger_Woods_drives_by_Allison.jpg.webp)
Year | Country | Champion | Course | Location | Total score | To par[lower-alpha 2] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1860 | ![]() |
Willie Park Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 174 | n/a |
1861 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 163 | n/a |
1862 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 163 | n/a |
1863 | ![]() |
Willie Park Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 168 | n/a |
1864 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 167 | n/a |
1865 | ![]() |
Andrew Strath | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 162 | n/a |
1866 | ![]() |
Willie Park Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 169 | n/a |
1867 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 170 | n/a |
1868 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Jr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 154 | n/a |
1869 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Jr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 157 | n/a |
1870 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Jr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 149 | n/a |
1871 | — | None[lower-alpha 3] | — | — | — | — |
1872 | ![]() |
Tom Morris Jr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 166 | n/a |
1873 | ![]() |
Tom Kidd | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 179 | n/a |
1874 | ![]() |
Mungo Park | Musselburgh Links | Musselburgh, Scotland | 159 | n/a |
1875 | ![]() |
Willie Park Sr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 166 | n/a |
1876 | ![]() |
Bob Martin![]() |
St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 176 | n/a |
1877 | ![]() |
Jamie Anderson | Musselburgh Links | Musselburgh, Scotland | 160 | n/a |
1878 | ![]() |
Jamie Anderson | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 157 | n/a |
1879 | ![]() |
Jamie Anderson | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 169 | n/a |
1880 | ![]() |
Bob Ferguson | Musselburgh Links | Musselburgh, Scotland | 162 | n/a |
1881 | ![]() |
Bob Ferguson | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 170 | n/a |
1882 | ![]() |
Bob Ferguson | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 171 | n/a |
1883 | ![]() |
Willie Fernie![]() |
Musselburgh Links | Musselburgh, Scotland | 159 | n/a |
1884 | ![]() |
Jack Simpson | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 160 | n/a |
1885 | ![]() |
Bob Martin | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 171 | n/a |
1886 | ![]() |
David Brown | Musselburgh Links | Musselburgh, Scotland | 157 | n/a |
1887 | ![]() |
Willie Park Jr. | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 161 | n/a |
1888 | ![]() |
Jack Burns | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 171 | n/a |
1889 | ![]() |
Willie Park Jr.![]() |
Musselburgh Links | Musselburgh, Scotland | 155 | n/a |
1890 | ![]() |
John Ball*[lower-alpha 7] | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 162 | n/a |
1891 | ![]() |
Hugh Kirkaldy | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 166 | n/a |
1892 | ![]() |
Harold Hilton*[lower-alpha 8] | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 305 | n/a |
1893 | ![]() |
William Auchterlonie | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 322 | n/a |
1894 | ![]() |
John Henry Taylor | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 326 | n/a |
1895 | ![]() |
John Henry Taylor | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 332 | n/a |
1896 | ![]() |
Harry Vardon![]() |
Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 316 | n/a |
1897 | ![]() |
Harold Hilton*[lower-alpha 8] | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 314 | n/a |
1898 | ![]() |
Harry Vardon | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 307 | n/a |
1899 | ![]() |
Harry Vardon | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 310 | n/a |
1900 | ![]() |
John Henry Taylor | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 309 | n/a |
1901 | ![]() |
James Braid | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 309 | n/a |
1902 | ![]() |
Sandy Herd | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 307 | n/a |
1903 | ![]() |
Harry Vardon | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 300 | n/a |
1904 | ![]() |
Jack White | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 296 | n/a |
1905 | ![]() |
James Braid | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 318 | n/a |
1906 | ![]() |
James Braid | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 300 | n/a |
1907 | ![]() |
Arnaud Massy | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 312 | n/a |
1908 | ![]() |
James Braid | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 291 | n/a |
1909 | ![]() |
John Henry Taylor | Royal Cinque Ports | Deal, England | 291 | n/a |
1910 | ![]() |
James Braid | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 299 | n/a |
1911 | ![]() |
Harry Vardon![]() |
Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 303 | n/a |
1912 | ![]() |
Ted Ray | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 295 | n/a |
1913 | ![]() |
John Henry Taylor | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 304 | n/a |
1914 | ![]() |
Harry Vardon | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 306 | n/a |
1915 | — | None[lower-alpha 11] | — | — | — | — |
1916 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1917 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1918 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1919 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1920 | ![]() |
George Duncan | Royal Cinque Ports | Deal, England | 303 | +15 |
1921 | ![]() |
Jock Hutchison![]() |
St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 296 | +8 |
1922 | ![]() |
Walter Hagen | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 300 | +20 |
1923 | ![]() |
Arthur Havers | Troon | Troon, Scotland | 295 | +7 |
1924 | ![]() |
Walter Hagen | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 301 | +13 |
1925 | ![]() |
Jim Barnes | Prestwick Golf Club | Prestwick, Scotland | 300 | +16 |
1926 | ![]() |
Bobby Jones*[lower-alpha 13] | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 291 | +7 |
1927 | ![]() |
Bobby Jones*[lower-alpha 13] | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 285 | −3 |
1928 | ![]() |
Walter Hagen | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 292 | +12 |
1929 | ![]() |
Walter Hagen | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 292 | +8 |
1930 | ![]() |
Bobby Jones*[lower-alpha 13] | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 291 | +3 |
1931 | ![]() |
Tommy Armour | Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 296 | +12 |
1932 | ![]() |
Gene Sarazen | Prince's Golf Club | Sandwich, England | 283 | −5 |
1933 | ![]() |
Denny Shute![]() |
St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 292 | +4 |
1934 | ![]() |
Henry Cotton | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 283 | +3 |
1935 | ![]() |
Alf Perry | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 283 | −5 |
1936 | ![]() |
Alf Padgham | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 287 | −9 |
1937 | ![]() |
Henry Cotton | Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 290 | +6 |
1938 | ![]() |
Reg Whitcombe | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 295 | +15 |
1939 | ![]() |
Dick Burton | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 290 | −2 |
1940 | — | None[lower-alpha 15] | — | — | — | — |
1941 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1942 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1943 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1944 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1945 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
1946 | ![]() |
Sam Snead | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 290 | +2 |
1947 | ![]() |
Fred Daly | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 293 | +5 |
1948 | ![]() |
Henry Cotton | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 284 | E |
1949 | ![]() |
Bobby Locke![]() |
Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 283 | –5 |
1950 | ![]() |
Bobby Locke | Troon | Troon, Scotland | 279 | −9 |
1951 | ![]() |
Max Faulkner | Royal Portrush | County Antrim, Northern Ireland | 285 | −3 |
1952 | ![]() |
Bobby Locke | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 287 | –1 |
1953 | ![]() |
Ben Hogan | Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 282 | −6 |
1954 | ![]() |
Peter Thomson | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 283 | −3 |
1955 | ![]() |
Peter Thomson | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 281 | −7 |
1956 | ![]() |
Peter Thomson | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 286 | −2 |
1957 | ![]() |
Bobby Locke | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 279 | −9 |
1958 | ![]() |
Peter Thomson![]() |
Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 274 | −10 |
1959 | ![]() |
Gary Player | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 284 | E |
1960 | ![]() |
Kel Nagle | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 278 | −10 |
1961 | ![]() |
Arnold Palmer | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 284 | −4 |
1962 | ![]() |
Arnold Palmer | Troon | Troon, Scotland | 276 | −12 |
1963 | ![]() |
Bob Charles![]() |
Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 277 | −7 |
1964 | ![]() |
Tony Lema | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 279 | −9 |
1965 | ![]() |
Peter Thomson | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 285 | −7 |
1966 | ![]() |
Jack Nicklaus | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 282 | −2 |
1967 | ![]() |
Roberto De Vicenzo | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 278 | −10 |
1968 | ![]() |
Gary Player | Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 289 | +1 |
1969 | ![]() |
Tony Jacklin | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 280 | −4 |
1970 | ![]() |
Jack Nicklaus![]() |
St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 283 | −5 |
1971 | ![]() |
Lee Trevino | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 278 | −14 |
1972 | ![]() |
Lee Trevino | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 278 | −6 |
1973 | ![]() |
Tom Weiskopf | Royal Troon | Troon, Scotland | 276 | −12 |
1974 | ![]() |
Gary Player | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 282 | −2 |
1975 | ![]() |
Tom Watson![]() |
Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 279 | −9 |
1976 | ![]() |
Johnny Miller | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 279 | −9 |
1977 | ![]() |
Tom Watson | Turnberry | South Ayrshire, Scotland | 268 | −12 |
1978 | ![]() |
Jack Nicklaus | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 281 | −7 |
1979 | ![]() |
Seve Ballesteros | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 283 | −1 |
1980 | ![]() |
Tom Watson | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 271 | −13 |
1981 | ![]() |
Bill Rogers | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 276 | −4 |
1982 | ![]() |
Tom Watson | Royal Troon | Troon, Scotland | 284 | −4 |
1983 | ![]() |
Tom Watson | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 275 | −9 |
1984 | ![]() |
Seve Ballesteros | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 276 | −12 |
1985 | ![]() |
Sandy Lyle | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 282 | +2 |
1986 | ![]() |
Greg Norman | Turnberry | South Ayrshire, Scotland | 280 | E |
1987 | ![]() |
Nick Faldo | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 279 | −5 |
1988 | ![]() |
Seve Ballesteros | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 273 | −11 |
1989 | ![]() |
Mark Calcavecchia![]() |
Royal Troon | Troon, Scotland | 275 | −13 |
1990 | ![]() |
Nick Faldo | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 270 | −18 |
1991 | ![]() |
Ian Baker-Finch | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 272 | −8 |
1992 | ![]() |
Nick Faldo | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 272 | −12 |
1993 | ![]() |
Greg Norman | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 267 | −13 |
1994 | ![]() |
Nick Price | Turnberry | South Ayrshire, Scotland | 268 | −12 |
1995 | ![]() |
John Daly![]() |
St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 282 | −6 |
1996 | ![]() |
Tom Lehman | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 271 | −13 |
1997 | ![]() |
Justin Leonard | Royal Troon | Troon, Scotland | 272 | −12 |
1998 | ![]() |
Mark O'Meara![]() |
Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 280 | E |
1999 | ![]() |
Paul Lawrie![]() |
Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 290 | +6 |
2000 | ![]() |
Tiger Woods | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 269 | −19 |
2001 | ![]() |
David Duval | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 274 | −10 |
2002 | ![]() |
Ernie Els![]() |
Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 278 | −6 |
2003 | ![]() |
Ben Curtis | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 283 | −1 |
2004 | ![]() |
Todd Hamilton![]() |
Royal Troon | Troon, Scotland | 274 | −10 |
2005 | ![]() |
Tiger Woods | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 274 | −14 |
2006 | ![]() |
Tiger Woods | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 270 | −18 |
2007 | ![]() |
Pádraig Harrington![]() |
Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 277 | −7 |
2008 | ![]() |
Pádraig Harrington | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 283 | +3 |
2009 | ![]() |
Stewart Cink![]() |
Turnberry | South Ayrshire, Scotland | 278 | −2 |
2010 | ![]() |
Louis Oosthuizen | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 272 | −16 |
2011 | ![]() |
Darren Clarke | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 275 | −5 |
2012 | ![]() |
Ernie Els | Royal Lytham & St Annes | Lytham St Annes, England | 273 | −7 |
2013 | ![]() |
Phil Mickelson | Muirfield | Gullane, Scotland | 281 | −3 |
2014 | ![]() |
Rory McIlroy | Royal Liverpool | Hoylake, England | 271 | −17 |
2015 | ![]() |
Zach Johnson![]() |
St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 273 | −15 |
2016 | ![]() |
Henrik Stenson | Royal Troon | Troon, Scotland | 264 | −20 |
2017 | ![]() |
Jordan Spieth | Royal Birkdale | Southport, England | 268 | −12 |
2018 | ![]() |
Francesco Molinari | Carnoustie | Carnoustie, Scotland | 276 | −8 |
2019 | ![]() |
Shane Lowry | Royal Portrush | County Antrim, Northern Ireland | 269 | −15 |
2020 | — | None | — | — | — | — |
2021 | ![]() |
Collin Morikawa | Royal St George's | Sandwich, England | 265 | −15 |
2022 | ![]() |
Cameron Smith | St Andrews | St Andrews, Scotland | 268 | −20 |
Multiple champions
Golfer | Total | Years |
---|---|---|
![]() |
6 | 1896, 1898, 1899, 1903, 1911, 1914 |
![]() |
5 | 1901, 1905, 1906, 1908, 1910 |
![]() |
5 | 1894, 1895, 1900, 1909, 1913 |
![]() |
5 | 1954, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1965 |
![]() |
5 | 1975, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983 |
![]() |
4 | 1861, 1862, 1864, 1867 |
![]() |
4 | 1868, 1869, 1870, 1872 |
![]() |
4 | 1860, 1863, 1866, 1875 |
![]() |
4 | 1922, 1924, 1928, 1929 |
![]() |
4 | 1949, 1950, 1952, 1957 |
![]() |
3 | 1877, 1878, 1879 |
![]() |
3 | 1880, 1881, 1882 |
![]() |
3 | 1926, 1927, 1930 |
![]() |
3 | 1934, 1937, 1948 |
![]() |
3 | 1959, 1968, 1974 |
![]() |
3 | 1966, 1970, 1978 |
![]() |
3 | 1979, 1984, 1988 |
![]() |
3 | 1987, 1990, 1992 |
![]() |
3 | 2000, 2005, 2006 |
![]() |
2 | 1876, 1885 |
![]() |
2 | 1887, 1889 |
![]() |
2 | 1892, 1897 |
![]() |
2 | 1961, 1962 |
![]() |
2 | 1971, 1972 |
![]() |
2 | 1986, 1993 |
![]() |
2 | 2007, 2008 |
![]() |
2 | 2002, 2012 |
By nationality
Nationality | Wins | Winners |
---|---|---|
![]() |
45 | 30 |
![]() |
41 | 22 |
![]() |
22 | 13 |
![]() |
10 | 5 |
![]() |
10 | 4 |
![]() |
7 | 2 |
![]() |
3 | 3 |
![]() |
3 | 1 |
![]() |
3 | 2 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
Notes
- 72 holes refers to four rounds of golf played on the same 18 holes of golf, with the pin positions varying from one round to another.
- Par is a predetermined number of strokes that a golfer should require to complete a hole, a round (the sum of the total pars of the played holes), or a tournament (the sum of the total pars of each round). E stands for even, which means the tournament was completed in the predetermined number of strokes.[12]
- The 1871 Open Championship was not held.[3]
- Bob Martin won in a playoff against Davie Strath who refused to compete.
- Willie Fernie won in a playoff against Bob Ferguson.
- Willie Park Jr. won in a playoff against Andrew Kirkaldy.
- John Ball won The Open Championship as an amateur.
- Harold Hilton won The Open Championship as an amateur.
- Harry Vardon won in a playoff against John Henry Taylor.
- Harry Vardon won in a playoff against Arnaud Massy.
- The Open Championship was not held from 1915 to 1918 because of the First World War.
- Jock Hutchison won in a playoff against Roger Wethered.
- Bobby Jones won The Open Championship as an amateur.
- Denny Shute won in a playoff against Craig Wood.
- The Open Championship was not held from 1940 to 1945 because of the Second World War.
- Bobby Locke won in a playoff against Harry Bradshaw.
- Peter Thomson won in a playoff against Dave Thomas.
- Bob Charles won in a playoff against Phil Rodgers.
- Jack Nicklaus won in a playoff against Doug Sanders.
- Tom Watson won in a playoff against Jack Newton.
- Mark Calcavecchia won in a playoff against Wayne Grady and Greg Norman.
- John Daly won in a playoff against Costantino Rocca.
- Mark O'Meara won in a playoff against Brian Watts.
- Paul Lawrie won in a playoff against Jean van de Velde and Justin Leonard.
- Ernie Els won in a playoff against Thomas Levet, Steve Elkington and Stuart Appleby.
- Todd Hamilton won in a playoff against Ernie Els.
- Pádraig Harrington won in a playoff against Sergio García.
- Stewart Cink won in a playoff against Tom Watson.
- Zach Johnson won in a playoff against Marc Leishman and Louis Oosthuizen.
References
- Powers, Christopher (9 July 2022). "Open Championship 2022: Frequently Asked Questions". Golf Digest. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- Newport 1997, p. 272.
- "Claret Jug". Open Golf. Archived from the original on 18 July 2009. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
- Haselton, Todd (6 April 2020). "British Open canceled for first time since WWII due to coronavirus". CNBC. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
- Kolur, Nihal (17 July 2018). "Who Has Won the Most British Opens?". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
- Ray, Justin (17 July 2022). "Open Championship: 10 notes to know on Cameron Smith's history-making win". The Athletic. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- Scott, Ged (17 July 2016). "The Open 2016: Henrik Stenson beats Phil Mickelson to win at Royal Troon". BBC Sport. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- Scrivener, Peter (17 July 2022). "The Open: Cameron Smith holds off Cameron Young & Rory McIlroy at St Andrews". BBC Sport. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- "Previous Opens". The Open Championship. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- "2011 Open Championship Media Guide". The Open Championship. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
- "Open Champions". The Open Championship. Archived from the original on 2 March 2010. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
- "Scoring". BBC Sport. 13 July 2005. Retrieved 20 September 2008.
Bibliography
- Newport, Stuart (1997). Guinness Book Of Knowledge. Guinness Publishing. ISBN 0-85112-046-6.