Lord Privy Seal

Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
	Royal Arms of His Majesty's Government
	Incumbent; The Lord True; since 6 September 2022
Style	The Right Honourable
Type	Great Officer of State
Appointer	The King; (on the advice of the Prime Minister)
Term length	At His Majesty's pleasure
Formation	1307
First holder	William Melton

The Lord Privy Seal (or, more formally, the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal) is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord President of the Council and above the Lord Great Chamberlain. Originally, its holder was responsible for the monarch's personal (privy) seal (as opposed to the Great Seal of the Realm, which is in the care of the Lord Chancellor) until the use of such a seal became obsolete. Though one of the oldest offices in European governments, it has no particular function today because the use of a privy seal has been obsolete for centuries; it may be regarded as a traditional sinecure, but today, the holder of the office is invariably given a seat in the Cabinet of the United Kingdom, and is sometimes referred to as a Minister without Portfolio.

Since the premiership of Clement Attlee, the position of Lord Privy Seal has frequently been combined with that of Leader of the House of Lords or Leader of the House of Commons. The office of Lord Privy Seal, unlike those of Leader of the Lords or Commons, is eligible for a ministerial salary under the Ministerial and other Salaries Act 1975.[1] The office does not confer membership of the House of Lords, leading to Ernest Bevin's remark on holding this office that he was "neither a Lord, nor a Privy, nor a Seal".[2][3]

During the reign of Edward I, prior to 1307, the Privy Seal was kept by the Controller of the Wardrobe.[4] The Lord Privy Seal was the president of the Court of Requests during its existence.

List of Lord Keepers of the Privy Seal

Lord Keepers of the Privy Seal (c. 1307–1714)

Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Monarch (Reign)
William Melton (died 1340)	1307	1312	Edward II (1307–1327)
Roger Northburgh (died 1358)	1312	1316
Thomas Charlton (died 1344)	1316	1320
Robert Baldock Archdeacon of Middlesex (died 1327)	1320	1323
Robert Wodehouse (died 1346)	1323	1323
Robert Ayleston	1323	1324
William Ayermin (died 1336)	1324	1325
Henry de Cliff (died 1334)	1325	1325
William Herlaston	1325	1326
Robert Wyvil (died 1375)	1326	1327
Richard Airmyn (died c. 1340)	1327	1328	Edward III (1327–1377)
Adam Lymbergh	1328	1329
Richard Bury Bishop of Durham (1287–1345)	1329	1334
Robert Ayleston	1334	1334
Robert Tawton	1334	1335
William de la Zouch (died 1352)	1335	1337
Richard Bintworth (died 1339)	1337	1338
William Kilsby	1338	1342
John de Ufford (died 1349)	1342	1344
Thomas Hatfield (died 1381)	1344	1345
John Thoresby Master of the Rolls (died 1473)	1345	1347
Simon Islip Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1366)	1347	1350
Michael Northburgh Archdeacon of Suffolk (died 1361)	1350	1354
Thomas Bramber	1354	1355
John Winwick	1355	1360
John Buckingham Bishop of Lincoln (died 1399)	1360	1363
William of Wykeham Archdeacon of Lincoln (died 1358)	1363	1367
Peter Lacy (c. 1310/8–1375)	1367	1371
Nicholas Carew MP for Surrey (died 1390)	1371	1377
John Fordham (died 1425)	1377	1381	Richard II (1377–1399)
William Dighton	1381	1382
Walter Skirclaw Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield (died 1406)	1382	1386
John Waltham Bishop of Salisbury (died 1395)	1386	1389
Edmund Stafford Bishop of Exeter (1344–1419)	1389	1396
Guy Mone (died 1407)	1396	1397
Richard Clifford Bishop of Bath and Wells (died 1421)	1397	1401
Richard Clifford Bishop of Bath and Wells (died 1421)	1397	1401	Henry IV (1399–1413)
Thomas Langley (c. 1363–1437)	1401	1405
Nicholas Bubwith (1355–1424)	1405	1406
John Prophet Dean of York (1356–1416)	1406	1415
John Prophet Dean of York (1356–1416)	1406	1415	Henry V (1413–1422)
John Wakering Bishop of Norwich (died 1425)	1415	1416
Henry Ware (died 1420)	1416	1418
John Kemp Bishop of Rochester (c. 1380–1454)	1418	1421
John Stafford (died 1452)	1421	1422
William Alnwick Bishop of Norwich [nb 1] (died 1449)	1422	1432	Henry VI (1422–1461)
William Lyndwood Bishop of St David's [nb 2] (c. 1375–1446)	1432	1443
Thomas Beckington Bishop of Bath and Wells (c. 1390–1465)	1443	1444
Adam Moleyns Bishop of Chichester [nb 3] (died 1450)	1444	1450
Andrew Holes Archdeacon of York	1450	1452
Thomas Lisieux Dean of St Paul's (died 1456)	1452	1456
Laurence Booth Bishop of Durham [nb 4] (c. 1420–1480)	1456	1460
Robert Stillington Bishop of Bath and Wells [nb 5] (1420–1491)	1460	1467
	1460	1467	Edward IV (1461–1470)
Thomas Rotherham Bishop of Rochester [nb 6] (1423–1500)	1467	1470	Edward IV (1461–1470)
John Hales Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield (c. 1400–1490)	1470	1471	Henry VI (1470–1471)
Thomas Rotherham Bishop of Lincoln [nb 7] (1423–1500)	1471	1474	Edward IV (1471–1483)
John Russell Bishop of Lincoln [nb 8] (died 1494)	1474	1483	Edward IV (1471–1483)
John Russell Bishop of Lincoln [nb 8] (died 1494)	1474	1483	Edward V (1483)
John Gunthorpe Dean of Wells (died 1498)	1483	1485	Edward V (1483)
John Gunthorpe Dean of Wells (died 1498)	1483	1485	Richard III (1483–1485)
Peter Courtenay Bishop of Exeter (c. 1432–1492)	1485	1487	Henry VII (1485–1509)
Richard Foxe Bishop of Winchester [nb 9] (c. 1448–1528)	1487	1516	Henry VII (1485–1509)
Richard Foxe Bishop of Winchester [nb 9] (c. 1448–1528)	1487	1516	Henry VIII (1509–1547)
Thomas Ruthall Bishop of Durham (died 1523)	1516	1523
Henry Marney 1st Baron Marney (c. 1447–1523)	1523	1523
Cuthbert Tunstall Bishop of London (1474–1559)	1523	1530
Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl of Wiltshire (c. 1477–1539)	1530	1536
Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl of Essex[nb 10] (c. 1485–1540)	1536	1540
William FitzWilliam 1st Earl of Southampton (c. 1490–1542)	1540	1542
John Russell 1st Earl of Bedford[nb 11] (c. 1485–1555)	1542	1555
			Edward VI (1547–1553)
			Mary I (1553–1558)
William Paget 1st Baron Paget (c. 1506–1563)	1555	1558	Mary I (1553–1558)
Sir Nicholas Bacon (1510–1579)	1558	1571	Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (1520–1598)	1571	1572
William Howard 1st Baron Howard of Effingham (c. 1510–1573)	1572	1573
Sir Thomas Smith MP for Essex (1513–1577)	1573	1576
Sir Francis Walsingham MP for Surrey (c. 1532–1590)	1576	1590
William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (1520–1598)	1590	1598
Robert Cecil 1st Earl of Salisbury (1564/3–1598)	1598	1608
Robert Cecil 1st Earl of Salisbury (1564/3–1598)	1598	1608	James I (1603–1625)
Henry Howard 1st Earl of Northampton (1540–1614)	1608	1614
Robert Carr 1st Earl of Somerset (c. 1587–1646)	1614	1616
Edward Somerset 4th Earl of Worcester (c. 1550–1628)	1616	1625
Sir John Coke MP for Cambridge University (1563–1644)	1625	1628	Charles I (1625–1649)
Sir Robert Naunton (1563–1635)	1628	1628
Henry Montagu 1st Earl of Manchester (1563–1635)	1628	1642
Lucius Cary 2nd Viscount Falkland (c. 1610–1643)	1643	1643
Sir Edward Nicholas[nb 12] (1593–1669)	1643	1644
Henry Bourchier 5th Earl of Bath (1587–1654)	1644	1646 [nb 13]
Interregnum Commissioners of Parliament's Great Seal	1646	1660	Charles II Court in exile
John Robartes 2nd Baron Robartes (1606–1685)	1660	1673	Charles II (1660–1685)
Arthur Annesley 1st Earl of Anglesey (1614–1686)	1673	1682
George Savile 1st Marquess of Halifax (1633–1695)	1682	1685
Henry Hyde 2nd Earl of Clarendon (1638–1709)	1685	1687	James II (1685–1688)
Henry Arundell 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour (1607/8–1694)	1687	1688	James II (1685–1688)
George Savile 1st Marquess of Halifax (1633–1695)	1689	1690	Mary II (1689–1694) & William III (1689–1702)
Thomas Herbert 8th Earl of Pembroke (c. 1656–1733)	1692	1699
John Lowther 1st Viscount Lonsdale (1655–1700)	1699	1700
Ford Grey 1st Earl of Tankerville (1655–1701)	1700	1701
John Sheffield 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby[nb 14] (1648–1721)	1702	1705	Anne (1702–1714)
John Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1662–1711)	1705	1711
John Robinson Bishop of Bristol (1650–1723)	1711	1713
William Legge 1st Earl of Dartmouth (1672–1750)	1713	1714

Lord Keepers of the Privy Seal (1714–present)

Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Other ministerial portfolios held during tenure	Party	Ministry	Monarch (Reign)
The Most Honourable Thomas Wharton 1st Marquess of Wharton PC[nb 15] (1648–1715)	23 September 1714	31 August 1715		Whig	Townshend	George I (1714–1727)
The Right Honourable Charles Spencer 3rd Earl of Sunderland PC FRS (1675–1722)	31 August 1715	19 December 1716		—
His Grace Evelyn Pierrepont 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull PC (c. 1655–1726)	19 December 1716	6 February 1719		—
					Stanhope–Sunderland I
					Stanhope–Sunderland II
His Grace Henry Grey 1st Duke of Kent KG PC (1671–1740)	6 February 1719	11 June 1720		—
His Grace Evelyn Pierrepont 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull KG PC (c. 1655–1726)	11 June 1720	11 March 1726		—
	11 June 1720	11 March 1726		—	Walpole–Townshend
The Right Honourable Thomas Trevor 1st Baron Trevor PC KC FRS (1658–1730)	11 March 1726	8 May 1730		—
	11 March 1726	8 May 1730		—		George II (1727–1760)
The Right Honourable Spencer Compton 1st Earl of Wilmington KB PC (c. 1673–1743)	8 May 1730	January 1731		Whig	Walpole
His Grace William Cavendish 3rd Duke of Devonshire PC FRS (1698–1755)	12 January 1731	5 May 1733		Whig
The Right Honourable Henry Lowther 3rd Viscount Lonsdale PC (1694–1751)	5 May 1733	16 May 1735		—
The Right Honourable Francis Godolphin 2nd Earl of Godolphin PC (1678–1766)	16 May 1735	7 April 1740		—
The Right Honourable John Hervey 2nd Baron Hervey PC (1696–1743)	7 April 1740	13 July 1742		—
The Right Honourable John Leveson-Gower 2nd Baron Gower PC (1694–1754)	13 July 1742	10 December 1743		Tory	Carteret
The Right Honourable George Cholmondeley 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley PC (1703–1770)	10 December 1743	27 December 1744		—	Carteret
The Right Honourable John Leveson-Gower 1st Earl Gower PC[nb 16] (1694–1754)	27 December 1744	8 June 1755		Tory	Broad Bottom (I & II)
	27 December 1744	8 June 1755		Tory	Newcastle I
His Grace Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough PC (1706–1758)	8 June 1755	22 December 1755		—
The Right Honourable Granville Leveson-Gower 2nd Earl Gower PC (1721–1803)	22 December 1755	30 June 1757		Tory
					Pitt–Devonshire
					1757 Caretaker
The Right Honourable Richard Grenville-Temple 2nd Earl Temple PC (1711–1779)	30 June 1757	5 October 1761		—	Pitt–Newcastle
	30 June 1757	5 October 1761		—		George III (1760–1820) [nb 17]
His Grace John Russell 4th Duke of Bedford KG PC FRS (1710–1771)	25 November 1761	22 April 1763		Whig
	25 November 1761	22 April 1763		Whig	Bute
His Grace George Spencer 4th Duke of Marlborough KG PC (1739–1817)	22 April 1763	30 July 1765		—	Grenville (Whig–Tory)
His Grace Thomas Pelham-Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle KG PC FRS (1693–1768)	30 July 1765	30 July 1766		Whig	Rockingham I
The Right Honourable William Pitt 1st Earl of Chatham PC FRS (1708–1778)	30 July 1766	2 November 1768	Prime Minister	Whig	Chatham (Whig–Tory)
The Right Honourable George Hervey 2nd Earl of Bristol PC (1721–1775)	2 November 1768	26 February 1770		—	Grafton (Whig–Tory)
The Right Honourable George Montagu-Dunk 2nd Earl of Halifax KG PC (1716–1771)	26 February 1770	22 January 1771		Tory	North
The Right Honourable Henry Howard 12th Earl of Suffolk PC (1739–1889)	22 January 1771	12 June 1771		—
His Grace Augustus FitzRoy 3rd Duke of Grafton KG PC (1735–1811)	12 June 1771	4 November 1775		Whig
The Right Honourable William Legge 2nd Earl of Dartmouth PC FRS (1731–1801)	4 November 1775	27 March 1782		—
His Grace Augustus FitzRoy 3rd Duke of Grafton KG PC (1735–1811)	27 March 1782	4 April 1783		Whig	Rockingham II
	27 March 1782	4 April 1783		Whig	Shelburne (Whig–Tory)
The Right Honourable Frederick Howard 5th Earl of Carlisle PC (1748–1825)	4 April 1783	23 December 1783		—	Fox–North (Whig–Tory)
His Grace Charles Manners 4th Duke of Rutland KG PC (1754–1787)	23 December 1783	27 November 1784		—	Pitt I
The Most Honourable Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Marquess of Stafford PC[nb 18] (1721–1803)	27 November 1784	1794		Tory
The Right Honourable George Spencer 2nd Earl Spencer PC DL FRS FSA (1758–1834)	1794	16 July 1794		Whig
The Right Honourable John Pitt 2nd Earl of Chatham KG PC (1756–1835)	16 July 1794	14 February 1798		—
The Right Honourable John Fane 10th Earl of Westmorland KG PC (1759–1841)	14 February 1798	5 February 1806		Tory
					Addington
					Pitt II
The Right Honourable Henry Addington 1st Viscount Sidmouth PC (1757–1844)	5 February 1806	15 October 1806		Tory	All the Talents (Whig–Tory)
The Right Honourable Henry Vassall-Fox 3rd Baron Holland PC (1773–1840)	15 October 1806	25 March 1807		Whig	All the Talents (Whig–Tory)
The Right Honourable John Fane 10th Earl of Westmorland KG PC (1759–1841)	25 March 1807	30 April 1827		Tory	Portland II
					Perceval
					Liverpool
					Liverpool	George IV (1820–1830)
His Grace William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck 4th Duke of Portland PC DCL (1768–1854)	30 April 1827	16 July 1827		Tory	Canning (Canningite–Whig)
The Right Honourable George Howard 6th Earl of Carlisle PC FRS (1773–1848)	16 July 1827	26 January 1828		Whig	Canning (Canningite–Whig)
	16 July 1827	26 January 1828		Whig	Goderich (Canningite–Whig)
The Right Honourable Edward Law 2nd Baron Ellenborough PC FRS (1790–1871)	26 January 1828	10 June 1829	President of the Board of Control[nb 19]	Tory	Wellington–Peel
The Right Honourable James St Clair-Erskine 2nd Earl of Rosslyn GCB PC (1762–1837)	10 June 1829	22 November 1830		Tory
	10 June 1829	22 November 1830		Tory		William IV (1830–1837)
The Right Honourable John Lambton 1st Baron Durham PC (1792–1840)	22 November 1830	3 April 1833		Whig	Grey
The Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson 1st Earl of Ripon PC (1782–1859)	3 April 1833	5 June 1834		Whig
The Right Honourable George Howard 6th Earl of Carlisle PC FRS (1773–1848)	5 June 1834	30 July 1834		Whigs
The Right Honourable Constantine Phipps 2nd Earl of Mulgrave GCH PC (1797–1863)	30 July 1834	14 November 1834		Whig	Melbourne I
The Right Honourable James Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie 1st Baron Wharncliffe PC (1776–1845)	15 December 1834	8 April 1835		Conservative	Peel I
The Right Honourable John Ponsonby 1st Baron Duncannon styled Viscount Duncannon PC (1781–1847)	23 April 1835	15 January 1840	First Commissioner of Woods and Forests	Whig	Melbourne II
	23 April 1835	15 January 1840	First Commissioner of Woods and Forests	Whig		Victoria (1837–1901)
The Right Honourable George Villiers 4th Earl of Clarendon GCB PC (1800–1870)	15 January 1840	30 August 1841	Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster[nb 20]	Whig
His Grace Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos GCH PC FRS (1797–1861)	3 September 1841	2 February 1842		Conservative	Peel II
His Grace Walter Montagu-Douglas-Scott 5th Duke of Buccleuch KG PC (1806–1884)	2 February 1842	21 January 1846		Conservative
The Right Honourable Thomas Hamilton 9th Earl of Haddington PC FRS (1780–1858)	21 January 1846	27 June 1846		Conservative
The Right Honourable Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound 2nd Earl of Minto GCB PC (1782–1859)	6 July 1846	21 February 1852		Whig	Russell I
The Most Honourable James Gascoyne-Cecil 2nd Marquess of Salisbury KG PC (1791–1868)	27 February 1852	17 December 1852		Conservative	Who? Who?
His Grace George Campbell 8th Duke of Argyll PC FRS FRSE (1823–1900)	4 January 1853	7 December 1855		Peelite	Aberdeen (Peelite–Whig)
	4 January 1853	7 December 1855		Peelite	Palmerston I
The Right Honourable Dudley Ryder 2nd Earl of Harrowby PC FRS (1798–1882)	7 December 1855	3 February 1858		Whig
The Most Honourable Ulick de Burgh 1st Marquess of Clanricarde KP PC (1802–1874)	3 February 1858	21 February 1858		Whig
The Right Honourable Charles Yorke 4th Earl of Hardwicke PC (1799–1873)	26 February 1858	11 June 1859		Conservative	Derby–Disraeli II
His Grace George Campbell 8th Duke of Argyll KT PC FRS FRSE (1823–1900)	18 June 1859	26 June 1866		Liberal	Palmerston II
	18 June 1859	26 June 1866		Liberal	Russell II
The Right Honourable James Harris 3rd Earl of Malmesbury GCB PC (1807–1889)	6 July 1866	1 December 1868		Conservative	Derby–Disraeli III
The Right Honourable John Wodehouse 1st Earl of Kimberley PC (1826–1902)	9 December 1868	6 July 1870		Liberal	Gladstone I
The Right Honourable Charles Wood 1st Viscount Halifax GCB PC (1800–1885)	6 July 1870	17 February 1874		Liberal	Gladstone I
The Right Honourable James Harris 3rd Earl of Malmesbury GCB PC (1807–1889)	21 February 1874	12 August 1876		Conservative	Disraeli II
The Right Honourable Benjamin Disraeli 1st Earl of Beaconsfield PC FRS (1804–1881)	12 August 1876	4 February 1878	Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury	Conservative
His Grace Algernon Percy 6th Duke of Northumberland PC (1810–1899)	4 February 1878	21 April 1880		Conservative
His Grace George Campbell 8th Duke of Argyll KT PC FRS FRSE (1823–1900)	28 April 1880	2 May 1881		Liberal	Gladstone II
The Right Honourable Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue 1st Baron Carlingford KP PC (1823–1898)	2 May 1881	5 March 1885		Liberal
The Right Honourable Archibald Primrose 5th Earl of Rosebery PC (1847–1929)	5 March 1885	9 June 1885	First Commissioner of Works	Liberal
The Right Honourable Dudley Ryder 3rd Earl of Harrowby PC (1831–1900)	24 June 1885	28 January 1886		Conservative	Salisbury I
The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS MP for Midlothian (1809–1898)	17 February 1886	20 July 1886	Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury Leader of the House of Commons	Liberal	Gladstone III
The Right Honourable George Cadogan 5th Earl Cadogan KG PC (1840–1915)	3 August 1886	11 August 1892		Conservative	Salisbury II
The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS MP for Midlothian (1809–1898)	20 August 1892	10 March 1894	Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury Leader of the House of Commons	Liberal	Gladstone IV
The Right Honourable Edward Marjoribanks 2nd Baron Tweedmouth PC (1849–1909)	10 March 1894	21 June 1895	Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster[nb 21]	Liberal	Rosebery
The Right Honourable Richard Assheton Cross 1st Viscount Cross GCB PC FRS DL (1823–1914)	29 June 1895	12 November 1900		Conservative	Salisbury (III & IV) (Con.–Lib.U.)
The Most Honourable Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess of Salisbury KG PC FRS (1830–1903)	12 November 1900	July 1902	Prime Minister Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
	12 November 1900	July 1902	Prime Minister Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative		Edward VII (1901–1910)
The Right Honourable Arthur Balfour FRS DL MP for Manchester East (1848–1930)	14 July 1902	October 1903	Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative	Balfour (Con.–Lib.U.)
The Most Honourable James Gascoyne-Cecil 4th Marquess of Salisbury CB PC (1861–1947)	17 October 1903	December 1905	President of the Board of Trade[nb 22]	Conservative	Balfour (Con.–Lib.U.)
The Most Honourable George Robinson 1st Marquess of Ripon KG GCSI CIE VD PC (1827–1909)	10 December 1905	October 1908	Leader of the House of Lords[nb 23]	Liberal	Campbell-Bannerman
	10 December 1905	October 1908	Leader of the House of Lords[nb 23]	Liberal	Asquith (I–III)
The Most Honourable Robert Crewe-Milnes 1st Marquess of Crewe KG PC FSA[nb 24] (1858–1945)	9 October 1908	October 1911	Leader of the House of Lords Secretary of State for the Colonies[nb 25] Secretary of State for India[nb 26]	Liberal
	9 October 1908	October 1911		Liberal		George V (1910–1936)
The Right Honourable Charles Wynn-Carington 1st Earl Carrington KG GCMG PC (1843–1928)	23 October 1911	February 1912		Liberal
The Most Honourable Robert Crewe-Milnes 1st Marquess of Crewe KG PC FSA (1858–1945)	13 February 1912	May 1915	Secretary of State for India Leader of the House of Lords	Liberal
The Right Honourable George Curzon 1st Earl Curzon of Kedleston GCSI GCIE PC (1859–1925)	25 May 1915	December 1916	President of the Air Board[nb 27]	Conservative	Asquith Coalition (Lib.–Con.–Lab.)
The Right Honourable David Lindsay 27th Earl of Crawford PC (1871–1940)	15 December 1916	January 1919		Conservative	Lloyd George (I & II) (Lib.–Con.–Lab.)
The Right Honourable Bonar Law MP for Glasgow Central (1858–1923)	10 January 1919	March 1921	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative
The Right Honourable Austen Chamberlain MP for Birmingham West (1863–1937)	23 March 1921	October 1922	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative
Vacant	October 1922	May 1923			Law
The Right Honourable Robert Cecil 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood PC KC[nb 28] (1864–1958)	28 May 1923	January 1924		Conservative	Baldwin I
The Right Honourable J. R. Clynes MP for Manchester Platting (1869–1949)	22 January 1924	November 1924	Deputy Leader of the House of Commons	Labour	MacDonald I
The Most Honourable James Gascoyne-Cecil 4th Marquess of Salisbury KG GCVO CB PC DL (1861–1947)	6 November 1924	June 1929	Leader of the House of Lords[nb 29]	Conservative	Baldwin II
The Right Honourable Jimmy Thomas MP for Derby (1874–1949)	7 June 1929	June 1930		Labour	MacDonald II
The Right Honourable Vernon Hartshorn MP for Ogmore (1872–1931)	5 June 1930	March 1931		Labour
The Right Honourable Tom Johnston MP for West Stirlingshire (1881–1965)	24 March 1931	August 1931		Labour
The Right Honourable William Peel 1st Earl Peel GBE TD PC (1867–1937)	August 1931	November 1931		Conservative	National I (N.Lab.–Con.–Lib.N.–Lib.)
The Right Honourable Philip Snowden 1st Viscount Snowden PC (1864–1937)	5 November 1931	September 1932		National Labour	National II (N.Lab.–Con.–Lib.N.–Lib.)
The Right Honourable Stanley Baldwin JP FRS MP for Bewdley (1867–1947)	29 September 1932	December 1933	Lord President of the Council	Conservative
The Right Honourable Anthony Eden MC MP for Warwick and Leamington (1897–1977)	31 December 1933	June 1935		Conservative
The Most Honourable Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart 7th Marquess of Londonderry KG MVO PC PC (Ire) (1878–1949)	7 June 1935	November 1935	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	National III (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.)
The Right Honourable Edward Wood 3rd Viscount Halifax PC (1881–1959)	22 November 1935	May 1937	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
						Edward VIII (1936)
						George VI (1936–1952)
The Right Honourable Herbrand Sackville 9th Earl De La Warr PC (1900–1976)	28 May 1937	October 1938		National Labour	National IV (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.)
The Right Honourable Sir John Anderson GCB GCSI GCIE PC PC (Ire) MP for Combined Scottish Universities (1882–1958)	31 October 1938	September 1939		Independent (National)	National IV (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.)
The Right Honourable Sir Samuel Hoare Bt GCSI GBE CMG JP MP for Chelsea (1880–1959)	3 September 1939	April 1940		Conservative	Chamberlain War (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.)
The Right Honourable Sir Kingsley Wood MP for Woolwich West (1881–1943)	3 April 1940	May 1940		Conservative	Chamberlain War (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.)
The Right Honourable Clement Attlee MP for Limehouse (1883–1967)	11 May 1940	February 1942	Deputy Leader of the House of Commons	Labour	Churchill War (All parties)
The Right Honourable Sir Stafford Cripps MP for Bristol East (1889–1952)	19 February 1942	November 1942	Leader of the House of Commons	Labour
The Right Honourable Robert Gascoyne-Cecil Viscount Cranborne (1893–1972)	22 November 1942	September 1943	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
The Right Honourable Max Aitken 1st Baron Beaverbrook PC (1879–1964)	24 September 1943	July 1945		Conservative
	24 September 1943	July 1945		Conservative	Churchill Caretaker (Con.–N.Lib.)
The Right Honourable Arthur Greenwood CH MP for Wakefield (1880–1954)	27 July 1945	17 April 1947	Paymaster General[nb 30]	Labour	Attlee (I & II)
The Right Honourable Philip Inman 1st Baron Inman PC (1892–1979)	17 April 1947	7 October 1947		Labour
The Right Honourable Christopher Addison 1st Viscount Addison KG PC FRCS (1869–1951)	7 October 1947	9 March 1951	Leader of the House of Lords Paymaster General[nb 31]	Labour
The Right Honourable Ernest Bevin MP for Woolwich East (1881–1951)	9 March 1951	14 April 1951		Labour
The Right Honourable Richard Stokes MC MP for Ipswich (1897–1957)	26 April 1951	October 1951	Minister of Materials[nb 32]	Labour
The Most Honourable Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 5th Marquess of Salisbury KG PC (1893–1972)	28 October 1951	7 May 1952	Leader of the House of Lords Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations[nb 33]	Conservative	Churchill III
	28 October 1951	7 May 1952		Conservative		Elizabeth II (1952–2022)
The Right Honourable Harry Crookshank MP for Gainsborough (1893–1961)	7 May 1952	20 December 1955	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative
	7 May 1952	20 December 1955	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative	Eden
The Right Honourable R. A. Butler CH MP for Saffron Walden (1902–1982)	20 December 1955	October 1959	Leader of the House of Commons Secretary of State for the Home Department[nb 34]	Conservative	Eden
	20 December 1955	October 1959		Conservative	Macmillan (I & II)
The Right Honourable Quintin Hogg 2nd Viscount Hailsham PC QC (1907–2001)	14 October 1959	July 1960	Minister of Science	Conservative
The Right Honourable Edward Heath MBE MP for Bexley (1916–2005)	27 July 1960	October 1963	Deputy Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs	Conservative
The Right Honourable Selwyn Lloyd CH CBE QC MP for Wirral (1904–1978)	20 October 1963	October 1964	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative	Douglas-Home
The Right Honourable Frank Pakenham 7th Earl of Longford PC (1905–2001)	18 October 1964	December 1965	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour	Wilson (I & II)
The Right Honourable Sir Frank Soskice QC MP for Newport (1902–1979)	23 December 1965	April 1966		Labour
The Right Honourable Frank Pakenham 7th Earl of Longford PC (1905–2001)	6 April 1966	January 1968	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour
The Right Honourable Edward Shackleton Baron Shackleton OBE PC (1911–1994)	16 January 1968	April 1968	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour
The Right Honourable Fred Peart MP for Workington (1914–1988)	6 April	October 1968		Labour
The Right Honourable Edward Shackleton Baron Shackleton OBE PC (1911–1994)	18 October 1968	June 1970	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour
The Right Honourable George Jellicoe 2nd Earl Jellicoe DSO MC PC (1918–2007)	20 June 1970	June 1973	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Heath
The Right Honourable David Hennessy 3rd Baron Windlesham PC (1932–2010)	5 June 1973	March 1974	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Heath
The Right Honourable Malcolm Shepherd 2nd Baron Shepherd PC (1918–2001)	7 March 1974	September 1976	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour	Wilson (III & IV)
	7 March 1974	September 1976	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour	Callaghan
The Right Honourable Fred Peart Baron Peart PC (1914–1988)	10 September 1976	May 1979	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour	Callaghan
The Right Honourable Sir Ian Gilmour Bt MP for Chesham and Amersham (1926–2007)	5 May 1979	September 1981	Government spokesman in the House of Commons for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs	Conservative	Thatcher I
The Right Honourable Humphrey Atkins MP for Spelthorne (1922–1996)	14 September 1981	April 1982	Government spokesman in the House of Commons for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs	Conservative
The Right Honourable Janet Young Baroness Young PC (1926–2002)	6 April 1982	June 1983	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
The Right Honourable John Biffen MP for North Shropshire (1930–2007)	11 June 1983	June 1987	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative	Thatcher II
The Right Honourable John Wakeham MP for South Colchester and Maldon (born 1932)	13 June 1987	10 January 1988	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative	Thatcher III
The Right Honourable John Ganzoni 2nd Baron Belstead PC (1932–2005)	10 January 1988	28 November 1990	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Thatcher III
The Right Honourable David Waddington Baron Waddington PC QC (1929–2017)	28 November 1990	11 April 1992	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Major I
The Right Honourable John Wakeham Baron Wakeham PC (born 1932)	11 April 1992	20 July 1994	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
The Right Honourable Robert Gascoyne-Cecil Viscount Cranborne DL (born 1946)	20 July 1994	2 May 1997	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
	20 July 1994	2 May 1997	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Major II
The Right Honourable Ivor Richard Baron Richard PC (1932–2018)	2 May 1997	27 July 1998	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour	Blair I
The Right Honourable Margaret Jay Baroness Jay of Paddington PC (born 1939)	27 July 1998	8 June 2001	Leader of the House of Lords Minister for Women	Labour	Blair I
The Right Honourable Gareth Williams Baron Williams of Mostyn PC QC (1941–2003)	8 June 2001	13 June 2003	Leader of the House of Lords	Labour	Blair II
The Right Honourable Peter Hain MP for Neath (born 1950)	13 June 2003	6 May 2005	Leader of the House of Commons	Labour	Blair II
The Right Honourable Geoff Hoon MP for Ashfield (born 1953)	6 May 2005	5 May 2006	Leader of the House of Commons	Labour	Blair III
The Right Honourable Jack Straw MP for Blackburn (born 1946)	5 May 2006	27 June 2007	Leader of the House of Commons	Labour	Blair III
The Right Honourable Harriet Harman QC MP for Camberwell and Peckham (born 1950)	28 June 2007	11 May 2010	Leader of the House of Commons Minister for Women and Equality	Labour	Brown
The Right Honourable Sir George Young Bt CH MP for North West Hampshire (born 1941)	12 May 2010	4 September 2012	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative	Cameron–Clegg (Con.–L.D.)
The Right Honourable Andrew Lansley CBE MP for South Cambridgeshire (born 1956)	4 September 2012	14 July 2014	Leader of the House of Commons	Conservative
The Right Honourable Tina Stowell Baroness Stowell of Beeston MBE PC (born 1967)	15 July 2014	14 July 2016	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative
	15 July 2014	14 July 2016	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Cameron II
The Right Honourable Natalie Evans Baroness Evans of Bowes Park PC (born 1975)	14 July 2016	6 September 2022	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	May I
					May II
					Johnson I
					Johnson II
The Right Honourable Nicholas True Baron True CBE PC (born 1951)	6 September 2022	Incumbent	Leader of the House of Lords	Conservative	Truss
					Truss	Charles III (2022–present)
					Sunak	Charles III (2022–present)

Notes

Archdeacon of Sarum until 1426; Bishop of Norwich from 1426
Archdeacon of Oxford 1434–1442; Bishop of St David's from 1442
Dean of Salisbury until 1446; Bishop of Chichester from 1446
Dean of St Paul's until 1457
Archdeacon of Taunton until 1465; Bishop of Bath and Wells from 1466
Bishop of Rochester from 1468
Bishop of Rochester until 1472; Bishop of Lincoln from 1472
Bishop of Rochester 1476–1480; Bishop of Lincoln from 1480
Bishop of Exeter until 1492; Bishop of Bath and Wells 1492–1494; Bishop of Durham 1494–1501; Bishop of Winchester from 1501
Concurrently held the offices of Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1533, Secretary of State from 1534, and Lord Great Chamberlain in 1540
Baron Russell from 1539, created Earl of Bedford in 1551
Concurrently held the office of Secretary of State
Appointed in the controversial Oxford Parliament, Bourchier is sometimes regarded as holding the office for life. However, during the Interregnum Bourchier was identified as a Delinquent by Parliamentarians and use of the Privy Seal ended. Until the Restoration of Charles II the Great Seal was the primary seal of government, for which the custody held in commission.
Marquess of Normanby from 1694; created Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703
Earl of Wharton from 1706; created Marquess of Wharton in 1715
Baron Gower from 1709; created Earl Gower in 1746
The Prince of Wales served as Prince Regent from 5 February 1811.
Earl Gower from 1754; created Marquess of Stafford in 1786
Served as President of the Board of Control from September 1828
Served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster October 1840 – June 1841
Served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster from May 1894
Served as President of the Board of Trade from March 1905
Served as Leader of the House of Lords from April 1908
Earl of Crewe from 1895; created Marquess of Crewe July 1911
Served as Secretary of State for the Colonies until November 1910
Served as Secretary of State for India November 1910 – March 1911; and from May 1911
Served as President of the Air Board from May 1916
MP for Hitchin until 1923; created Viscount Cecil of Chelwood December 1923
Served as Leader of the House of Lords from April 1925
Served as Paymaster General July 1946 – March 1947
Served as Paymaster General July 1948 – April 1949
Served as Minister of Materials from July 1951
Served as Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations from March 1952
Served as Secretary of State for the Home Department from January 1957

Other countries

Keeper of the seals of France
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan
Keeper of the Rulers' Seal of Malaysia

Citations

"Ministerial and other Salaries Act 1975". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
Beckett, Francis (1997). Clem Attlee: A Biography. London: Richard Cohen. p. 285. ISBN 9781860661013.
Beckett, Francis (2000). Clem Attlee: A Biography. London: Politico's Publishing. p. 285 at archive.org. ISBN 9781902301709.
Sayers, Jane. "The English Royal Chancery" (PDF). Retrieved 3 January 2012.

References

Sergeant, John (2002). Give me ten seconds. Pan Books. ISBN 0-330-48490-7.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[5] Archdeacon of Sarum until 1426; Bishop of Norwich from 1426

[6] Archdeacon of Oxford 1434–1442; Bishop of St David's from 1442

[7] Dean of Salisbury until 1446; Bishop of Chichester from 1446

[8] Dean of St Paul's until 1457

[9] Archdeacon of Taunton until 1465; Bishop of Bath and Wells from 1466

[10] Bishop of Rochester from 1468

[11] Bishop of Rochester until 1472; Bishop of Lincoln from 1472

[12] Bishop of Rochester 1476–1480; Bishop of Lincoln from 1480

[13] Bishop of Exeter until 1492; Bishop of Bath and Wells 1492–1494; Bishop of Durham 1494–1501; Bishop of Winchester from 1501

[14] Concurrently held the offices of Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1533, Secretary of State from 1534, and Lord Great Chamberlain in 1540

[15] Baron Russell from 1539, created Earl of Bedford in 1551

[16] Concurrently held the office of Secretary of State

[17] Appointed in the controversial Oxford Parliament, Bourchier is sometimes regarded as holding the office for life. However, during the Interregnum Bourchier was identified as a Delinquent by Parliamentarians and use of the Privy Seal ended. Until the Restoration of Charles II the Great Seal was the primary seal of government, for which the custody held in commission.

[18] Marquess of Normanby from 1694; created Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703

[19] Earl of Wharton from 1706; created Marquess of Wharton in 1715

[20] Baron Gower from 1709; created Earl Gower in 1746

[21] The Prince of Wales served as Prince Regent from 5 February 1811.

[22] Earl Gower from 1754; created Marquess of Stafford in 1786

[23] Served as President of the Board of Control from September 1828

[24] Served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster October 1840 – June 1841

[25] Served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster from May 1894

[26] Served as President of the Board of Trade from March 1905

[27] Served as Leader of the House of Lords from April 1908

[28] Earl of Crewe from 1895; created Marquess of Crewe July 1911

[29] Served as Secretary of State for the Colonies until November 1910

[30] Served as Secretary of State for India November 1910 – March 1911; and from May 1911

[31] Served as President of the Air Board from May 1916

[32] MP for Hitchin until 1923; created Viscount Cecil of Chelwood December 1923

[33] Served as Leader of the House of Lords from April 1925

[34] Served as Paymaster General July 1946 – March 1947

[35] Served as Paymaster General July 1948 – April 1949

[36] Served as Minister of Materials from July 1951

[37] Served as Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations from March 1952

[38] Served as Secretary of State for the Home Department from January 1957

[1] "Ministerial and other Salaries Act 1975". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 19 March 2018.

[2] Beckett, Francis (1997). Clem Attlee: A Biography. London: Richard Cohen. p. 285. ISBN 9781860661013.

[3] Beckett, Francis (2000). Clem Attlee: A Biography. London: Politico's Publishing. p. 285 at archive.org. ISBN 9781902301709.

[4] Sayers, Jane. "The English Royal Chancery" (PDF). Retrieved 3 January 2012.

Royal Household in England, Scotland and the United Kingdom
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Other positions	Defence Services Secretary Astronomer Royal Astronomer Royal for Scotland Geographer Royal Justiciar (1102–1261) Knight Marischal Personal aide-de-camp Armour-Bearer and Squire of His Majesty's Body King's Flag Sergeant Field Officer in Brigade Waiting Warden of the Mint (1216–1829) Gentleman Usher Gentleman Usher to the Sword of State His Majesty's Botanist King's Bargemaster Funeral directors

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