Ministry of Education (India)

The Ministry of Education (abbr. MoE; formerly the Ministry of Human Resource Development from 1985 to 2020) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education.[1] The Ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

Ministry of Education
Ministry overview
Formed15 August 1947 (1947-08-15)
JurisdictionGovernment of India
HeadquartersShastri Bhawan,
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road,
New Delhi
Annual budget₹104,278 crore (US$13 billion) (2022–23)
Minister responsible
Deputy Ministers responsible
  • Subhas Sarkar, Minister of State
  • Annapurna Devi Yadav, Minister of State
  • Rajkumar Ranjan Singh, Minister of State
Ministry executives
  • Mr .Dhruv Chawla , IIT , Governor of Delhi
  • Anita Karwal, IAS
Child agencies
  • Department of School Education and Literacy
  • Department of Higher Education
Websiteeducation.gov.in
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The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers.[2] India had the Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) and with the public announcement of newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to Ministry of Education.[3]

Policy

The new National Education Policy 2020 was passed on 29 July 2020 by the Union Council of Ministers. The NEP 2020 replaced the existing National Policy on Education, 1986.[4] Under the NEP 2020, the name of the Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD) was changed to Ministry of Education (MoE). Numerous new educational institutes, bodies and concepts were legislated under NEP 2020.[5]

Department of School Education and Literacy

The Department of School Education and Literacy is responsible for the development of school education and literacy in the country.

  • Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)
  • Central Tibetan School Administration (CTSA)
  • Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS)
  • National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)
  • National Council for Teacher Education
  • National Foundation for Teachers' Welfare
  • National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)
  • Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (NVS)

Department of Higher Education

The Department of Higher Education is in charge of secondary and post-secondary education. The department is empowered to grant deemed university status to educational institutions on the advice of the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India, under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission (UGC) Act, 1956.[6][7][8] The Department of Higher Education takes care of one of the largest higher education systems of the world, just after the United States and China. The department is engaged in bringing world-class opportunities of higher education and research to the country so that Indian students are not found lacking when facing an international platform. For this, the government has launched joint ventures and signed MoUs to help the Indian students benefit from world opinion. The technical education system in the country can be broadly classified into three categories – Central Government funded institutions, State Government/State-funded institutions & Self-financed institutions. The 122 Centrally funded institution of technical and science education are as under: List of centrally funded technical institutions: IIITs (25), IITs (23), IIMs (20), IISc Bangalore, IISERs (7 - Berhampur, Bhopal, Kolkata, Mohali, Pune, Thiruvananthapuram, Tirupati), NITs (31), NITTTRs (4), and 9 others (SPA, ISMU, NERIST, SLIET, IIEST, NITIE & NIFFT, CIT)[9]

Organisational structure

The department is divided into eight bureaus, and most of the work of the department is handled through over 100 autonomous organisations under these bureaus.[10]

University and Higher Education; Minorities Education
  • University Grants Commission (UGC)
  • Education Research and Development Organisation (ERDO)
  • Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR)
  • Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR)
  • Indian Council of Philosophical Research (ICPR)
  • 52 Central university (India) as on 11.09.2021 list issued by University Grants Commission

Technical Education
  • All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE)[11][12]
  • Council of Architecture (COA)[13]
  • 23 Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)
  • 31 National Institutes of Technology (NITs)
  • 25 Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs)
  • Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (IIEST)
  • 20 Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)[14]
  • Indian Institute of Science (IISc)
  • 7 Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs)
  • North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology (NERIST)
  • National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE)
  • National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology (NIFFT)
  • 4 National Institutes of Technical Teachers' Training & Research (NITTTRs)[15] (Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai and Kolkata)
  • 4 Regional Boards of Apprenticeship / Practical Training
  • 3 School of Planning and Architecture (SPAs)
Three Deemed Universities in the field of Sanskrit, viz.
  • Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (RSkS) in New Delhi,
  • Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth (SLBSRSV) New Delhi,
  • Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth (RSV) Tirupati
Others
  • Kendriya Hindi Sansthan (KHS), Agra
  • English and Foreign Language University (EFLU), Hyderabad
  • National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language (NCPUL)
  • University of Delhi (DU)
  • National Council for Promotion of Sindhi Language (NCPSL)
  • Three subordinate offices: Central Hindi Directorate (CHD), New Delhi; Commission for Scientific & Technological Terminology (CSTT), New Delhi; and Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL), Mysore
  • Distance Education and Scholarships
    • Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU)
  • UNESCO, International Cooperation, Book Promotion and Copyrights, Education Policy, Planning and Monitoring
  • Integrated Finance Division.
  • Statistics, Annual Plan and CMIS
  • Administrative Reform, North Eastern Region, SC/ST/OBC

Others

Objectives

The main objectives of the Ministry are:

  • Formulating the National Policy on Education and to ensure that it is implemented in letter and spirit
  • Planned development, including expanding access and improving quality of the educational institutions throughout the country, including in regions where people do not have easy access to education.
  • Paying special attention to disadvantaged groups like the poor, females and the minorities
  • Provide financial help in the form of scholarships, loan subsidy, etc. to deserving students from deprived sections of the society.
  • Encouraging international cooperation in the field of education, including working closely with the UNESCO and foreign governments as well as Universities, to enhance the educational opportunities in the country.

MoE's Innovation Cell (MIC)

MHRD’s Innovation Cell, now renamed as MoE's Innovation Cell, was established in Aug 2018[17] by Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) at All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) to systematically foster the culture of innovation, entrepreneurship and startups in all major Higher Education Institutions in India.[18] Abhay Jere was appointed as first Chief Innovation Officer.[19][20]

Major initiatives of MIC
  1. Smart India Hackathon (SIH)[21]
  2. Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA)[22]
  3. Institution’s Innovation Council (IICs)[23]
  4. National Innovation and Start-up Policy for Students and Faculties in HEIs (NISP)[24]
  5. Innovation Ambassadors Program[25]
  6. MBA/PGDM program in Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Venture Development (IEV)[26]

National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)

In April 2016, Ministry of Human Resource Development published the first list of rankings of Indian colleges under National Institutional Ranking Framework.[27][28][29] The entire ranking exercise involved NBA, All India Council for Technical Education, UGC, Thomson Reuters, Elsevier and INFLIBNET (Information & Library Network) centre.[30][31] The ranking framework was launched in September 2015.[32] All 122 centrally-funded institutions – including all central universities, IITs and IIMs – participated in the first round of ranking.[33][34]

List of Ministers
No. Portrait Name Term of office Prime Minister Party
1 Maulana Abul Kalam Azad 15 August 1947 22 January 1958 10 years, 160 days Jawaharlal Nehru Indian National Congress
2 K. L. Shrimali[lower-alpha 1] 22 January 1958 31 August 1963 5 years, 221 days
3 Humayun Kabir 1 September 1963 21 November 1963 81 days
4 M. C. Chagla 21 November 1963 13 November 1966 2 years, 357 days Nehru
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Indira Gandhi
5 Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 14 November 1966 13 March 1967 119 days Indira Gandhi
6 Triguna Sen 16 March 1967 14 February 1969 1 year, 335 days
7 V. K. R. V. Rao 14 February 1969 18 March 1971 2 years, 32 days
8 Siddhartha Shankar Ray 18 March 1971 20 March 1972 1 year, 2 days
9 S. Nurul Hasan[lower-alpha 2] 24 March 1972 24 March 1977 5 years, 0 days
10 Pratap Chandra Chunder 26 March 1977 28 July 1979 2 years, 124 days Morarji Desai Janata Party
11 Karan Singh 30 July 1979 14 January 1980 168 days Charan Singh Indian National Congress (Urs)
12 B. Shankaranand 14 January 1980 17 October 1980 277 days Indira Gandhi Indian National Congress
13 Shankarrao Chavan 17 October 1980 8 August 1981 295 days
14 Sheila Kaul[lower-alpha 3] 10 August 1981 31 December 1984 3 years, 143 days Indira Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi
15 K. C. Pant 31 December 1984 25 September 1985 268 days Rajiv Gandhi
16 P. V. Narasimha Rao

(Minister of Human Resource Development)

 25 September 1985 25 June 1988 2 years, 274 days Rajiv Gandhi
17 P. Shiv Shankar 25 June 1988 2 December 1989 1 year, 160 days
18 V. P. Singh 2 December 1989 10 November 1990 343 days V. P. Singh Janata Dal
(National Front)
19 Raj Mangal Pande 21 November 1990 21 June 1991 212 days Chandra Shekhar Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)
20 Arjun Singh 23 June 1991 24 December 1994 3 years, 184 days P. V. Narasimha Rao Indian National Congress
(16) P. V. Narasimha Rao 25 December 1994 9 February 1995 47 days
21 Madhavrao Scindia 10 February 1995 17 January 1996 341 days
(16) P. V. Narasimha Rao 17 January 1996 16 May 1996 120 days
22 Atal Bihari Vajpayee 16 May 1996 1 June 1996 16 days Atal Bihari Vajpayee Bharatiya Janata Party
23 S. R. Bommai 5 June 1996 19 March 1998 1 year, 287 days H. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral		 Janata Dal
24 Murli Manohar Joshi 19 March 1998 22 May 2004 6 years, 64 days Atal Bihari Vajpayee Bharatiya Janata Party
25 Arjun Singh 22 May 2004 22 May 2009 5 years, 0 days Manmohan Singh Indian National Congress
26 Kapil Sibal 29 May 2009 29 October 2012 3 years, 153 days
27 M. M. Pallam Raju 30 October 2012 26 May 2014 1 year, 208 days
28 Smriti Irani 26 May 2014 5 July 2016 2 years, 40 days Narendra Modi Bharatiya Janata Party
29 Prakash Javadekar 5 July 2016 30 May 2019 2 years, 329 days
30 Ramesh Pokhriyal

(Minister of Education from 29-Jul-2020 onwards)[35]

 30 May 2019 7 July 2021 2 years, 38 days
31 Dharmendra Pradhan 7 July 2021 Incumbent 1 year, 119 days

List of Ministers of State
Ministers of State in the Ministry of Education
Minister of state Portrait Term Prime Minister Political Party
Ram Shankar Katheria 9 November 2014 5 July 2016 1 year, 239 days Narendra Modi Bharatiya Janata Party
Mahendra Nath Pandey 5 July 2016 3 September 2017 1 year, 60 days
Upendra Kushwaha 9 November 2014 11 December 2018 4 years, 32 days Rashtriya Lok Samta Party
Satya Pal Singh 3 September 2017 30 May 2019 1 year, 269 days Bharatiya Janata Party
Sanjay Dhotre
(Minister of State For Education from 29 July 2020 onwards)		 31 May 2019 7 July 2021 2 years, 37 days
Subhas Sarkar 8 July 2021 Incumbent 1 year, 118 days
Rajkumar Ranjan Singh
Annpurna Devi

See also
  • National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research, Chennai
  • Directorate of Language Planning and Implementation
  • U-DISE

Notes
  1. Minister of State till 10 August 1962
  2. Minister of State
  3. Minister of State

References
  1. "HRD Ministry Renamed as Ministry of Education as Modi Cabinet Reverses Change Made by Rajiv Gandhi". News18. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  2. MHRD Who's who
  3. Yadav, Shyamlal. "How India's Education Ministry became 'HRD Ministry', and then returned to embrace Education". The Indian Express. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  4. "Cabinet Approves National Education Policy 2020, paving way for transformational reforms in school and higher education systems in the country". pib.gov.in. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  5. "Union Cabinet Approves New National Education Policy". NDTV. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  6. "UGC Act-1956" (PDF). mhrd.gov.in/. Secretary, University Grants Commission. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  7. "Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IISST) Thiruvananthapuram Declared as Deemed to be University". Ministry of Human Resource Development (India), Press Information Bureau. 14 July 2008.
  8. "IIST gets deemed university status". The Hindu. 15 July 2008. Archived from the original on 18 July 2008.
  9. "MHRD Funded Technical Institutions |". Archived from the original on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2014..
  10. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Archived 29 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine Department of Higher Education.
  11. Technical Education Overview Archived 5 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine Dept of Ed.
  12. National Level Councils Archived 1 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine Tech Ed.
  13. Council of Architecture website. Coa.gov.in (1 September 1972). Retrieved on 14 April 2012.
  14. "Technical Education – Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development".
  15. "NITTTRs | Government of India, All India Council for Technical Education". www.aicte-india.org.
  16. "National University of Educational Planning and Administration". Archived from the original on 3 July 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2012.
  17. "Innovation cell at AICTE formed". Deccan Chronicle. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  18. "About MHRD'S Innovation Cell | MHRD". www.mic.gov.in. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  19. "Next generation should be problem solvers, says Abhay Jere, chief innovation officer". Hindustan Times. 2 August 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  20. "First Innovation Day Witnessed Huge Participation". NDTV.com. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  21. "SIH". www.sih.gov.in. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  22. "ARIIA | Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements". www.ariia.gov.in. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  23. "Institution's Innovation Council- An Initiative of Ministry of HRD". Institution's Innovation Council.
  24. "National Innovation and Start-up Policy for Students and Faculties in HEIs (NISP)".
  25. "IIC INNOVATION AMBASSADOR PROGRAM".
  26. "MBA/PGDM program in Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Venture Development".
  27. "National Institutional Ranking Framework 2016". MHRD. 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
  28. "HRD Ministry announces universities ranking, JNU, HCU, IIT M, IIM B top the list". 5 April 2016.
  29. Special Correspondent. "University ranking: At least four TN-run universities in the list". The Hindu.
  30. "JNU, Hyderabad univ among top 10 varsities: Survey | India News". The Times of India.
  31. Samarth Bansal. "Claims of institutions not cross-checked". The Hindu.
  32. Staff Writer (4 April 2016). "IISc ranked India's best university; IIM-B tops B-School list". Livemint.
  33. "Is your institute one of India's best? Check out the best ranked universities in India!".
  34. "IIMB ranked No 1 in the India Rankings 2016 in the Management Education category – Indian Institute of Management Bangalore".
  35. "HRD Ministry Renamed as Ministry of Education as Modi Cabinet Reverses Change Made by Rajiv Gandhi". News18. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
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