Trials of Mana

Trials of Mana, also known by its Japanese title Seiken Densetsu 3,[lower-alpha 1] is a 1995 action role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Super Famicom. It is the sequel to the 1993 game Secret of Mana, and is the third installment in the Mana series. Set in a high fantasy world, the game follows three heroes as they attempt to claim the legendary Mana Sword and prevent the Benevodons from being unleashed and destroying the world. It features three main plotlines and six different possible main characters, each with their own storylines, and allows two players to play simultaneously. Trials of Mana builds on the gameplay of its predecessor with multiple enhancements, including the use of a time progression system with transitions from day to night and weekday to weekday in game time, and a wide range of character classes to choose from, which provides each character with an exclusive set of skills and status progression.

Trials of Mana
Japanese Super Famicom box art
Developer(s)Square
Publisher(s)Square
Director(s)Hiromichi Tanaka
Producer(s)Tetsuhisa Tsuruzono
Designer(s)Koichi Ishii
Artist(s)
  • Koichi Ishii
  • Nobuteru Yūki
  • Hiroo Isono
Composer(s)Hiroki Kikuta
SeriesMana
Platform(s)
Release
  • JP: September 30, 1995
Genre(s)Action role-playing
Mode(s)Single-player, multiplayer

The game was designed by series creator Koichi Ishii, directed by veteran Square designer Hiromichi Tanaka, and produced by Tetsuhisa Tsuruzono. Artwork was produced by manga and anime artist Nobuteru Yūki, while the music was composed by Secret of Mana composer Hiroki Kikuta. Although the game was only published in Japan, English-speaking players had been able to play Seiken Densetsu 3 due to an unofficial English fan translation released in 1999. Seiken Densetsu 3 received considerable acclaim from reviewers, who praised the graphics as among the best ever made for the Super Famicom and the gameplay as an improved version of its predecessor's. The plot received mixed reviews by critics, who found the overlapping stories to be interesting and to enhance replayability, but the characters and plotlines themselves to be flat and clichéd. Overall, the game is considered by some critics to be a Super Famicom classic.

In June 2017, the game was included in the Seiken Densetsu Collection release for the Nintendo Switch in Japan; the collection was released in June 2019 in North America and the PAL region as Collection of Mana with Seiken Densetsu 3 titled Trials of Mana. A 3D remake of the same name was announced alongside it, and released worldwide in April 2020 for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch, and PlayStation 4.

Gameplay
Angela, Duran, and Riesz fighting Land Umber, the Earth Benevodon

Trials of Mana has similar gameplay to its predecessor, Secret of Mana. Like many other role-playing games of the 16-bit era, the game displays a top-down perspective, in which the three player characters navigate the terrain and fight off hostile creatures. Control may be passed between each of the characters at any time; the companions not currently selected are controlled by artificial intelligence. The game may be played simultaneously by two players, as opposed to the three of Secret of Mana.[1][2] There are six possible player characters. At the beginning of the game, the player chooses which three of them will be playable and which one they will start with; the other two playable characters will join the party when met. The remaining three characters act as non-playable characters (NPCs) when encountered.[3]

Each character can use one type of weapon, in addition to magical spells. The effectiveness of spells depends on the magical ability of the character and the element of the spell in relation to the enemy.[4] When in battle mode, attacking monsters fills a gauge that allows the player to use character-specific special attacks.[1] Upon collecting enough experience points in battle, each character can increase in level to gain improved character statistics such as strength and evasion.[5] Options such as changing equipment, casting spells, or checking status are performed by cycling through the game's Ring Commands—a circular menu which hovers over the controlled party member. The game is paused whenever the Ring Command menu is activated. Within the Ring, the player has nine slots for storing items; additional items can be placed into item storage, which is inaccessible in combat.[4]

Character level progression is coordinated by the player, as a choice is given as to which statistic to raise by a point at every level up. A "class" system is also present. Once a character reaches level 18, the player can visit one of several Mana Stones located throughout the game and choose to upgrade them to one of two classes for each character—either a class aligned to "Light" or a class aligned to "Dark"—which provides a different set of skills and different improvements to character statistics. A second class change may be optionally performed at level 38, again split between a light and a dark choice, if the player has obtained a required rare item for the target class. The class changes do not affect the plot of the game, only gameplay.[4][5]

Trials of Mana also employs a calendar function into its gameplay. A week cycles much more quickly than an actual one, with a day passing in a matter of minutes. Each day of the week is represented by a different elemental spirit. On that spirit's day, magic of that element will be slightly stronger. An in-game day is also divided into day and night. Certain events only happen during certain times of day, such as a nighttime-only black market selling particularly rare items. Enemies encountered in the field also change during certain time periods, and some may be sleeping if the characters approach them at night. In addition, the character Kevin transforms into a werewolf when he fights at night, greatly increasing his attack power. Using an inn's services allows the player to "skip" the game's clock to that day's evening, or the following morning.[6]

Story

Setting

The story takes place in a fictional world where Mana represents an ethereal, but finite, energy source. Some time in the past, the Mana Goddess created the game's world by forging the powerful Sword of Mana and defeating eight monsters of destruction, the Benevodons—"God Beasts" in earlier translations—with it, sealing them within eight Mana Stones, before turning herself into the Mana Tree and falling asleep.[7] The game is set at a time when Mana starts to fade and peace has ended, as several people plot to unleash the Benevodons from the stones so as to gain ultimate power.[8] The game is not a direct sequel to the events in Secret of Mana; according to series creator Koichi Ishii in 2006, the Mana games do not take place in exactly the same world, and characters or elements that appear in different games are best considered alternate versions of each other. Instead, the connections between each title are more abstract than story-based.[9] Despite this statement, the 2007 game Heroes of Mana is a direct prequel to Trials of Mana, taking place 19 years before the latter's story.[10]

Characters

The characters (and their individual stories) are grouped into three main sub-plots. Duran and Angela oppose the Crimson Wizard and the Dragon Lord, Hawkeye and Riesz oppose Belladonna and the Dark Majesty, Kevin and Charlotte oppose Goremand and the Masked Mage.[lower-alpha 2] The main storyline is determined by the first character chosen, though there is significantly more character interaction and dialogue if the other member of the pair is also in the party.[5]

  • Duran[lower-alpha 3] is an orphaned mercenary swordsman of Valsena, Kingdom of the Plains. His father, Loki the Golden Knight, was lost in battle with the Dragon Emperor, and his mother passed away of sickness soon after.[11] One night, Duran is on guard duty at the castle of Valsena when the Crimson Wizard attacks the castle and murders several soldiers. Duran confronts him, only to be defeated easily and left for dead. After recovering, he vows to become the best swordsman in the world and to exact his revenge upon the Crimson Wizard.[12]
  • Angela[lower-alpha 4] is the princess of the ice-covered Magic Kingdom of Altena, though she herself has little to no potential in magic unlike everyone else in the kingdom. Her mother, Queen Valda uses her magic to keep the citadel in Altena in a perpetual Spring, but the spell weakens as Mana starts to fade. To power the spell, she and her assistant the Crimson Wizard decide to invade other nations to claim their Mana Stones, though the spell to use the Stone is fatal to the caster. When the Queen tries to force Angela to use it after deeming her useless for her lack of magic, she flees from Altena and strives to become a powerful mage so that her mother would accept her again.[13]
  • Kevin[lower-alpha 5] is the half-human prince of Ferolia. His father, Gauser the Beast King, is sick of the treatment of his people by "normal" humans. His desired revenge is made possible by the appearance of Goremand, who shows the king his abilities by forcing Kevin to awaken his werewolf abilities by killing Kevin's best friend. When Kevin confronts the Beast King on this act and the King's plans to invade the human Holy City Wendel, Kevin is thrown out of the kingdom and swears revenge. He also seeks to find a way to bring Karl back to life and learn the fate of his human mother.[14]
  • Charlotte[lower-alpha 6] is the half-elf granddaughter of the Priest of Light in Wendel. An orphan, she is looked after by a fellow cleric, Heath. Feeling an evil influence in nearby Jadd, the Priest of Light sends Heath to investigate, but Charlotte follows to witness Goremand abduct Heath, so she decides to go out on a journey to save him.[15]
  • Hawkeye[lower-alpha 7] is a member of a guild of noble thieves based in the desert Sand Fortress of Nevarl. The guild's leader, Lord Flamekhan, suddenly and uncharacteristically declares Nevarl to be a kingdom.[16] Hawkeye decides to confront Flamekhan about it, only to discover he is being controlled by the witch Isabella. Isabella kills Eagle, Flamekhan's son and Hawkeye's friend, framing Hawkeye for his death and forcing him to flee.[17]
  • Riesz[lower-alpha 8] is the princess of the mountainous Wind Kingdom of Laurent and captain of its Amazon army. Two mysterious ninjas from Nevarl trick her younger brother Elliott into turning off Laurent's protective winds and kidnap him. With the winds gone, Nevarl attacks Laurent with a cloud of sleep powder and kills its king. Devastated, Riesz makes her escape and seeks out to find her lost brother.[18]

Plot

The story begins in a different place for each playable character. With the exception of Charlotte, the main character is soon told (or otherwise decides) to seek the advice of the Priest of Light in the Holy City Wendel. They arrive at the city of Jadd soon after the Beastmen have invaded. Due to the Beastmen's werewolf powers, they are able to make an escape by night. The main character—now including Charlotte—on the way to Wendel stays overnight in Astoria where they are woken by a bright light.[19] Following it, it reveals itself to be a Faerie from the Sanctuary of Mana, exhausted by her journey. Out of desperation, the Faerie chooses the main character to be her host, and tells them to get to Wendel. There, while they explain their grievances to the Priest of Light, the Faerie interrupts and explains that the Mana Tree is dying and that the Sanctuary is in danger. The Priest explains that if the Tree dies, the Benevodons will reawaken and destroy the world.[20] He goes on to explain further that, because the Faerie has chosen the main character as its host, they must travel to the Sanctuary to draw the Sword of Mana from the foot of the Mana Tree.[21] They can then restore peace to the world, and have their wishes granted by the Mana Goddess if the sword is drawn before the Tree dies.[22] A great deal of power is needed to open the gate to the Sanctuary. The Faerie does not have the strength to do it, and the ancient spell which would do so by unlocking the power in the Mana Stones also takes the caster's life. The Stones' guarding elemental spirits, however, will to be able to open the gate if their powers are combined.[23]

After journeying across the world to get the spirits, meeting the other two members of the party, thwarting the invasion attempts of Nevarl and Altena, discovering the powers of the Fire and Water Mana Stones, and learning the disappearance of the Mana Stone of Darkness along the way, the main character tries to open the gate to the Sanctuary of Mana with the spirits' assistance.[24] The first attempt fails, but the second succeeds; the Faerie realizes that it was opened because someone else released the power from all the Mana Stones.[25] The characters travel into the Sanctuary and the main character claims the Mana Sword. It is then discovered that the main character's adversaries—the Crimson Wizard and the Darkshine Knight for Angela and Duran; Malocchio and Isabella for Riesz and Hawkeye; or Goremand and a mind-controlled Heath, for Kevin and Charlotte—have defeated the other two sets of primary enemies. The remaining adversaries capture the Faerie and will only release her in exchange for the Mana Sword. The trade is made, and once the enemy receives the Sword, the Mana Stones shatter and the Benevodons are released.[26]

The characters must then defeat the Benevodons before they can gather and destroy the world. However, after doing this they realize killing the Benevodons has given more power to their main enemy, who their personal enemies were working for—the Dragon Lord for Duran and Angela, the Dark Majesty for Hawkeye and Riesz, and the Masked Mage for Kevin and Charlotte.[27] The already powerful villain absorbs the power of the Sword of Mana and the Benevodons in order to become a god, but is halted by the Mana Goddess blocking some of its power.[28] After defeating the villain's minions, the characters go and defeat their main enemy, but are unable to stop him from destroying the Mana Tree and eliminating all Mana from the world.[29] The Faerie then fuses with what is left of the Mana Tree; she will be reborn as the Mana Goddess in a thousand years, but until then Mana will not exist in the world. As the game ends, the characters go back to their homelands.[30]

Development
Game director Hiromichi Tanaka in 2007.

Seiken Densetsu 3 was designed by series creator Koichi Ishii. The game was directed by Hiromichi Tanaka and produced by Tetsuhisa Tsuruzono.[31] Tanaka had previously worked on several titles for Square, including as a designer on the first three Final Fantasy titles.[32][33] Manga and anime artist Nobuteru Yūki was responsible for the character concept artwork, based on designs by Ishii.[31] Production began in 1993, beginning with a lengthy period of trial-and-error where several prototype designs were created and scrapped.[34] As the next generation of console hardware was close to release, the team were unable to "prolong" production or keep its existence quiet as they had done with Secret of Mana. The team also had difficulties keeping staff, as many were being brought into the teams of other Super Famicom titles such as Chrono Trigger and Romancing SaGa 3 to get them finished. Programmers in particular were in demand, and Tanaka remembered "fighting" with Hironobu Sakaguchi for staff.[35] A downloadable demo saw a limited release on July 1, 1995 for the Super Famicom's Satellaview broadcast peripheral.[36]

The original intent was for a "continuation" of Secret of Mana, but the team ultimately scrapped all they had produced for the previous game and built Trials of Mana from scratch to become a more action-oriented title. The team wanted to get as close as possible to 3D graphics, with the design and background teams working in tandem to create multiple graphical layers.[34] Some cut content from Secret of Mana, particularly monster designs, was reused for Trials of Mana.[34] The final product was very large, with the team pushing the Super Famicom cartridge to capacity.[37] A part cut from Trials of Mana before release was the end boss in the volcano dungeon; while planned from the outset, the team were short on time and so had to drop it.[35]

The theme of the game is "independence".[38] Ishii explained this as meaning he wanted the characters to have a sense of camaraderie through sharing each other's problems.[35] The story kept a light tone, mostly due to Tanaka's insistence and Yūki's artwork. Each character was designed around both gameplay and narrative archetypes, providing players with variety and having quirks related to how they were raised. Duran was portrayed as a typical serious heroic figure, with Hawkeye being his direct opposite. Kevin was included as the team wanted a transforming character. Charlotte was compared to Popoi from Secret of Mana, as she had a cheerful demeanour despite a dark past. Angela appears selfish and brash due to the neglect from her mother, while Riesz's narrative focuses on her "brother complex" due to losing her own mother at a young age.[34] The artwork was designed to emulate a picture book more than anything realistic, emphasised with the use of soft colors.[38] Much of the basic narrative was conceived by Tanaka, though due to hardware limitations and production time, the amount of variation between individual storylines was limited.[35]

Localization

During the game's development and after its release in Japan on September 30, 1995, Seiken Densetsu 3 became known abroad as Secret of Mana 2,[39][40][41] though a preview in Next Generation in August 1995 called it by its original name, despite still stating it to be a sequel to Secret of Mana.[3] The preview noted the six characters, calendar system, and a game world "three to four times" the size of the previous game, though it also reported that the game would be playable by three players, not two.[3] Square stated in a 1995 issue of its North American newsletter that they planned to release the game during the second half of the year.[42] A second preview in Next Generation in February 1996, calling the game Secret of Mana 2, stated that the game's North American release had been canceled by Square's American branch due to programming bugs that they deemed impossible to fix in a timely manner.[43]

Before 2019, Seiken Densetsu 3 was not released outside Japan. Retro Gamer stated in 2011 that localizing the game for North America or Europe "would have cost a fortune", and that the rise of the competing PlayStation and Sega Saturn consoles diminished the benefits of spending so much on a Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) game.[44] Another proposed reason was lackluster sales of Secret of Mana overseas.[32] Nintendo Power, a few months after Seiken Densetsu 3 was released in Japan, said that the probability of a North American release for the game was low due to issues of "a technical nature" and that it would have been far too costly to produce at the time.[45] This is further supported by Brian Fehdrau, lead programmer for Square's contemporary game Secret of Evermore, who mentioned that Seiken Densetsu 3 had some software bugs, hindering its likelihood of being certified for release by Nintendo of America without extensive work.[46] In 2020, series producer Masaru Oyamada revealed that the size of the game meant there was no spare capacity on the cartridge for localization data.[37]

There was an apparent misconception among video game fans that the SNES title Secret of Evermore was released in lieu of an English language version of Seiken Densetsu 3 in 1995.[47][48] Secret of Evermore was developed by a new team at Square's office in Redmond, Washington called Square Soft. According to Fehdrau, no one who worked on the Evermore project would have been involved in a translation of Seiken Densetsu 3; the Redmond team was specifically hired to create Evermore.[46] In 1999, a fan translation project for Seiken Densetsu 3 led by Neill Corlett was successfully completed and made available on the internet as an unofficial patch, which could be applied to ROMs of the game when played with an emulator or played on a Super NES console with a development kit or backup device.[49]

Following the Japanese release of the Seiken Densetsu Collection, a compilation of the first three games of the Mana series, for the Nintendo Switch on June 1, 2017,[50] staff at Square Enix became aware of overseas interest for the compilation. During the development for the upcoming remake, members of Square Enix's Western teams suggested that the original title be made available as well. In order to localize the game, a revisiting of the original development environment for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System was done, which required assistance from Nintendo.[51] There was little trouble with localizing the title due to the expanded storage capacities of the Switch.[37] Work on localizing the game to English and other European languages took about a year.[51] Ishii requested that the title include a word with the number "3" in it for the remake. Square Enix decided on "Trials of Mana" because it referred to the trials of the protagonists, only three of six characters could be selected evolving into "triangle stories", and it included the prefix "tri" bearing the number "3" in accordance with Ishii's wishes.[52] The localized game, now titled Trials of Mana, was finally brought overseas as part of the Collection of Mana, which was released on June 11, 2019 in North America and the PAL region.[53]

Music
Composer Hiroki Kikuta in 2011
Seiken Densetsu 3 Original Sound Version
Soundtrack album by
Hiroki Kikuta
ReleasedAugust 25, 1995
GenreVideo game soundtrack
Length3:19:21
LabelNTT Publishing/Square

The score for Seiken Densetsu 3 was composed by Hiroki Kikuta, who had previously composed the music for Secret of Mana as his first video game score.[54] Kikuta performed the sound selection, editing, effect design, and data encoding himself. Just as he did for Secret of Mana, Kikuta spent nearly 24 hours a day in his office, alternating between composing and editing to create a soundtrack that would be, according to him, "immersive" and "three-dimensional".[55] Similarly, rather than use premade MIDI samples of instruments like most game music composers of the time, Kikuta made his own MIDI samples that matched the hardware capabilities of the Super Famicom so that he would know exactly how the pieces would sound on the system's hardware instead of having to deal with audio hardware differences between the original MIDI sampler and the SNES.[56] The soundtrack's music has been described by Freddie W. of RPGFan as "bouncy, energetic, flowing, and serene", and is noted for its use of piano and drums.[57][58] He further called it a "more refined and matured" version of the Secret of Mana soundtrack.[57]

The 1995 soundtrack album Seiken Densetsu 3 Original Sound Version collects 60 tracks of music from Seiken Densetsu 3. It was published by NTT Publishing, and republished by Square Enix in 2004.[59] The main theme from Secret of Mana, "Angel's Fear", is also featured in Seiken Densetsu 3 as a part of "Where Angels Fear to Tread".[58] In addition to the original soundtrack album, an arranged album of music from Secret of Mana and Seiken Densetsu 3 was produced in 1993 as Secret of Mana+. The music in the album was all composed and arranged by Kikuta. Secret of Mana+ contains a single track, titled "Secret of Mana", that incorporates themes from the music of both Secret of Mana and Seiken Densetsu 3, which was still under development at the time.[60] The style of the album has been described by critics as "experimental", using "strange sounds" such as waterfalls, bird calls, cell phone sounds, and "typing" sounds.[61] Secret of Mana+ was originally published by NTT Publishing/Square, and was reprinted by NTT Publishing in 1995 and 2004.[61]

The track "Meridian Child" from the original soundtrack was performed by the Kanagawa Philharmonic Orchestra for the fifth Orchestral Game Concert in 1996.[62] "Meridian Child" was again performed on February 6, 2011, when the Eminence Symphony Orchestra played a concert in Tokyo as part of the Game Music Laboratory concert series as a tribute to the music of Kenji Ito and Hiroki Kikuta.[63] One of the companion books of sheet music for the Mana series, the first edition of Seiken Densetsu Best Collection Piano Solo Sheet Music, included pieces from Seiken Densetsu 3, rewritten by Asako Niwa as beginning to intermediate level piano solos, though intended to sound like the originals.[64]

Reception

Due to its Japanese exclusivity, most of the English-language reviews for Seiken Densetsu 3 were published years after the initial release. One contemporary English-language review was in 1995 in GameFan, which covered import games and rated the game highly.[66] The Japanese Famitsu review also rated the game highly, though slightly lower than Secret of Mana.[65][68] The Brazilian SuperGamePower magazine also gave it a positive contemporary review, noting it as having some of the best graphics of any game on the SNES.[67] Critics have also rated the game highly in retrospective reviews, published mostly after the release of the fan translation patch in 2000. The graphics were praised; a review from 1UP.com called the game "absolutely gorgeous", which they attributed to its position towards the end of the era of 2D SNES games, but before developers tried to start working with prerendered 3D graphics.[47] A review by Chris Parsons of RPGamer agreed, terming the graphics "awesome" and positively comparing some of the effects to PlayStation RPGs, which the Cubed3 review by Adam Riley did as well.[5][6] A preview by Next Generation written after the release of the game in Japan stated that the detailed graphics "puts just about every other recent 32-bit RPG to shame", while the review by Corbie Dillard of Nintendo Life also noted the game as one of the best graphically on the SNES and called out the unique visual styles of each area in the game as of particular note.[1][43] The game's music was also generally praised; Nintendo Life's Dillard called it "spectacular from start to finish", while Cubed3's Riley said it was "one of the most sonically pleasing out of the whole SNES lifetime" and RPGamer's Parsons said that "a wonderful job was done in the composition of the music".[1][5][6] The Next Generation preview praised both the quality of the soundtrack and the musical continuity from the Secret of Mana soundtrack.[43]

The gameplay was highly rated by most reviewers, though the combat system had detractors. Dillard of Nintendo Life felt that the gameplay was as good as that of Secret of Mana and it had "a much more strategic feel to it".[1] The 1UP.com and Cubed3 reviews also brought up the day and time system as interesting additions, though the 1UP.com reviewer felt that the combat was not "quite as tight" as in Secret of Mana.[6][47] The Next Generation preview, while acknowledging that several flaws in the Secret of Mana combat system had been corrected and praising the boss battles, felt that the computer-controlled characters showed no sense of tactics, resulting in a free-for-all.[43] A review by JeuxVideo.com also noted several improvements in the combat system over the prior game, but felt that battles could turn into a chaotic mass of attacks and numbers.[4] Parsons of RPGamer also called out the Ring system as being flawed, as he found it frustrating that the menu could not be brought up while a character was performing an action, making boss battles hectic and difficult.[5] The JeuxVideo.com reviewer also took issue with this restriction.[4]

The plot received mixed reviews; while several reviewers praised the system of choosing different main characters, especially its effect on replayability, Cubed3's Riley felt that it meant that the story "can be quite confusing".[6] Parsons noted that the interactions with the characters that were not chosen often left plot holes, as their motivations were not explained.[5] The Famitsu review praised the replayability of the branching narrative.[65] The Next Generation preview, while praising the multiple storylines as an innovation in the genre, felt that it had been attached to a "magic-and-monsters fantasy-formula" plot.[43] The 1UP.com reviewer agreed, saying that the plot was not "too terribly engaging", suffering from clichés and flat characters.[47]

Overall, the game is regarded by many as a SNES classic; Nintendo Life's Dillard stated that it was "easily one of the best RPGs to come out of the 16-bit era", while the 1UP.com reviewer said that if it had been officially translated into English it "very likely would have become a fondly remembered classic".[1][47]

Remake

A remake of the game, released under the official localized title, was announced at E3 2019 for a worldwide release for the PlayStation 4, Nintendo Switch, and Windows PC in early 2020.[69] It was released worldwide on April 24 of that year.[70] Beginning production in 2017, the remake was produced with the aim of staying true to the original while reimagining it using 3D graphics and with an expanded, modernized gameplay system.[71][72]

Notes
  1. Japanese: 聖剣伝説 (せいけんでんせつ)3, lit. The Legend of the Sacred Sword 3
  2. Character names are taken from the official English release in the Collection of Mana, which differ from the Corlett fansub translation
  3. Japanese: デュラン, Hepburn: Dyuran
  4. Japanese: アンジェラ, Hepburn: Anjera
  5. Japanese: ケヴィン, Hepburn: Kevin
  6. Japanese: シャルロット, Hepburn: Sharurotto
  7. Japanese: ホークアイ, Hepburn: Hōkuai
  8. Japanese: リース, Hepburn: Rīsu

References
  1. Dillard, Corbie (March 19, 2010). "Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super Nintendo) Review". Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
  2. Musashi (February 22, 1999). "RPGFan Reviews – Secret of Mana". RPGFan. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2008.
  3. "Seiken Densetsu 3". Next Generation. Imagine Media. 1 (8): 39. August 1995. ISSN 1078-9693.
  4. "Test du jeu Seiken Densetsu 3 sur SNES". JeuxVideo.com (in French). L'Odyssée Interactive. August 20, 2010. Archived from the original on September 25, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2015.
  5. Parsons, Chris. "Seiken Densetsu 3 – Review". RPGamer. Archived from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
  6. Riley, Adam (October 3, 2006). "Seiken Densetsu 3 / Secret Of Mana 2". Cubed3. Archived from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
  7. Square Enix (September 30, 1993). Trials of Mana (Nintendo Switch). Square Enix. Narrator: When the world was shrouded in darkness, the Goddess of Mana drew forth the Sword of Mana to smite the eight Benevodons, monsters of destruction. She sealed the horrors inside the eight Mana Stones, bringing the real back from the brink. Weak from rebuilding the world, the Goddess changed into a tree and fell fast asleep for years.
  8. Square Enix (September 30, 1993). Trials of Mana (Nintendo Switch). Square Enix. Narrator: However, the forces of evil sought to free the Benevodons to gain control of the world. They started a terrible war to further their plot and destabilize the kingdoms. Peace was at an end. Mana itself began to disappear from the world and the Mana Tree to wither...
  9. "Children of Mana Interview". RPGamer. October 6, 2006. Archived from the original on August 26, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2007.
  10. Parish, Jeremy (April 5, 2007). "Heroes of Mana Preview". 1UP.com. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
  11. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Narrator: Duran... Mercenary of the grasslands country, Forcena. His father, Loki, served the kingdom as one of the elite "Knights of Gold". But at a time in Duran's young days, Loki went away, never to be seen again[...] Prince Richard: Simone, I'm sorry... Loki was rushing in, trying to save me, and...he and the Dragon Emperor both fell into a bottomless pit...
  12. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Knight: Last night a mysterious wizard infiltrated the castle and killed all the guards that were on duty except for Duran who just barely survived.
  13. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Angela: My name is Angela... I'm the princess of Altena! [...] My mother was so cruel to me... she was about to trade my life for some stupid mana stone! [...] I didn't know where to go, so I headed out into the snowfield... [...] You mean Koren? The Wizard of the Red Lotus? Don't be stupid! [...] He and Mother tried to kill me!
  14. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Kevin: My precious friend, Karl... Karl and me, no mother, so always together... But on day... Karl attack me! After that, I dunno... my body feel real hot... When I came to... I killed Karl. I am beastman, but... not like the ones who attacked Jadd... My blood Half human... After meeting Karl, I learn about friendship, and trust... The beast King trick Karl into attacking me! My beastman blood... Karl... When I found out... I attack the Beast King... but no good...
  15. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Carlie: Heath is a nice priest who took care of Carlie because she had no mama and Papa... grandpapa told Heath to go to Astoria! I don't want nothing to happen to my favorite Heath! So Mick helped me escape... But when I met Heath, a bad man kidnapped him!
  16. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Hawk: Nevarl Kingdom? What is Lord Flamekhan up to? He's always taken pride in being a thief. Why would he go and do this all of a sudden?
  17. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Eagle: Who is that? What did you do to Father!? [...] Isabella: Now boys, some things are better left secret. [...] Alright, no more fun and games. Bill: What's going on? ...Hawk!!! What did you do to Sir Eagle? [...] Isabella: Murdering your own friend is a serious offense...
  18. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Lise: I am the princess of Laurent, and the leader of the Amazon army, after my late mother... The desert raiders of Nevarl used Prince Eliott to infiltrate the castle... The winds that normally protect the castle, ceased... They used that opportunity to spread a sleeping powder through the castle... After that, they killed my father, the King, and kidnapped Eliott...
  19. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Old Man: This is the lakeshore village of Astoria. Woman with Blue Bonnet: The Holy City, Wendel, is on the other side of the lake. [...] Blond Hair Woman: The city of Jadd was taken over by Beastmen... what if they come here!? [...] Old Man: Did you see that light too? I've never seen anything like it in my life! Blue Hair Girl: Hey, inside that light... I thought I saw a little faerie...
  20. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Faerie: My Priest, I have traveled here from the Mana Holy Land... The Mana Tree is starting to wither, the Mana is disappearing from the land... Priest of Light: A faerie has arrived from the holy land? This is a terrible portent! If the Mana Tree dies the eight God Beasts will awaken to reclaim this world!
  21. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Priest of Light: That means you must go to the Mana Holy Land... you are the only one who can draw the Sword of Mana! Faerie: I'm sorry... but... the declining power of Mana makes it difficult for me... I have to be inside someone, in order to survive over this side... Duran: Okay... so, you're done with me, right? Now you can go inside the Priest or something... Priest of Light: It's not a simple, I'm afraid... Once the faerie chooses a host, it can't leave until the host dies...
  22. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Priest of Light: If the sword is drawn before the Mana Tree dies, there may yet be hope... the Goddess will awaken and save the world. Your wishes may be granted as well.
  23. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Priest of Light: There was once an ancient spell, which could control the Stones' energy... war erupted for control of the spell, and the world was torn apart... the bloodshed ended after a curse was put on the spell... making it to take the caster's life. The spell was lost soon after that. [...] Faerie: The eight spirits who guarded the Mana Stones... they could probably help us. With their combined energy, we may even be able to open the gate...
  24. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Scholar: I've been studying the history of the Mana Stones. Long ago, there were eight Mana Stones, but today we only know the locations of seven of them. The missing one is the Mana Stone of Darkness.
  25. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Duran: Almost there! Try it again! [...] Faerie: Thank you everyone, but the Mana isn't strong enough. I'm going to try one more time... Wait, no! It wasn't me! I didn't do anything! The gate opened itself...? This could only mean... the energy from the Mana Stones has been released! Their power combined with mine... that's why the gate rose up into the sky!
  26. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Koren: If you want to see the queen, or the faerie, alive... hand over the Sword of Mana. [...] I'm going to take the Sword now. If you so much as move an inch, they're both dead. [...] Darkshine Knight: By the power of the Dragon Emperor, we will shape it into a dark blade... [...] We're wasting our time. Let us now released the God Beasts... [...] Faerie: Then it's begun... The Mana Stones are about to break apart...
  27. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Faerie: This is a trap! We've been defeating the God Beasts in order to release their power... Now the Sword of Mana contains the power of all eight! Duran: Wait a minute... Are you saying we've been helping the enemy all along!?
  28. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Dragon Emperor: The Sword... is no more. It's dark power now rests within me! [...] Goddess, you never know when to give up! This foolish attempt to stop me will fail, as well!
  29. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Dragon Emperor: You leave me no choice! I'll cut down the Mana Tree, and that will be the end of it! [...] It is done! The Goddess of Mana is dead. [...] The Faeries are born of the Mana Tree... and with the Mana Tree they shall die. Observe, as a new world is born!
  30. Square (September 30, 1993). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super NES (fan translation)). Square. Faerie: Thank you for not losing hope... but the Mana Tree is dead. Mana is gone from this world... No... don't worry. I will return someday... as the new Goddess. The Faerie is the Mana Tree's seed. When she meets the three Heroes... who believe in her... ...She becomes the new Goddess. Remember me... because a thousand years from now... Mana will return to your world.
  31. Square (September 30, 1995). Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super Famicom) (in Japanese). Square.
  32. Schaufelberger, Fredrik (2006). "The truth about Mana". LEVEL (in Swedish). International Data Group (6): 114–120. Translation
  33. 電撃オンライン > インタビュー > 『ファイナルファンタジーIII』. Dengeki Online (in Japanese). 2006. Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  34. "Seiken Densetsu 3 – 1995 Developer Interview". Shmuplations. Archived from the original on August 25, 2019. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
  35. 『聖剣伝説3』石井浩一氏＆田中弘道氏インタビュー。オリジナル版開発者が語る、トライアングルストーリー誕生の経緯やキャラクター制作秘話. Famitsu (in Japanese). May 2, 2020. Archived from the original on May 2, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  36. 聖剣伝説3. Satellaview Tsūshin (in Japanese). No. 4. ASCII Corporation. August 1995. pp. 10–11.
  37. Vincent, Brittany (May 5, 2020). "'Trials of Mana': The Decades-Long Journey to Bring a Missing Franchise Entry to the West". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  38. 聖剣伝説3. Famitsu (in Japanese). No. January 2015. Enterbrain. May 19, 1995. pp. 68–71.
  39. West, Neil (September 1994). "Interview with Ted Woolsey". Super Play. Future plc. ISSN 0966-6192. Archived from the original on April 30, 2013.
  40. "Feature: Chrono Cross Development Team Interview and Contest". GamePro. IDG. December 1, 2000. Archived from the original on February 15, 2005. Retrieved June 26, 2008.
  41. "Secret of Mana 2". GameFan. Diehard Gamers Club. 3 (12). December 1995. ISSN 1092-7212.
  42. "Around the Corner". Ogopogo Examiner. Square (4). 1994.
  43. "Secret of Mana 2". Next Generation. Imagine Media. 2 (14): 120–121. February 1996. ISSN 1078-9693.
  44. Day, Ashley (February 2011). "Featured: The Secrets of Mana". Retro Gamer. Imagine Publishing (85): 24–31. ISSN 1742-3155.
  45. "Epic Center: The Rising Sun". Nintendo Power. No. 79. Nintendo. December 1995. p. 51. ISSN 1041-9551.
  46. Dillard, Corbie (April 1, 2009). "Interview with Brian Fehdrau (Secret of Evermore)". Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on August 15, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2012.
  47. "Seiken Densetsu 3 Review". 1UP.com. Ziff Davis. January 1, 2000. Archived from the original on November 24, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
  48. "RPGFan Reviews – Secret of Evermore". RPGFan. March 3, 2001. Archived from the original on July 24, 2014. Retrieved June 28, 2008.
  49. Castro, Radford (October 25, 2004). "The World of Emulation". Let Me Play: Stories of Gaming and Emulation. Hats Off Books. pp. 171–172. ISBN 1-58736-349-6.
  50. Barder, Ollie (June 1, 2017). "The Switch Gets A New 'Secret Of Mana' Game Collection But Only in Japan". Forbes. Archived from the original on July 1, 2017. Retrieved July 27, 2017.
  51. Nintendo Life Staff (June 19, 2019). "Feature: Behind The Scenes On Collection Of Mana And Trials Of Mana". Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on July 7, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  52. 『聖剣伝説3』待望のリメイク作は、アクション性の高いバトルと、進化したイベント演出が見どころ。小山田＆田付Pインタビュー. Famitsu (in Japanese). June 12, 2019. Archived from the original on June 11, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  53. Schrier, Jason (June 11, 2019). "Collection Of Mana Comes To Switch, Including An English Seiken Densetsu 3, And It's Out Today". Kotaku. Univision Communications. Archived from the original on June 11, 2019. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
  54. Jeriaska; Kikuta, Hiroki (June 16, 2007). "Hiroki Kikuta: Lost Files Regained". Square Haven. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014. Retrieved November 17, 2009.
  55. Jeriaska; Yamamoto, Taka (June 9, 2007). "Where Angels Fear to Tread: A Conversation with Hiroki Kikuta". Square Haven. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
  56. Jeriaska (August 31, 2009). "Interview: Magical Planet – The Music of Hiroki Kikuta & Yoko Shimomura". Gamasutra. UBM. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
  57. W., Freddie (June 10, 2000). "Seiken Densetsu 3 OSV". RPGFan. Archived from the original on August 2, 2014. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  58. "Seiken Densetsu 3 Original Sound Version :: Review by Z-Freak". Square Enix Music Online. Archived from the original on March 13, 2014. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  59. "Seiken Densetsu 3 Original Sound Version". Square Enix Music Online. Archived from the original on March 13, 2014. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
  60. Greening, Chris. "Secret of Mana + :: Review by Chris". Square Enix Music Online. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  61. Kalabakov, Daniel (May 19, 2002). "Secret of Mana +". RPGFan. Archived from the original on August 2, 2014. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  62. Game Music Concert 5 ~Live Best Collection~ (album). Sony Music Entertainment. January 21, 1996.
  63. Napolitano, Jayson (March 24, 2011). "Game Music Laboratory Unplugged Concert Feat. Hiroki Kikuta and Kenji Ito". Original Sound Version. Archived from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
  64. "Mana Series :: Sheet Music Books". Square Enix Music Online. Archived from the original on May 15, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2009.
  65. 聖剣伝説3 [スーパーファミコン] [Seiken Densetsu 3 (Super Famicom)]. Famitsu (in Japanese). Enterbrain. Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
  66. "Secret of Mana 3". GameFan. No. 36. DieHard Gamers Club. December 1995. ISSN 1092-7212.
  67. "Secret of Mana 2". SuperGamePower (in Portuguese). No. 24. March 1996. p. 34.
  68. 読者が選ぶ心のベストゲーム100. Weekly Famitsu (in Japanese). No. 900. Enterbrain. March 3, 2006. p. 4.
  69. Romano, Sal (June 11, 2019). "Seiken Densetsu 3 remake Trials of Mana announced for PS4, Switch, and PC". Gematsu. Archived from the original on June 15, 2019. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
  70. Romano, Sal (September 4, 2019). "Trials of Mana launches April 24, 2020". Gematsu. Archived from the original on September 5, 2019. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
  71. 『聖剣伝説3』はなぜフルリメイクとなったのか。開発陣インタビューで明らかになった変更点とは【電撃PS】. Dengeki Online (in Japanese). June 21, 2019. Archived from the original on March 21, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
  72. Heaney, Duncan (September 23, 2019). "Trials of Mana interview: How do you make a remake?". Square Enix. Archived from the original on March 21, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.