Chapel

The earliest Christian places of worship were not dedicated buildings but rather a dedicated chamber within a building, such as a room in an individual's home. Here one or two people could pray without being part of a communion/congregation. People who like to use chapels may find it peaceful and relaxing to be away from the stress of life, without other people moving around them.

The Cappella Palatina in Palermo (illustrated) and the Palatine Chapel in Aachen are two of the most famous palace chapels of Europe.

The word "chapel", like the associated word "chaplain", is ultimately derived from Latin.[7] More specifically, the word "chapel" is derived from a relic of Saint Martin of Tours: traditional stories about Martin relate that while he was still a soldier, he cut his military cloak in half to give part to a beggar in need. The other half he wore over his shoulders as a "small cape" (Latin: capella). The beggar, the stories claim, was Christ in disguise, and Martin experienced a conversion of heart, becoming first a monk, then abbot, then bishop. This cape came into the possession of the Frankish kings, and they kept the relic with them as they did battle. The tent which kept the cape was called the capella and the priests who said daily Mass in the tent were known as the capellani. From these words, via Old French, we get the names "chapel" and "chaplain".

The word also appears in the Irish language in the Middle Ages, as Welsh people came with the Norman and Old English invaders to the island of Ireland. While the traditional Irish word for church was eaglais (derived from ecclesia), a new word, séipéal (from cappella), came into usage.

Capel Salem, a nonconformist chapel in Pwllheli, Wales. Unlike earlier types of chapel, this is not attached to a larger place of worship.

In British history, "chapel" or "meeting house" were formerly the standard designations for church buildings belonging to independent or Nonconformist religious societies and their members. They were particularly associated with the pre-eminence of independent religious practice in rural regions of England and Wales, the northern industrial towns of the late 18th and 19th centuries, and centres of population close to but outside the City of London. As a result, "chapel" is sometimes used as an adjective in the UK to describe the members of such churches: for example in the sentence "I'm Chapel."

The Chapel of the Kalevankangas Cemetery in Tampere, Finland

While the word "chapel" is not exclusively limited to Christian terminology, it is most often found in that context. Nonetheless, the word's meaning can vary by denomination, and non-denominational chapels (sometimes called "meditation rooms") can be found in many hospitals, airports, and even the United Nations headquarters. Chapels can also be found for worship in Judaism.

The word "chapel" is in particularly common usage in the United Kingdom, and especially in Wales, for Nonconformist places of worship;[9] and in Scotland and Ireland for Roman Catholic churches. In England and Wales, due to the rise in Nonconformist chapels during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, by the time of the 1851 census, more people attended the independent chapels than attended the state religion's Anglican churches. (The Anglican Church does not function as the established church in Scotland.)

In Roman Catholic Church canon law, a chapel, technically called an "oratory", is a building or part thereof dedicated to the celebration of services, particularly the Mass, which is not a parish church. This may be a private chapel, for the use of one person or a select group (a bishop's private chapel, or the chapel of a convent, for instance); a semi-public oratory, which is partially available to the general public (a seminary chapel that welcomes visitors to services, for instance); or a public oratory (for instance, a hospital or university chapel).

Chapels that are built as part of a larger church are holy areas set aside for some specific use or purpose: for instance, many cathedrals and large churches have a "Lady Chapel" in the apse, dedicated to the Virgin Mary; parish churches may have such a "Lady Chapel" in a side aisle or a "Chapel of Reservation" or "Blessed Sacrament Chapel" where the consecrated bread of the Eucharist is kept in reserve between services, for the purpose of taking Holy Communion to the sick and housebound and, in some Christian traditions, for devotional purposes.

Common uses of the word chapel today include:

• Side-chapel – a chapel within a cathedral or larger church building.
• Lady chapel – really a form of side chapel, but notable separately as such chapels are common in the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. They are dedicated to the veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
• Ambassador's chapel – originally created to allow ambassadors from Catholic countries to worship whilst on duty in Protestant countries.
• Bishop's chapel – in Anglican and Roman Catholic canon law, bishops have the right to have a chapel in their own home, even when travelling (such personal chapels may be granted only as a favor to other priests)
• Chapel of rest – not a place of worship as such, but a comfortably decorated room in a funeral director's premises, where family and friends can view the deceased before a funeral.
• Chapel of ease – constructed in large parishes to allow parishioners easy access to a church or chapel.
• Multifaith chapel – found within hospitals, airports and universities, etc.; often converted from being exclusively Christian.
• Summer chapel – a small church in a resort area that functions only during the summer when vacationers are present.
• Wayside chapel or Country chapel – small chapels in the countryside
• Military chapel – U.S. military bases often have chapels designated for use by varying denominations. As no specific denomination or faith is the "owner", such a site is commonly referred to as a chapel instead of a church, mosque, or synagogue. Service members can often receive services for nondenominational Christian, Roman Catholic, Islamic, and Jewish faiths, as well as information for other services in the local area.
• Wedding chapel – a venue for weddings.
• Funeral chapel – a venue for funerals at a funeral home, cemetery or crematorium.

The first airport chapel was created in 1951 in Boston for airport workers but grew to include travelers. It was originally Catholic, but chapels today are often multifaith.[10]

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  Teller Chapel in Tartu, Estonia
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  The Little Chapel, Guernsey
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  Chapelle Saint-Sixte d'Eygalières, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence, France
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  St. Dimitrius Chapel on the beach of Olympiaki Akti, Greece
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  Methodist Chapel in Kent, Ohio, United States
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  Confederate Memorial Chapel, Richmond, Virginia, United States
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  Vassar Chapel Interior, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York
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  Interior of Heinz Chapel, University of Pittsburgh
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  Forest chapel in Heiligendamm, Bad Doberan, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
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  Processional Chapel in Varennes, Quebec
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  Turvey Abbey, chapel interior
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  Open Chapel in Steinfurt, Germany
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  Eton College Chapel in Eton College, England
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  Avon Old Farms School - the chapel
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  Chapel in the Wood, Strawberry Hill House, near London
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  Chapel in the Armenian Cathedral Deir Ez Zor
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  Gothic Chapel (15th century) in The Chrobry Square, Police, Poland
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  Guards Chapel, Wellington Barracks, London, largely rebuilt after bombing in 1944
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  Cappella degli Scrovegni in Padua, Italy
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  Chapel in Mirachowo, Kashubia (bd. 1740)
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  Chapel at Callaway Gardens in holiday resort
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  German castle chapel
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  Memorial Chapel at Lake Junaluska
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  The modern presidential chapel (left) of the Palácio da Alvorada, the official residence of the President of Brazil
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  Funeral chapel at Woodlands Crematorium, Scarborough, England

• Castle chapel
• Chapel (music)
• Church (building)
• Meeting house
• Sacri Monti
• Corpse road
• Railroad chapel car
• Capilla abierta
• Capilla posa

• Media related to Chapels at Wikimedia Commons
• "Chapel" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911.
• Russian chapels photo gallery