UEFA Euro 2000 Final

The UEFA Euro 2000 Final was the final match of Euro 2000, the eleventh European Football Championship, UEFA's top football competition for national teams. The match was played at De Kuip in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on 2 July 2000 and was contested between France and Italy. France were drawn in Group D alongside the Netherlands, Denmark and the Czech Republic. France ended the group stage as runners-up to the Netherlands, and defeated Spain in the quarter-finals before progressing to the final with a victory over Portugal in the semi-final after a penalty shoot-out. Italy were allocated to Group B alongside Turkey, Belgium and Sweden and won the group. In the quarter-final they defeated Romania before a semi-final penalty shoot-out victory over the Netherlands saw them progress to the final.

UEFA Euro 2000 Final
The final took place at De Kuip (pictured in 2014) in Rotterdam.
EventUEFA Euro 2000
After golden goal extra time
Date2 July 2000 (2000-07-02)
VenueDe Kuip, Rotterdam
Man of the MatchFrancesco Totti (Italy)
RefereeAnders Frisk (Sweden)
Attendance50,000
WeatherMostly cloudy
20 °C (68 °F)
68% humidity[1]

The final took place in front of 50,000 spectators and was refereed by the Swedish official Anders Frisk. In the fifth minute, Thierry Henry struck a half-volley which hit the Italy goalpost and the first half ended goalless. In the 56th minute, Italy took the lead: Francesco Totti back-heeled the ball to Gianluca Pessotto whose cross beat both Laurent Blanc and Marcel Desailly, allowing Marco Delvecchio to score from close range. In the fourth minute of stoppage time, France's goalkeeper Fabien Barthez took a long free kick which was headed on by David Trezeguet to Sylvain Wiltord who controlled the ball with his chest before striking it through Alessandro Nesta's legs and past Italy goalkeeper Francesco Toldo into the far corner to make it 11. Two minutes before the interval in extra time, Demetrio Albertini mis-controlled a pass, allowing Pires to take the ball and cross for Trezeguet who half-volleyed it into the top corner, a golden goal for France who won their second European Championship 21.

Italy's Totti was named as UEFA's man of the match while France's Zinedine Zidane received the player of tournament accolade. Six players from each of Italy and France were selected for UEFA's squad of the tournament. In winning the final, France became the first World Cup champions to also win the European Championship title.

Background

UEFA Euro 2000 was the eleventh edition of the UEFA European Football Championship, UEFA's football competition for national teams.[2] Qualifying rounds were played on a home-and-away round-robin tournament basis prior to the final tournament being co-hosted by Belgium and the Netherlands, between 10 June and 2 July 2000.[3] The sixteen qualified teams were divided into four groups of four with each team playing one another once. The winners of each group then faced the runners-up from the other groups in quarter-finals. The successful teams then progressed to the semi-finals and the winners there qualified for the final.[3]

In the previous international tournament, the 1998 FIFA World Cup, France were champions, beating Brazil in the final. Italy were knocked out at the quarter-final stage by France, losing in a penalty shoot-out after the match ended goalless.[4] That match represented the last time prior to the 2000 final that the sides had faced one another. The 2000 final was the 31st meeting between the sides, with Italy winning 16, France victorious in 6, with the remainder ending in a draw.[5] Both sides had won the European Championship once before, Italy defeating Yugoslavia in the 1968 final and France beating Spain in the 1984 final.[2]

Route to the final

France

France's route to the final
Opponent Result
1 Denmark 3–0
2 Czech Republic 2–1
3 Netherlands 2–3
QF Spain 2–1
SF Portugal 2–1 (a.e.t.)

France were assigned to UEFA Euro 2000 Group D where they faced the Netherlands, Denmark and the Czech Republic.[6] In the first group match, France played Denmark on 11 June 2000 at the Jan Breydel Stadium in Bruges, Belgium.[7] Within two minutes of kick-off, a mistake from Marcel Desailly allowed Jon Dahl Tomasson to shoot but his strike was straight at France's goalkeeper Fabien Barthez. Nicolas Anelka then hit the side-netting of the Denmark goal before Laurent Blanc scored in the 16th minute.[8] Midway through the second half, Thierry Henry doubled his side's lead after running half the length of the pitch with the ball following a pass from Zinedine Zidane and scoring past Peter Schmeichel, the Denmark goalkeeper. Sylvain Wiltord made it 30 in stoppage time from close range after a cross from Patrick Vieira.[9]

Zinedine Zidane (pictured in 2017) scored a golden goal from the penalty spot for France in their semi-final against Portugal.

France's second game in the group saw them face the Czech Republic at the Jan Breydel Stadium on 16 June 2000.[10] Pavel Nedvěd forced Barthez to make an early save and in the fifth minute, Jiří Němec crossed for Jan Koller whose header was wide. Two minutes later, France took the lead through Henry who intercepted a weak backpass from Petr Gabriel to strike the ball under Pavel Srníček, the Czech Republic goalkeeper, and into the net. Both sides missed chances to score but in the 35th minute, Karel Poborský equalised for the Czech Republic from the penalty spot after Didier Deschamps was adjudged to have fouled Nedvěd inside the France penalty area. In the 60th minute, France retook the lead when Youri Djorkaeff scored from a Henry pass, and although Koller hit the France crossbar, the match ended 21.[11]

The final group match saw France play the Netherlands at Amsterdam Arena in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. on 21 June 2000.[12] Christophe Dugarry gave France the lead in the eighth minute when he headed in a corner from Johan Micoud. Six minutes later, Dennis Bergkamp passed to Patrick Kluivert who equalised with a shot across Frances goalkeeper Bernard Lama. In the 31st minute, Jaap Stam made a clearing header which Wiltord struck goalbound: the ball was deflected by David Trezeguet and ended in the Netherlands' goal to make it 21. Dugarry missed a chance to score early in the second half before Frank de Boer struck a direct free kick into the top corner of the France goal in the 51st minute. Eight minutes later, Desailly failed to head clear a long goal kick from Sander Westerveld and Boudewijn Zenden scored to make it 32 to the Netherlands, which remained the final score.[13]

As runners-up in Group D,[6] France's quarter-final opponents were Group C winners Spain who they faced at the Jan Breydel Stadium on 25 June 2000.[6][14] Both Vieira and Dugarry missed headers early in the game before Pep Guardiola's free kick was punched away by Barthez. He then pushed Raúl's shot over the bar and then Pedro Munitis shot wide of France's goal.[15] In the 32nd minute, Agustín Aranzábal fouled Djorkaeff and Zidane struck the resulting free kick into the top corner of Spain's goal to give France a 10 lead. Six minutes later, Lilian Thuram brought down Munitis in the France penalty area and Gaizka Mendieta scored the resulting penalty kick, striking the ball down the middle as Barthez dived to the right. With a minute of the half remaining, France re-took the lead when Djorkaeff struck the ball past Santiago Cañizares, the Spain goalkeeper. In the final minute of the match, Barthez fouled Abelardo Fernández in the France box but Raúl struck the penalty high over the frame of the goal and the match ended 21.[16]

In the semi-final, France played Portugal at the King Baudouin Stadium in Brussels, Belgium, on 28 June 2000.[17] In the 19th minute, Sérgio Conceição dispossessed Deschamps and the ball fell to Nuno Gomes who struck a half-volley past Barthez to give Portugal a 10 lead at half-time. Six minutes into the second half, Anelka passed to Henry whose shot clipped Fernando Couto on its way into the Portugal goal to level the score. Vítor Baía saved a volley from Emmanuel Petit and the match went into extra time, where early on, João Pinto's shot went wide. With six minutes of the additional thirty remaining, Wiltod's shot was handballed by Abel Xavier and after considerable protest from Portugal, including Luís Figo leaving the pitch altogether, Zidane scored the resulting penalty, a golden goal, to send France to the final for the first time since 1984.[18]

Italy

Italy's route to the final
Opponent Result
1 Turkey 2–1
2 Belgium 2–0
3 Sweden 2–1
QF Romania 2–0
SF Netherlands 0–0 (a.e.t.) (3–1 p)

Italy were drawn in UEFA Euro 2000 Group B alongside Turkey, Belgium and Sweden.[6] Italy's first group match was against Turkey and took place at the GelreDome in Arnhem, the Netherlands, on 11 June 2000.[19] In a goalless first half, Ogün Temizkanoğlu's speculative 60-yard (55 m) strike almost gave Turkey the lead. Seven minutes into the second half, Filippo Inzaghi missed with a header before his shot rebounded off Alpay Özalan, allowing Antonio Conte to score with a overhead kick.[20] Nine minutes later, Okan Buruk equalised, beating the Italy goalkeeper Francesco Toldo to the ball with his head from a Sergen Yalçın free kick. Midway through the second half, Ogün fouled Inzaghi who scored the resulting penalty, and although Alessandro Del Piero struck the frame of the Turkey goal twice, the match ended 21 to Italy.[21]

Francesco Toldo (pictured in 2009) saved two penalties for Italy in the semi-final against the Netherlands.

Co-hosts Belgium were Italy's opponents in their second group match, played at the King Baudouin Stadium in Brussels on 14 June 2000.[22] Italy dominated the early stages with chances to score falling to Conte, Paolo Maldini and Inzaghi, before Francesco Totti headed a free kick from Demetrio Albertini to put Italy ahead. Belgium then took control and missed several opportunities to equalise and midway through the second half Stefano Fiore doubled Italy's lead, curling in a shot past Nico Van Kerckhoven, the Belgium goalkeeper, after playing a one-two with Inzaghi. Although Italy had further chances to extend their lead, the match ended 20.[21]

The final group match saw Italy face Sweden at the Philips Stadion in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, on 19 June 2000.[23] Sweden initially controlled the match with Johan Mjällby's header being cleared off the Italy goalline by Angelo Di Livio and Freddie Ljungberg shooting wide with just Toldo to beat. Luigi Di Biagio put Italy ahead six minutes before half-time when he scored with a header from Del Piero's corner. With thirteen minutes of the match remaining, Sweden equalised when Henrik Larsson received the ball from Kennet Andersson, and took it round Toldo to score. In the 88th minute, Daniel Andersson conceded possession, allowing Vincenzo Montella to pass to Del Piero who struck the ball past Magnus Hedman, the Sweden goalkeeper, to secure a 21 victory for Italy.[24]

Italy ended the group stage as winners,[6] and faced Group A runners-up Romania at the King Baudouin Stadium in Brussels on 24 June 2000.[25] Italy took the lead in the 33rd minute in what author Jonathan O'Brien described as a "one-sided affair".[26] Fiore passed to Totti who controlled the ball with his chest before striking it past the Romania goalkeeper Bogdan Stelea. Gheorghe Hagi then lobbed the ball over Toldo but it struck the post. Two minutes before half-time, Albertini passed for Inzaghi who ran on and scored past Stelea, to make it 20. Hagi was sent off in the second half after receiving two yellow cards within minutes of one another: the first for a foul on Conte which left the Italian injured and out of the remainder of the tournament, and the second for diving. The match ended 20 and Italy progressed to the last four of the competition.[27]

In the semi-final, Italy's opponents were co-hosts the Netherlands who they played at the Amsterdam Arena in Amsterdam on 29 June 2000.[28] The Netherlands dominated the early stages with Bergkamp's pass allowing Phillip Cocu to shoot off-target before Bergkamp himself hit the Italy goalpost. In the 34th minute, Italy were reduced to ten players when Gianluca Zambrotta was sent off, receiving his second yellow card of the game, this time for fouling Zenden. The Netherlands were then awarded a penalty after Alessandro Nesta fouled Kluivert but Frank de Boer's penalty was saved by Toldo. Kluivert had two chances to give the Netherlands the lead before half-time but his header was saved and his shot was wide. Fifteen minutes after the interval, Edgar Davids was fouled by Mark Iuliano but Kluivert struck the resulting penalty against the post. The game went into extra time which the Netherlands controlled without scoring, and so a penalty shoot-out was required to determine the winner.[29] Italy scored their first three penalties while Frank de Boer's strike was saved and Stam's attempt was off-target. Edwin van der Sar, the Netherlands goalkeeper, then saved from Maldini but Toldo then kept Paul Bosvelt's shot out and Italy won the shoot-out 31 to progress to their first European Championship final since 1968.[2][30]

Match

Pre-match

British bookmakers William Hill considered France to be clear favourites to win the final.[31] France were designated as the "home" team and so wore their traditional blue kit, while Italy played in white for the first time in the tournament.[31] Italy made three changes to their starting line-up from the semi-final, with Pessotto coming in for the suspended Zambrotta, Totti replacing Del Piero, and Marco Delvecchio coming in for Inzaghi. France restored Youri Djorkaeff to their team in place of Petit, and Dugarry was preferred to Anelka.[32]

Summary

The teams line up before the final

The final took place on 2 July 2000 at De Kuip in Rotterdam in front of 50,000 spectators and was refereed by the Swedish official Anders Frisk.[lower-alpha 1][34][38] After three minutes, Totti headed wide from a Fiore corner.[39] Two minutes later, Henry struck a half-volley which hit the Italy goalpost.[39] Both Di Biagio and Cannavaro were booked in the first half for fouls on Henry.[39] Zidane then took a free kick which he shot over the goal.[40]

Shortly into the second half, Zidane passed to Henry who ran with the ball but Fabio Cannavaro blocked his shot. Italy then made the first substitution of the match with Del Piero coming on to replace Fiore. In the 56th minute, Italy took the lead: Totti back-heeled the ball to Gianluca Pessotto whose cross beat both Blanc and Desailly, allowing Delvecchio to score from close range. Totti then found Del Piero who, under pressure from Thuram, struck his shot wide.[40] Dugarry was then replaced by Wiltord whose close range shot was blocked by Toldo.[39] In the 68th minute, Henry was denied a shooting opportunity by Toldo who dived at his feet to gather the ball.[39] With six minutes of the match remaining, Massimo Ambrosini passed to Del Piero but his shot hit Barthez's foot. In the fourth minute of stoppage time,[39] Barthez took a long free kick which was headed on by Trezeguet to Wiltord who controlled the ball with his chest before striking it through Nesta's legs. It crept past Toldo into the far corner to make it 11 and sent the match into extra time.[40] In the 94th minute, Toldo saved from Robert Pires, sustaining an injury to his nose in the process.[39] Two minutes before the interval in the additional period, Albertini mis-controlled a pass from Cannavaro, allowing Pires to take the ball past Albertini and Cannavaro before crossing for Trezeguet who half-volleyed it into the top corner, a golden goal for France who won their second European Championship 21.[41]

Details

France 2–1 (a.e.t./g.g.) Italy
  • Wiltord 90+4'
  • Trezeguet  103'
Report
  • Delvecchio 55'
De Kuip, Rotterdam
Attendance: 50,000[37]
Referee: Anders Frisk (Sweden)

France
Italy
GK16Fabien Barthez
RB15Lilian Thuram 58'
CB8Marcel Desailly
CB5Laurent Blanc
LB3Bixente Lizarazu 86'
CM4Patrick Vieira
CM7Didier Deschamps (c)
RW6Youri Djorkaeff 76'
AM10Zinedine Zidane
LW12Thierry Henry
CF21Christophe Dugarry 58'
Substitutions:
FW13Sylvain Wiltord 58'
FW20David Trezeguet 76'
MF11Robert Pires 86'
Manager:
Roger Lemerre
GK12Francesco Toldo
CB5Fabio Cannavaro 42'
CB13Alessandro Nesta
CB15Mark Iuliano
RWB11Gianluca Pessotto
LWB3Paolo Maldini (c)
CM4Demetrio Albertini
CM14Luigi Di Biagio 31' 66'
AM18Stefano Fiore 53'
SS20Francesco Totti 90'
CF21Marco Delvecchio 86'
Substitutions:
FW10Alessandro Del Piero 53'
MF16Massimo Ambrosini 66'
FW19Vincenzo Montella 86'
Manager:
Dino Zoff

Man of the Match:
Francesco Totti (Italy)[42][lower-alpha 2]

Assistant referees:[49]
Leif Lindberg (Sweden)
Jens Larsen (Denmark)
Fourth official:
José María García-Aranda (Spain)

Match rules[50]

  • 90 minutes.
  • 30 minutes of golden goal extra time if necessary.
  • Penalty shoot-out if scores still level.
  • Maximum of three substitutions.

Statistics

Italian supporters during the final
Overall[51]
Statistic France Italy
Goals scored 21
Total shots 1910
Shots on target 123
Ball possession 48%52%
Corner kicks 74
Fouls committed 1829
Offsides 67
Yellow cards 13
Red cards 00

Post-match

Totti was named as the man of the match while Zidane was selected as UEFA's player of the tournament.[42][3] He, and five of his teammates, alongside six Italy players, were also selected for UEFA's squad of the tournament.[3] In winning the tournament, France became the first World Cup title holder to also win the European Championship title.[3]

After the match, Henry remained defiant, noting that "everybody thought we were dead, but with the French team it is never over."[52] France's manager, Roger Lemerre, remarked on his side's determination to hold both the European Championship and World Cup titles: "It is the willpower of the team that did it ... The team wanted this trophy since the day it won the World Cup. We said that, if there was a second left, we had to go all out for it. The miracle happened and we caused it."[52] Cannavaro described Desailly as "a horse" after he had been elbowed in the face by the France player, and registered his disappointment in how he felt the France team had behaved, noting that the "French had no respect for the defeated. They are extremely arrogant."[53] Zoff, the Italy manager, said "we were sure of the victory and that victory slipped away in the last minute ... This, of course, is very serious. But you cannot say my players did not put up a fight."[54] Two days after the final, Zoff resigned as manager of Italy.[55]

The France team were greeted by thousands of supporters upon their return to Paris, at the Place de la Concorde. Desailly remarked, "I have my medal around my neck. I'm happy", while French president Jacques Chirac said, "Tonight, I am proud of France and I am proud of the French. The French team has kept its genius."[56]

In the next international tournament, the 2002 FIFA World Cup, France failed to progress from their group, finishing bottom of the table without scoring a goal. Italy were knocked out in the last-16 stage, losing 21 in extra time to South Korea.[57]

See also

  • France–Italy football rivalry

Notes

  1. Sources vary on the attendance, including 48,000,[33] 48,200,[34][35] and 51,000,[36] but UEFA's official website stipulates that there were 50,000 spectators.[37]
  2. Thierry Henry (France) was initially reported as the man of the match for the final.[43][44][45] However, UEFA subsequently recorded Francesco Totti with having won the award for the match.[46][47][48]

References

  1. "Weather History for Rotterdam, Netherlands". Weather Underground. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  2. Augustyn, Adam; C. Shepherd, Melinda; Chauhan, Yamini; Levy, Michael; Lotha, Gloria; Tikkanen, Amy (19 November 2020). "European Championship". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  3. "Euro 2000: all you need to know". UEFA. 20 February 2020. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  4. "World Cup 1998". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  5. "France national football team: record v Italy". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  6. Winkler, Pierre (17 January 2004). "European Championship 2000 – Full Details Final Tournament". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 24 November 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  7. "France v Denmark, 11 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  8. O'Brien 2021, p. 261.
  9. O'Brien 2021, p. 262.
  10. "Czech Republic v France, 16 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  11. O'Brien 2021, p. 263.
  12. "Netherlands v France, 21 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  13. O'Brien 2021, p. 265.
  14. "France v Spain, 25 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  15. O'Brien 2021, p. 270.
  16. O'Brien 2021, p. 271.
  17. "France v Portugal, 28 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  18. O'Brien 2021, p. 273.
  19. "Turkey v Italy, 11 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  20. O'Brien 2021, p. 250.
  21. O'Brien 2021, p. 251.
  22. "Belgium v Italy, 14 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  23. "Italy v Sweden, 19 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  24. O'Brien 2021, p. 252.
  25. "Italy v Romania, 24 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  26. O'Brien 2021, p. 268.
  27. O'Brien 2021, p. 269.
  28. "Netherlands v Italy, 29 June 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  29. O'Brien 2021, p. 274.
  30. O'Brien 2021, pp. 274–275.
  31. "France and Italy ready for final test". BBC Sport. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 14 September 2002. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  32. Kier 2018, p. 314.
  33. Kier 2018, p. 316.
  34. "France v Italy, 02 July 2000". 11v11. AFS Enterprises. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  35. O'Brien 2021, p. 277.
  36. Williams, Richard (3 July 2000). "France's awesome foursome". The Guardian. p. 30. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  37. "Finals". UEFA. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  38. "Frisk in charge of final showdown". BBC Sport. 30 June 2000. Archived from the original on 21 September 2002. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  39. "France win Euro 2000". BBC Sport. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  40. O'Brien 2021, p. 276.
  41. O'Brien 2021, pp. 276–277.
  42. "Every Euro man of the match since 1996". UEFA. 14 June 2020. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  43. "France 2–1 Italy". UEFA. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 11 January 2002. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
  44. "Man of the Match, France 2–1 Italy: Thierry Henry, France". UEFA. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 28 July 2001. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
  45. "France completes rare double". ESPN. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2020 via Reuters.
  46. "Euro 2000 team of the tournament". UEFA. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 21 July 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  47. Saffer, Paul (10 July 2016). "Iniesta holds off Ronaldo as man of the match master". UEFA. Archived from the original on 21 May 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
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  50. "Tournament rules". UEFA. Archived from the original on 17 August 2000. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  51. "Match statistics". UEFA. Archived from the original on 17 August 2000. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  52. "Double delight for France". BBC Sport. 2 July 2000. Archived from the original on 2 February 2003. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  53. "Desailly horse play". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 November 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  54. Bodkin, Jon (3 July 2000). "Nobody can scoff at us now, says Henry". The Guardian. p. 30. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  55. "Zoff quits as Italy coach". BBC Sport. 4 July 2000. Archived from the original on 11 November 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  56. "Wild welcome for Euro champions". BBC News. 3 July 2000. Archived from the original on 28 July 2003. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  57. Manaschev, Erlan (3 July 2008). "World Cup 2002 – Match Details". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2021.

Bibliography

  • Kier, Richard (2018). The European Championship – A Complete History (Part 3: 1996–2004). Cardiff: Rowanvale Books Ltd. ISBN 979-8-5936-3646-1.
  • O'Brien, Jonathan (2021). Euro Summits: The Story of the UEFA European Championship. Worthing: Pitch Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78531-849-8.
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