1056

Year 1056 (MLVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1056 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1056
MLVI
Ab urbe condita1809
Armenian calendar505
ԹՎ ՇԵ
Assyrian calendar5806
Balinese saka calendar977–978
Bengali calendar463
Berber calendar2006
English Regnal yearN/A
Buddhist calendar1600
Burmese calendar418
Byzantine calendar6564–6565
Chinese calendar乙未年 (Wood Goat)
3752 or 3692
     to 
丙申年 (Fire Monkey)
3753 or 3693
Coptic calendar772–773
Discordian calendar2222
Ethiopian calendar1048–1049
Hebrew calendar4816–4817
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1112–1113
 - Shaka Samvat977–978
 - Kali Yuga4156–4157
Holocene calendar11056
Igbo calendar56–57
Iranian calendar434–435
Islamic calendar447–448
Japanese calendarTengi 4
(天喜4年)
Javanese calendar959–960
Julian calendar1056
MLVI
Korean calendar3389
Minguo calendar856 before ROC
民前856年
Nanakshahi calendar−412
Seleucid era1367/1368 AG
Thai solar calendar1598–1599
Tibetan calendar阴木羊年
(female Wood-Goat)
1182 or 801 or 29
     to 
阳火猴年
(male Fire-Monkey)
1183 or 802 or 30
Coin of Emperor Michael VI (the Old)

Events

Byzantine Empire

  • August 31 Empress Theodora (a sister of the former Empress Zoë) dies after a 18-month reign, by a sudden illness at Constantinople. She is succeeded by Michael VI (the Old), who had served as military finance minister under the former Emperor Romanos III. Michael is appointed through the influence of Leo Paraspondylos, Theodora's most trusted adviser. This ends the Macedonian Dynasty.[1]
  • Theodosius, a nephew of the former Emperor Constantine IX, tries to usurp the Byzantine throne and liberates all the prisoners who flock his banner. With their support he marches through the streets of Constantinople to the Palace. There, the Varangian Guard forms outside to stop him. Theodosius loses heart and heads for Hagia Sophia. Later he is captured and exiled to Pergamum.

Europe

  • October 5 Emperor Henry III (the Black) dies after a 10-year reign at Bodfeld, an imperial hunting lodge (Königspfalz) in the Harz Mountains. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old only son Henry IV as "king of the Germans" and enthroned by Pope Victor II (also a German) at Aachen – while his mother, Empress Agnes of Poitou, becomes co-regent.[2]
  • Ottokar I, count of Steyr, becomes margrave of the Karantanian March (later known as Styria).

Britain

  • June 16 In response to the attack on Hereford Cathedral (see 1055), Leofgar the bishop of Hereford takes an army into Wales to deal with the Welsh prince Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. He along with a large number of English troops is killed in battle at Glasbury-on-Wye by the Welsh. Earl Harold Godwinson raises an army to take revenge, but comes to peaceful terms with Gruffydd.[3]

Northern Africa

  • Battle of Tabfarilla in present day Mauritania: The Almoravids are crushed by the Godala and their Emir
  • Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni falls.

Religion

Births

  • Abdallah ibn Buluggin (the Conqueror), emir of Granada
  • Al-Muqtadi, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (d. 1094)
  • Baldwin II of Mons, count of Hainaut (approximate date)
  • Ermengol IV (or Armengol), Spanish nobleman (d. 1092)
  • Fujiwara no Kiyohira, Japanese nobleman and samurai (d. 1128)
  • Hildegarde of Burgundy, French noblewoman (approximate date)
  • Ibn Tahir of Caesarea, Arab scholar and historian (d. 1113)
  • Nestor the Chronicler, Russian monk and historian (d. 1114)
  • Sæmundur Sigfússon, Icelandic priest and scholar (d. 1133)
  • William II (or William Rufus), king of England (d. 1100)
  • Zhou Bangyan, Chinese bureaucrat and ci poet (d. 1121)

Deaths

  • February 10 Æthelstan (or Athelstan), bishop of Hereford
  • February 11 Herman II (or Heriman), archbishop of Cologne
  • June 16 Leofgar (or Leovegard), bishop of Hereford
  • August 31
  • September 10 William, margrave of the Nordmark
  • October 5 Henry III (the Black), Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)[5]
  • November 25 Flann Mainistreach, Irish poet and historian
  • Áed Ua Forréid, bishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland)
  • Anselm of Liège, French chronicler (approximate date)
  • Benedict IX, pope of the Catholic Church (approximate date)
  • Ekkehard IV, Swiss monk and chronicler (approximate date)
  • Hilal al-Sabi', Buyid historian, bureaucrat and writer
  • Leo of Ohrid, Byzantine archbishop and theologian
  • Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni, Almoravid chieftain

References

  1. John Julius Norwich (1991). Byzantium: The Apogee – Michael the Aged, p. 327. ISBN 0-394-53779-3.
  2. Jonathan Riley-Smith (2004). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume IV – Part II (c. 1024–c. 1198), p. 50. ISBN 978-0-521-41411-1.
  3. Fryde, E.B.; Greenway, D.E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology, p. 217. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
  4. "Theodora - Byzantine empress [981-1056]". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
  5. "Henry III - Holy Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
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