110s

The 110s decade ran from January 1, 110, to December 31, 119.

Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
  • 110
  • 111
  • 112
  • 113
  • 114
  • 115
  • 116
  • 117
  • 118
  • 119
Categories:
  • Births
  • Deaths
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments

Events

110

By place
Roman Empire
  • The Forum of Trajan is constructed in Rome, by the Syrian architect Apollodorus of Damascus.
  • The Roman Empire has more than 75,000 kilometers (47,000 mi) of roads.
Asia

By topic
Art and Science
  • Suetonius, Roman historian, publishes Viris Illustribus ("On Famous Men" – in the field of literature).

111

By place
Roman Empire
Asia
  • Indian Emperor Senguttuvan invades the Kushan Empire, and defeats Kanishka and his brother Vijaya at Quilaluvam (near Mathura).

112


By place
Roman Empire
  • Emperor Trajan and Titus Sextius Cornelius Africanus become Roman consuls.
  • August 29 – Salonia Matidia receives the title of Augusta upon the death of Marciana.
  • Publius Cornelius Tacitus becomes governor of the Roman province of Asia.
  • Hadrian succeeds Gaius Julius Cassius Steirieus as archon of Athens.
  • Tacitus is named proconsul of the Roman province of Asia (112–113).[2]
Asia
  • King Jima succeeds Pasa as ruler of the Korean kingdom of Silla.[3]

113

By place
Roman Empire
  • Trajan's Column near the Colosseum in Rome is completed to commemorate the Emperor's victory over the Dacians in the Second Dacian War.
  • Osroes I of Parthia violates the treaty with Rome by installing a puppet ruler in Armenia. Emperor Trajan marches east, without first attempting to use diplomacy to resolve the disagreement.
  • Emperor Trajan sails from Rome to begin his expedition against Parthia. He arrives in Athens where Parthian envoys greet him with olive branches, a sign of peace.
  • Trajan declares Armenia to be annexed and it becomes a Roman province.
  • Basilica Ulpia is dedicated.
Asia
  • Last (7th) year of Yongchu era of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty.
  • "Pattini dheivam" worship is inaugurated in Kannagi Temple in the Chera Kingdom in India, by Emperor Cenkuttuvan; the function is attended by GajaBahu, king of Central Sri Lanka (Mahavamso).

114

By place
Roman Empire
  • Construction begins on the Arch of Trajan in Benevento.[4]
  • The kingdom of Osroene becomes a vassal kingdom of the Roman Empire.
  • Emperor Trajan defeats the Parthians and overruns Armenia and northern Mesopotamia.
  • A monument to Philopappos, prince-in-exile of old Commagene (a buffer-state between Rome and Parthia) is erected in Athens.
Asia
  • First year of Yuanchu era of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty.

By topic
Religion

115

By place
Roman Empire
  • Emperor Trajan is cut off in southern Mesopotamia after his invasion of that region.
  • Trajan captures the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon.
  • Jews in Egypt and Cyrene ignite a revolt (Kitos War) against the rule of the Roman Empire, which spreads to Cyprus, Judea, and the Roman province of Mesopotamia.
  • Alexandria in Egypt is destroyed during the Jewish-Greek civil wars. Marcus Rutilius Lupus, the Roman governor, sends Legio XXII Deiotariana to protect the inhabitants of Memphis.
  • A revolt breaks out in Britain; the garrison at Eboracum (York) is massacred.[5]
  • The Pantheon of Agrippa is reconstructed in Rome.
  • Lusius Quietus, Trajan's governor of Judea, begins a brutal campaign to maintain the peace in the region.
Asia

By topic
Religion

116

By place
Roman Empire
  • Emperor Trajan completes his invasion of Parthia by capturing the cities of Seleucia, Babylon, Ctesiphon and Susa, marking the high-water mark of the Roman Empire's eastern expansion.
  • Trajan makes Syria a province of Rome and crosses the Tigris to annex Adiabene. He proceeds with his army to the Persian Gulf and conquers territory that becomes the province of Parthia.
  • Trajan removes Osroes I as king of Parthia, and appoints his son Parthamaspates in his place. Parthamaspates Romanizes his name to Parthicus.
  • Trajan sends two expeditionary forces. One, consisting of elements of Legio III Cyrenaica, to suppress the revolt in Judea and the other Legio VII Claudia to restore order on Cyprus.
  • Trajan sends laureatae to the Roman Senate on account of his victories and being conqueror of Parthia.
  • Quintus Marcius Turbo sails to Alexandria and defeats the Jews in several pitched battles.
  • Jewish uprising against Rome fails.

117

By place
Roman Empire
  • Trajan subdues a Jewish revolt (the Kitos War), then falls seriously ill, leaving Hadrian in command of the east.
  • On his death bed, Trajan allegedly adopts Hadrian and designates him as his successor.
  • August 9 - 11 – Emperor Trajan dies of a stroke at Selinus in Cilicia, age 63, while en route from Mesopotamia to Italy, leaving the Roman Empire at its maximal territorial extent.
  • Hadrian, who will reign until 138, succeeds him.
    • Hadrian, a Spaniard like Trajan, as Emperor inaugurates a policy of retrenchment and cultural integration, giving up the policy of conquest of his predecessor in order to consolidate the empire.
  • Hadrian returns large parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians, as part of a peace settlement.
  • Construction begins on the Pantheon in Rome.
  • The Roman Empire reaches its greatest extent.

By topic
Commerce
  • The silver content of the Roman denarius falls to 87 percent under emperor Hadrian, down from 93 percent in the reign of Trajan.
Religion
  • John I becomes the 7th Bishop of Jerusalem.

118

By place
Roman Empire
  • Trajan's Forum (commissioned by the late Emperor Trajan) is completed with triumphal arches, columns, a market complex, and an enormous basilica, all of which replace hundreds of dwellings.
  • Emperor Hadrian is also a Roman Consul.
  • Rome has a population exceeding 1 million, making it the largest city in the world.
  • Osroene is returned to native rule by the Roman Empire.
  • Plot of the consuls: Hadrian executes four senators, all former consuls, who had been shown to have plotted against him. His relations with the Senate are strained.
  • Pantheon, in Rome, starts to be built (approximate date).
  • 118–128 – Battle of Centaurs and Wild Beasts, from Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli, Italy, is made (approximate date). It may be a copy of a painting done by the late 5th century BC Greek artist Zeuxis. It is now kept at Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Antikensammlung.
Asia
  • The north-south feud between the Hun Dynasty ends.
  • The oldest known painted depiction of a wheelbarrow is found in a Chinese tomb of Chengde, Sichuan province, dated to this year.

119

By place
Roman Empire
  • Emperor Hadrian stations Legio VI Victrix in Roman Britain, to assist in quelling the resistance of a local rebellion. The legion is key in securing the victory, and eventually replaces Legio IX Hispana at Eboracum.
  • Hadrian also visits Britain in this year at the request of governor of Britain Quintus Pompeius Falco.
  • Salonia Matidia (a niece of former Emperor Trajan) dies. Hadrian delivers her funeral oration, and grants her a temple in Rome.
Asia
  • Reign in Northern India by Nahapana, Scythian king. He attacks the kingdom of Andhra and annexes Southern Rajputana.

Significant people

Births

110

  • Hegesippus of Nazarene, Christian chronicler and writer (d. 180)[6]
  • Qiao Xuan (or Gongzu), Chinese official and chancellor (d. 184)

111

113

  • Adrianus, Greek sophist philosopher (d. 193)
  • Gnaeus Claudius Severus Arabianus, Roman senator and philosopher (d. after 176)

115

116

  • Liang Na, wife of Shun of Han (d. 150)[8]

117

  • Aelius Aristides, Greek orator (d. 181)[9]

119

  • Gaius Bruttius Praesens, Roman politician (approximate date)
  • Marina of Aguas Santas, Roman Christian martyr (d. 139)

Deaths

110

  • Duan Xi, Chinese Protector General of the Western Regions
  • Pacorus II, ruler (King of Kings ) of the Parthian Empire

112

  • Beatus of Lungern, Swiss monk and hermit
  • Pasa (the Great), Korean ruler of Silla[3]

113

115

  • Alexander I, bishop of Rome (approximate date)
  • Dio Chrysostom, Greek philosopher and historian (b. AD 40)

116

  • March 30 – Quirinus of Neuss, Roman Christian martyr according to Roman Catholic tradition
  • Abgar VII, ruler of Osroene (approximate date)
  • Ban Zhao, female Chinese historian (b. AD 49)
  • Philopappos, prince of Commagene (b. AD 65)
  • Zacchaeus of Jerusalem, bishop of Jerusalem

117

118

  • August 8 – Primus, patriarch of Alexandria
  • Aulus Cornelius Palma, Roman politician
  • Bassus of Lucera, Roman bishop and martyr
  • Gaius Avidius Nigrinus, Roman politician
  • Lucius Publilius Celsus, Roman politician
  • Lusius Quietus, Roman general and governor
  • Ren Shang, Chinese general of Han Dynasty
  • Terentian, Roman bishop and martyr

119

  • December 23 – Salonia Matidia, niece of Trajan (b. AD 68)
  • Plutarch, Greek historian and biographer (b. AD 46)[11]
  • San Secondo of Asti, Roman bishop and martyr
  • Serapia, Roman slave and martyr (approximate date)

References
  1. Johnson, Lawrence J. (2009). Worship in the Early Church: An Anthology of Historical Sources. Liturgical Press. p. 83. ISBN 9780814661970.
  2. Hazel, J. (2002). Who's who in the Roman World. Routledge who's who series. Routledge. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-415-29162-0. Retrieved 28 August 2018. Seniority brought him the governorship of the province of Asia as proconsul in 112-13.
  3. "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  4. Kleiner, Fred S. (2010). A History of Roman Art, Enhanced Edition. Cengage Learning. p. 166. ISBN 9780495909873.
  5. Waldman, Carl; Mason, Catherine (2006). Encyclopedia of European Peoples. Infobase Publishing. p. 95. ISBN 9781438129181.
  6. Thompson, Bruce D. (2018). Echoes of Contempt: A History of Judeophobia and the Christian Church. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 25. ISBN 9781532655111.
  7. "Antinous". www.rct.uk. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  8. Crespigny, Rafe de (2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD). BRILL. p. 454. ISBN 9789047411840.
  9. Wee, John Z. (2017). The Comparable Body - Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine. BRILL. p. 247. ISBN 9789004356771.
  10. Lawson, Russell M.; Services, Abc-Clio Information (2004). Science in the Ancient World: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 193. ISBN 9781851095346.
  11. "Plutarch | Biography, Works, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
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