Synonyms

• Thymele [Illiger], 1807 (rejected name – ICZN Op. 232)
  • Type species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758.
• Goniurus Hübner, [1819]: 104.
  • Type species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation by Westwood, 1852: 510.
• Eudamus Swainson, 1831, 2: pl. 48.
  • Type species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation.
• Lyroptera Plötz, 1881: 500 (nomen nudum, unavailable).
  • Type species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758.

Primary references

• Hemming, A. F., 1933. On the Types of certain butterfly genera. Entomologist 66: 196–200. Reference page. 

• Hemming, A. F., 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 1967, Suppl. 9: 1-509.Reference page. 

• Hübner, J. 1806–1838. Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge. Augsburg. 3 volumes. Vol.1, Vol.2, Vol.3. Reference page. 

• Hübner, J. 1819. Verzeichniß bekannter Schmettlinge 2–11: 17–176. BHL Reference page. 

• Plötz, C. 1880. Die Hesperiinen-Gattung Goniurus Hübner und ihre Arten. Bulletin de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou 55: 1-22. Reference page. 

• Plötz, C. 1881. Die Hesperiinen-Gattung Eudamus und ihre Arten. (1) Entomologische Zeitung 42: 500–504. Reference page. 

• Swainson, W.J. 1829–1833. Zoological Illustrations, or original figures and descriptions of new rare or interesting animals Series 2, Volumes 1–2. Vol. 1 BHL Vol. 2 BHL DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.42278 Reference page. 

• Westwood, J.O. [1851]. In Doubleday, E. & Westwood, J. O., 1850–1852: The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera Vol.2. pp.251–534, pls.31–80 + suppl.pl. London. text, plates. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Austin, G.T., 1998: Hesperiidae of Rondônia Brazil: Ridens and the "proteus" group of Urbanus, with descriptions of new species (Pyrginae). Journal of the Lepidoptersts' Society 52 (2): 166–176. Full article: .

• Bell, E.L. 1956. Descriptions of some new species of neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). American Museum novitates 1778: 1–13. PDF.Reference page. 

• Bertrand, C., Janzen, D.H., Hallwachs, W., Burns, J.M., Gibson, J.F., Shokralla, S. & Hajibabaei, M. 2014. Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenetic analysis with Sanger and next-generation sequencing shows that, in Área de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, the skipper butterfly named Urbanus belli (family Hesperiidae) comprises three morphologically cryptic species. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14:153. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-153 Reference page. 
• Freeman, H.A., 1969: Records, new species, and a new genus of Hesperiidae from Mexico (Supplement 2). The Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 23 (suppl. 2): 1–64. Full article: .

• Grishin, N.V. 2019. Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report 8(1): 1–15. PDF. Reference page. 

• Lamas, G. 2004. (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In Heppner, J.B. (ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Vol.5A, Pt.4A. Assn. for Tropical Lepidoptera/Scientific Publishers, Gainesville. 439pp. Reference page. 

• Li, W., Cong. Q., Shen, J.H., Zhang, J., Hallwachs, W., Janzen, D.H. & Grishin, N.V. 2019. Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns. PNAS 116(13): 6232–6237. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821304116. Text. SI Appendix. Reference page. 

• Steinhauser, S.R. 1981: Revision of the proteus group of the genus Urbanus Hübner (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 62: 1–41. PDF Reference page.