Taxonavigation

Familia: Tephromelataceae
Genus: Tephromela
Species: Tephromela atra
Varietas: Tephromela atra var. atra

Name

Tephromela atra (Huds.) Hafellner, 1983 var. atra

Substrate and ecology: Usually on non-calciferous rock, or sometimes calciferous rock in open montane habitats as well as coastal regions.

World distribution: Fairly cosmopolitan in Antarctica, Africa, temperate Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America

Basionym

• Lichen ater Huds., 1762

References

• Hafellner in K. Kalb, Lich. Neotropici 297 (1983)

• Atienza, V.; Pérez-Ortega, S. and Etayo, J. (2009) Two new conidial lichenicolous fungi from Spain indicate the distinction of Lichenodiplis and Minutoexcipula. - Lichenologist 41(3): 223–229.   (RLL List # 215 / Rec. # 30526 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (DOI: 10.1017/S0024282909008378)

• Kalb, K. (1983) Lichenes Neotropici ausgegeben von Klaus Kalb. Fascikel VII (No. 251-300). - Newmarkt/OPf. 8 November 1983. 16 pp.   (RLL List # 120-80 / Rec. # 9673 - Recent Literature on Lichens)

• Brodo, I.M.; Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Tephromela (pp. 675-677) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages.   (RLL List # 184 / Rec. # 22465 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra: pp. 676-677; distribution map for North America: p. 676; color photo: p. 677, plate 830)

• Dobson, F.S. (2000) (Fourth edition) Tephromela (pp. 373-374) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp.   (RLL List # 184 / Rec. # 22402 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra, map and color photo: p. 374)

• Nash III, T.H.; Kalb, K. and Rambold, G. (2004) Tephromela (pp. 530-532) In: Nash III, T.H.; Ryan, B.D.; Diederich, P.; Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 2. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 742 pages.   (RLL List # 196 / Rec. # 25965 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Tephromela atra: pp. 530-531; distribution map for the Sonoran region: p. 531)

• Purvis, O.W. (1992) Tephromela M. Choisy (1929) (pp. 589-591) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp.   (RLL List # 151 / Rec. # 15105 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra: p. 591)

• St. Clair, L.L. (1999) Tephromela A. Choisy (pp. 190-191) In, A color guidebook to common Rocky Mountain lichens. M.L. Bean Life Science Museum of Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, Publisher, 242 pp.   (RLL List # 180 / Rec. # 21417 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra and color photo: p. 191)

• Thomson, J.W. (1997) Tephromela M. Choisy (pp. 599-604) In American Arctic Lichens: 2. The Microlichens. The University of Wisconsin Press, 675 pages.   (RLL List # 170 / Rec. # 18517 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra: pp. 603-604, distribution map for the American arctic: p. 603)

• van Herk, K. and Aptroot, A. (2004) Tephromela M. Choisy (pp. 358-359) In, Veldgids Korstmossen. Koninkliijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 423 pages; in Dutch.   (RLL List # 196 / Rec. # 26085 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra: p. 358; color photo: p. 359)

• Wirth, V. (1995) Tephromela Choisy (pp. 891-894) - Teil 2 - In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German.   (RLL List # 159 / Rec. # 20405 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Discussion of Tephromela atra: p. 894; color photo: p. 893)

• Checklist to Norwegian lichens (Feb 2011)

• Checklist of Japanese Lichens

• Checklist of the lichens of Australia and its Island Territories(List T)

• Australian lichens (J.A. Elix) - Discussion of Tephromela atra.

• List of British Lichens & Lichenicolous Fungi

• USDA Plants Database

• North American Lichen Checklist, Version (#18) 13 Dec 2012

• Index Fungorum

• MycoBank

Vernacular names