Taxonavigation

Familia: Parmeliaceae
Subfamilia: Parmelioideae
Genus: Usnea
Species: Usnea cavernosa

Name

Usnea cavernosa Tuck., 1850

References

• Tuckerman, E. (1850) Enumeratio lichenum a D. Prof. Agassiz ad Lacum Superiorem, anno 1848, lectorum. - In: Agassiz, L: Lake Superior: its physical character, vegetation, and animals, compared with those of other and similar regions. Gould, Kendall and Lincoln\Boston, pp. 170-174.   (Mattick Rec.# 30333 - Recent Literature on Lichens)

• Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Usnea (pp. 709-726) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (Description of U. cavernosa and distribution map for North America: p. 714; color photo: p. 714, plate 877)

• Clerc, P. (2007) Usnea (pp. 302-335) In: Nash III, T.H., Gries, C., and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 3. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 567 pages.   (RLL List # 210 / Rec.# 29910 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (PDF file) (Description of U. cavernosa and distribution map for the Sonoran Desert Region: p. 311)

• Halonen, P., Clerc, P., Goward, T., Brodo, I.M. and Wulff, K. (1998) Synopsis of the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes) in British Columbia, Canada. The Bryologist 101(1): 36–60.   (RLL List # 170 / Rec.# 7545 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (PDF file) (JSTOR) (Description of U. cavernosa: pp. 45-46; black-and-white photo of branches with foveoles: p. 39, fig. 5a; distribution map for British Columbia: p. 42, fig. 15)

• Herrera-Campos, M.A., Clerc, P. and Nash III, T.H. (1998) Pendulous species of Usnea from temperate forests in Mexico. The Bryologist 101(2): 303–329.   (RLL List # 171 / Rec.# 8393 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (JSTOR) (Description of U. cavernosa: pp. 315 & 317; diagram of tranverse section of branch: p. 306, fig. 4c; black-and-white photo of segments of main branch: p. 307, fig. 5g; black-and-white photo of longitudinal section of branch: p. 312, fig. 10a; distribution map for Mexico: p. 314, fig 12a)

• St. Clair, L.L. (1999) Usnea (pp. 204-207) In, A color guidebook to common Rocky Mountain lichens. M.L. Bean Life Science Museum of Brigham Young University Publisher, 242 pp. (Description and color photo of U. cavernosa: p. 205)

• Thomson, J.W. (1984) Usnea (pp. 461-470). In, American Arctic Lichens: 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, 504 pages. (Description of U. cavernosa: pp. 462-463; distribution map for the Arctic: p. 463; illustration of thallus: p. 464)

• Thomson, J.W. (2003) Usnea (pp.235-241). In, Lichens of Wisconsin. Wisconsin State Herbarium, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 386 pages. (Description of U. cavernosa: p. 237)

• Wirth, V. (1995) Usnea (pp. 940-953 - Teil 2) In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German. (Description of U. cavernosa: p. 945)

• USDA Plants Database

• North American Lichen Checklist, Version (#17) 16 May 2011

• Index Fungorum

• MycoBank

Vernacular names