ζέω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *yes-. Confer Sanskrit येषति (yeṣati, “to boil, bubble up”), यसति (yásati, “to froth up, foam”), Old High German jesan.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /zdé.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈzɛ.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
Inflection
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ζῶ | ζεῖς | ζεῖ | ζεῖτον | ζεῖτον | ζοῦμεν | ζεῖτε | ζοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ζῶ | ζῇς | ζῇ | ζῆτον | ζῆτον | ζῶμεν | ζῆτε | ζῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ζοίην, ζοῖμῐ |
ζοίης, ζοῖς |
ζοίη, ζοῖ |
ζοῖτον, ζοίητον |
ζοίτην, ζοιήτην |
ζοῖμεν, ζοίημεν |
ζοῖτε, ζοίητε |
ζοῖεν, ζοίησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ζεῖ | ζείτω | ζεῖτον | ζείτων | ζεῖτε | ζούντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ζοῦμαι | ζῇ | ζεῖται | ζεῖσθον | ζεῖσθον | ζούμεθᾰ | ζεῖσθε | ζοῦνται | ||||
subjunctive | ζῶμαι | ζῇ | ζῆται | ζῆσθον | ζῆσθον | ζώμεθᾰ | ζῆσθε | ζῶνται | |||||
optative | ζοίμην | ζοῖο | ζοῖτο | ζοῖσθον | ζοίσθην | ζοίμεθᾰ | ζοῖσθε | ζοῖντο | |||||
imperative | ζοῦ | ζείσθω | ζεῖσθον | ζείσθων | ζεῖσθε | ζείσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ζεῖν | ζεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ζῶν | ζούμενος | ||||||||||
f | ζοῦσᾰ | ζουμένη | |||||||||||
n | ζοῦν | ζούμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἔζεον, ἐζεόμην (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔζεον | ἔζεες | ἔζεε(ν) | ἐζέετον | ἐζεέτην | ἐζέομεν | ἐζέετε | ἔζεον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐζεόμην | ἐζέου | ἐζέετο | ἐζέεσθον | ἐζεέσθην | ἐζεόμεθᾰ | ἐζέεσθε | ἐζέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἔζουν, ἐζούμην (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔζουν | ἔζεις | ἔζει | ἐζεῖτον | ἐζείτην | ἐζοῦμεν | ἐζεῖτε | ἔζουν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐζούμην | ἐζοῦ | ἐζεῖτο | ἐζεῖσθον | ἐζείσθην | ἐζούμεθᾰ | ἐζεῖσθε | ἐζοῦντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: ζέσω, ζέσομαι, ζεσθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ζέσω | ζέσεις | ζέσει | ζέσετον | ζέσετον | ζέσομεν | ζέσετε | ζέσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ζέσοιμῐ | ζέσοις | ζέσοι | ζέσοιτον | ζεσοίτην | ζέσοιμεν | ζέσοιτε | ζέσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ζέσομαι | ζέσῃ, ζέσει |
ζέσεται | ζέσεσθον | ζέσεσθον | ζεσόμεθᾰ | ζέσεσθε | ζέσονται | ||||
optative | ζεσοίμην | ζέσοιο | ζέσοιτο | ζέσοισθον | ζεσοίσθην | ζεσοίμεθᾰ | ζέσοισθε | ζέσοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ζεσθήσομαι | ζεσθήσῃ | ζεσθήσεται | ζεσθήσεσθον | ζεσθήσεσθον | ζεσθησόμεθᾰ | ζεσθήσεσθε | ζεσθήσονται | ||||
optative | ζεσθησοίμην | ζεσθήσοιο | ζεσθήσοιτο | ζεσθήσοισθον | ζεσθησοίσθην | ζεσθησοίμεθᾰ | ζεσθήσοισθε | ζεσθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ζέσειν | ζέσεσθαι | ζεσθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ζέσων | ζεσόμενος | ζεσθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | ζέσουσᾰ | ζεσομένη | ζεσθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | ζέσον | ζεσόμενον | ζεσθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἔζεσᾰ, ἐζεσᾰ́μην, ἐζέσθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔζεσᾰ | ἔζεσᾰς | ἔζεσε(ν) | ἐζέσᾰτον | ἐζεσᾰ́την | ἐζέσᾰμεν | ἐζέσᾰτε | ἔζεσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ζέσω | ζέσῃς | ζέσῃ | ζέσητον | ζέσητον | ζέσωμεν | ζέσητε | ζέσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ζέσαιμῐ | ζέσειᾰς, ζέσαις |
ζέσειε(ν), ζέσαι |
ζέσαιτον | ζεσαίτην | ζέσαιμεν | ζέσαιτε | ζέσειᾰν, ζέσαιεν | |||||
imperative | ζέσον | ζεσᾰ́τω | ζέσᾰτον | ζεσᾰ́των | ζέσᾰτε | ζεσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐζεσᾰ́μην | ἐζέσω | ἐζέσᾰτο | ἐζέσᾰσθον | ἐζεσᾰ́σθην | ἐζεσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐζέσᾰσθε | ἐζέσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ζέσωμαι | ζέσῃ | ζέσηται | ζέσησθον | ζέσησθον | ζεσώμεθᾰ | ζέσησθε | ζέσωνται | |||||
optative | ζεσαίμην | ζέσαιο | ζέσαιτο | ζέσαισθον | ζεσαίσθην | ζεσαίμεθᾰ | ζέσαισθε | ζέσαιντο | |||||
imperative | ζέσαι | ζεσᾰ́σθω | ζέσᾰσθον | ζεσᾰ́σθων | ζέσᾰσθε | ζεσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐζέσθην | ἐζέσθης | ἐζέσθη | ἐζέσθητον | ἐζεσθήτην | ἐζέσθημεν | ἐζέσθητε | ἐζέσθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ζεσθῶ | ζεσθῇς | ζεσθῇ | ζεσθῆτον | ζεσθῆτον | ζεσθῶμεν | ζεσθῆτε | ζεσθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ζεσθείην | ζεσθείης | ζεσθείη | ζεσθεῖτον, ζεσθείητον |
ζεσθείτην, ζεσθειήτην |
ζεσθεῖμεν, ζεσθείημεν |
ζεσθεῖτε, ζεσθείητε |
ζεσθεῖεν, ζεσθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ζέσθητῐ | ζεσθήτω | ζέσθητον | ζεσθήτων | ζέσθητε | ζεσθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ζέσαι | ζέσᾰσθαι | ζεσθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ζέσᾱς | ζεσᾰ́μενος | ζεσθείς | |||||||||
f | ζέσᾱσᾰ | ζεσᾰμένη | ζεσθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | ζέσᾰν | ζεσᾰ́μενον | ζεσθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ζέσσᾰ, ζεσσᾰ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ζέσσᾰ | ζέσσᾰς | ζέσσε(ν) | ζέσσᾰτον | ζεσσᾰ́την | ζέσσᾰμεν | ζέσσᾰτε | ζέσσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ζέσσω | ζέσσῃς | ζέσσῃ | ζέσσητον | ζέσσητον | ζέσσωμεν | ζέσσητε | ζέσσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ζέσσαιμῐ | ζέσσειᾰς, ζέσσαις |
ζέσσειε(ν), ζέσσαι |
ζέσσαιτον | ζεσσαίτην | ζέσσαιμεν | ζέσσαιτε | ζέσσειᾰν, ζέσσαιεν | |||||
imperative | ζέσσον | ζεσσᾰ́τω | ζέσσᾰτον | ζεσσᾰ́των | ζέσσᾰτε | ζεσσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ζεσσᾰ́μην | ζέσσω | ζέσσᾰτο | ζέσσᾰσθον | ζεσσᾰ́σθην | ζεσσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ζέσσᾰσθε | ζέσσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ζέσσωμαι | ζέσσῃ | ζέσσηται | ζέσσησθον | ζέσσησθον | ζεσσώμεθᾰ | ζέσσησθε | ζέσσωνται | |||||
optative | ζεσσαίμην | ζέσσαιο | ζέσσαιτο | ζέσσαισθον | ζεσσαίσθην | ζεσσαίμεθᾰ | ζέσσαισθε | ζέσσαιντο | |||||
imperative | ζέσσαι | ζεσσᾰ́σθω | ζέσσᾰσθον | ζεσσᾰ́σθων | ζέσσᾰσθε | ζεσσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ζέσσαι | ζέσσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ζέσσᾱς | ζεσσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
f | ζέσσᾱσᾰ | ζεσσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
n | ζέσσᾰν | ζεσσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: ἔζεμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἔζεμαι | ἔζεσαι | ἔζεται | ἔζεσθον | ἔζεσθον | ἐζέμεθᾰ | ἔζεσθε | ἔζενται | ||||
subjunctive | ἐζεμένος ὦ | ἐζεμένος ᾖς | ἐζεμένος ᾖ | ἐζεμένω ἦτον | ἐζεμένω ἦτον | ἐζεμένοι ὦμεν | ἐζεμένοι ἦτε | ἐζεμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐζεμένος εἴην | ἐζεμένος εἴης | ἐζεμένος εἴη | ἐζεμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον | ἐζεμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ἐζεμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ἐζεμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ἐζεμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | ἔζεσο | ἐζέσθω | ἔζεσθον | ἐζέσθων | ἔζεσθε | ἐζέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐζέσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐζεμένος | |||||||||||
f | ἐζεμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἐζεμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ἐζέμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐζέμην | ἔζεσο | ἔζετο | ἔζεσθον | ἐζέσθην | ἐζέμεθᾰ | ἔζεσθε | ἔζεντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀκρόζεστος (akrózestos)
- ἀμφιζέω (amphizéō)
- ἀνάζεσις (anázesis)
- ἀναζέω (anazéō)
- ἀποζέω (apozéō)
- διαζέω (diazéō)
- ἔκζεσις (ékzesis)
- ἔκζεστος (ékzestos)
- ἐκζέω (ekzéō)
- ἐναποζέννυμι (enapozénnumi)
- ἐνζέω (enzéō)
- ἐνσυγκαταζέω (ensunkatazéō)
- ἐξαναζέω (exanazéō)
- ἐπιζέω (epizéō)
- ζέμα (zéma)
- ζέσις (zésis)
- ζεστός (zestós)
- ζύμη (zúmē)
- περιζέω (perizéō)
- προαναζέω (proanazéō)
- προαποζέω (proapozéō)
- προεκζέω (proekzéō)
- συζέω (suzéō)
- συναναζέω (sunanazéō)
- συνεκζέω (sunekzéō)
- ὑπερεκζέω (huperekzéō)
- ὑπερζέω (huperzéō)
- ὑποζέω (hupozéō)
References
- ζέω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ζέω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ζέω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ζέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ζέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ζέω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2204 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
- Encyclopedia Papyrus-Larousse (1963)
- J.B Hofmann, Ετυμολογικόν Λεξικόν της Αρχαίας Ελληνικής (Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Griechischen)
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