κάρδαμον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Som attempted to link the word with κράδος (krádos, “twig”) or σκόροδον (skórodon, “garlic”), but it seems doubtful. The noun is clearly a loanword and it has been connected with Proto-Anatolian *karsani- (“soapweed”). According to Beekes, the suffix "-αμον" points to a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kár.da.mon/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.da.mon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.ða.mon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.ða.mon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.ða.mon/

Noun

κάρδαμον • (kárdamon) n (genitive καρδάμου); second declension

The garden cress (Lepidium sativum), of which the seed was eaten like mustard

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κάρδαμον; τοῦ καρδάμου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κάρδαμον tò kárdamon	τὼ καρδάμω tṑ kardámō	τᾰ̀ κάρδαμᾰ tà kárdama
Genitive	τοῦ καρδάμου toû kardámou	τοῖν καρδάμοιν toîn kardámoin	τῶν καρδάμων tôn kardámōn
Dative	τῷ καρδάμῳ tôi kardámōi	τοῖν καρδάμοιν toîn kardámoin	τοῖς καρδάμοις toîs kardámois
Accusative	τὸ κάρδαμον tò kárdamon	τὼ καρδάμω tṑ kardámō	τᾰ̀ κάρδαμᾰ tà kárdama
Vocative	κάρδαμον kárdamon	καρδάμω kardámō	κάρδαμᾰ kárdama
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

καρδαμάλη (kardamálē)
καρδαμίζω (kardamízō)
καρδαμίνη (kardamínē)
καρδαμίς (kardamís)
καρδάμωμον (kardámōmon)
καρδάνη (kardánē)

Descendants

Greek: κάρδαμο (kárdamo)

References

κάρδαμον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
κάρδαμον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

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