καί

See also: και

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ϗ (ϗ)
κάς (kás) – Arcadocypriot

Etymology

From earlier *kahi ← *kasi (still seen in κασίγνητος (kasígnētos, “brother”)) ← *kati, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥t-, from *ḱóm (“with”). Compare Hittite [script needed] (kat-ti, “along with”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kǎi̯/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kɛ/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kɛ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ce/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ce/

Audio (Classical Attic) (file)

Conjunction

καί • (kaí)

and
even, also
both ... and ... (when used in the construction καί ... καί ...)

Derived terms

κᾷτα (kâita)

Descendants

→ Esperanto: kaj (“and”)
Greek: και (kai, “and”)
Tsakonian: τσαι

καί in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
καί in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
καί in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
καί in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
καί in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
καί in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G2532 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- also idem, page 25.
- both . . . and idem, page 90.
- eke idem, page 263.
- even idem, page 284.
- too idem, page 880.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 615

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καί