σπάθη
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Most likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peh₂- (“to draw”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do; put”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *spadô, Hittite [script needed] (išpatar, “spear”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spá.tʰɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈspa.tʰe/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈspa.θi/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈspa.θi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈspa.θi/
Noun
σπᾰ́θη • (spáthē) f (genitive σπᾰ́θης); first declension
- any broad blade, of wood or metal
- a flat wooden blade used by ancient weavers in their upright loom for striking the woof home
- a spaddle or spattle used for stirring, especially for medical purposes
- the paddle or blade of an oar
- the broad ribs
- the shoulder blade
- the broad blade of a sword
- a scraper for currying horses
- the stem of a palm-frond
- the spathe of the flower of many plants, especially palms
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ σπᾰ́θη hē spáthē |
τὼ σπᾰ́θᾱ tṑ spáthā |
αἱ σπᾰ́θαι hai spáthai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς σπᾰ́θης tês spáthēs |
τοῖν σπᾰ́θαιν toîn spáthain |
τῶν σπᾰθῶν tôn spathôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ σπᾰ́θῃ têi spáthēi |
τοῖν σπᾰ́θαιν toîn spáthain |
ταῖς σπᾰ́θαις taîs spáthais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν σπᾰ́θην tḕn spáthēn |
τὼ σπᾰ́θᾱ tṑ spáthā |
τᾱ̀ς σπᾰ́θᾱς tā̀s spáthās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σπᾰ́θη spáthē |
σπᾰ́θᾱ spáthā |
σπᾰ́θαι spáthai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Synonyms
- (paddle or blade of an oar): πλάτη (plátē)
Descendants
- Latin: spatha (see there for further descendants)
References
- σπάθη in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σπάθη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “σπάθη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 1374
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