σύ

See also: 'σύ

Ancient Greek
second person pronoun (edit)
casesingulardualplural
str.encl.str.str.
nominative σύσφώ, σφῶϊῡ̔μεῖς
genitive σοῦσουσφῷνῡ̔μῶν
dative σοίσοισφῷνῡ̔μῖν
accusative σέσεσφώ, σφῶϊῡ̔μᾶς
adjective σόςῡ̔μέτερος

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognates include Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), Latin tū, Persian تو‎ (to) and Old English þū (English thou).

Pronunciation
 

Pronoun

σῠ́ • (sú)

  1. second person singular personal pronoun: you (thou)

Usage notes

Dual and plural are σφώ (sphṓ) and ῡ̔μεῖς (hūmeîs)

Inflection
Irregular declension of σῠ́; σοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative σῠ́
sú
Genitive σοῦ / σου†
soû / sou†
Dative σοί / σοι†
soí / soi†
Accusative σέ / σε†
sé / se†
Vocative —
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • †enclitic
Irregular declension of σῠ́; σεῖο (Epic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative σῠ́ / τῡ́νη
sú / tū́nē
Genitive σεῖο / σέο / σεο† / σεῦ / σευ† / σέθεν
seîo / séo / seo† / seû / seu† / séthen
Dative σοί / τοι† / τεῐ̈́ν
soí / toi† / teḯn
Accusative σέ / σε†
sé / se†
Vocative —
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • †enclitic
Irregular declension of σῠ́; σέο (Ionic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative σῠ́
sú
Genitive σέο / σεῦ / σευ†
séo / seû / seu†
Dative σοί / τοι†
soí / toi†
Accusative σέ / σε†
sé / se†
Vocative —
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • †enclitic
Irregular declension of τῠ́; τέος (Doric)
Case / # Singular
Nominative τῠ́ / τῡ́νη
tú / tū́nē
Genitive τέος / τεοῦς / τιοῦς / τεῦς / τέο / τεῦ / τεοῦ / τεοῖο / τοι† / τεος† / τίω / τίως / τίος
téos / teoûs / tioûs / teûs / téo / teû / teoû / teoîo / toi† / teos† / tíō / tíōs / tíos
Dative τῐ́ν / τῑ́νη
tín / tī́nē
Accusative τέ / τῐ́ν / τῠ́ / τῠ†
té / tín / tú / tu†
Vocative —
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • †enclitic
Irregular declension of σῠ́; σέθεν (Aeolic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative σῠ́
sú
Genitive σέθεν
séthen
Dative σοί / τοι†
soí / toi†
Accusative σέ / σε†
sé / se†
Vocative —
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • †enclitic
Irregular declension of τού; τεῦς (Boeotian)
Case / # Singular
Nominative τού / τούν
toú / toún
Genitive τεῦς
teûs
Dative σοί / τοι†
soí / toi†
Accusative σέ / σε†
sé / se†
Vocative —
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • †enclitic

Derived terms
  • σός (sós, “second person singular possessive adjective”)

Descendants

References
  • σύ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • σύ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • σύ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • G4771 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
    • you idem, page 997.
  • Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 325
  • William W. Goodwin, A Greek Grammar. Revised and enlarged, Boston, 1900, p.82f.
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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