φαρέτρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

φαρέτρη (pharétrē) – Ionic

Etymology

It has been assumed a derivation with a reduced grade from φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), beside a full grade in φέρετρον (phéretron, “bier, litter”). However, because a reduced grade is not accepted anymore since the laryngeal theory, a loanword with a folk-etymological adaptation should be considered.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰa.ré.traː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰaˈrɛ.tra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸaˈre.tra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /faˈre.tra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /faˈre.tra/

Noun

φαρέτρᾱ • (pharétrā) f (genitive φαρέτρᾱς); first declension

quiver for arrows
Synonym: γωρυτός (gōrutós)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ φαρέτρᾱ; τῆς φαρέτρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φαρέτρᾱ hē pharétrā	τὼ φαρέτρᾱ tṑ pharétrā	αἱ φαρέτραι hai pharétrai
Genitive	τῆς φαρέτρᾱς tês pharétrās	τοῖν φαρέτραιν toîn pharétrain	τῶν φαρετρῶν tôn pharetrôn
Dative	τῇ φαρέτρᾳ têi pharétrāi	τοῖν φαρέτραιν toîn pharétrain	ταῖς φαρέτραις taîs pharétrais
Accusative	τὴν φαρέτρᾱν tḕn pharétrān	τὼ φαρέτρᾱ tṑ pharétrā	τᾱ̀ς φαρέτρᾱς tā̀s pharétrās
Vocative	φαρέτρᾱ pharétrā	φαρέτρᾱ pharétrā	φαρέτραι pharétrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

φαρετρεών (pharetreṓn)
φαρέτριον (pharétrion)
φαρετρίτης (pharetrítēs)
φαρετροφόρος (pharetrophóros)

Descendants

→ Latin: pharetra
- → Italian: faretra

References

φαρέτρα in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
φαρέτρα in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
φαρέτρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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