մշակ

Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian մշակ (mšak).

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Noun

մշակ (mšak)

  1. tiller, farmer, cultivator
  2. porter, bearer
  3. worker, laborer, hand

Declension

Synonyms

  • ռանչպար (ṙančʿpar)

Old Armenian

Etymology

An Iranian borrowing: compare Khotanese mäṣṣa- (field).[1][2][3] Related to Old Georgian მუშაკი (mušaḳi), Georgian მუშა (muša, laborer), also from Iranian.[1] Compare also Bats მუშაჸო̆ (mušaʾŏ, laborer), Laz მუშა (muša, porter). Not knowing about the Khotanese word, Ačaṙean derived Armenian մշակ (mšak) from the Caucasian cognates.[4]

Noun

մշակ (mšak)

  1. agricultural laborer
    • 5th century, Bible, 1 Timothy 5.18:
      Արժանի է մշակն վարձու իւրոյ։
      Aržani ē mšakn varju iwroy.
      The laborer deserves his wages.

Declension

Synonyms

  • երկրագործ (erkragorc), հողագործ (hołagorc), այգեգործ (aygegorc)

Derived terms

  • անմշակելի (anmšakeli)
  • մշակագործեմ (mšakagorcem)
  • մշակագործութիւն (mšakagorcutʿiwn)
  • մշակական (mšakakan)
  • մշակակրութիւն (mšakakrutʿiwn)
  • մշականման (mšakanman)
  • մշակեմ (mšakem)
  • մշակեցուցանեմ (mšakecʿucʿanem)
  • մշակութիւն (mšakutʿiwn)

Descendants

References

  1. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, pages 332–333
  2. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 242–243
  3. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), մշակ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 531ab
  4. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), մշակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 335ab

Further reading

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