ցտեմ
Old Armenian
Etymology
The root is ցիտ- (cʿit-), from Proto-Indo-European *skid-, from *skeyd-.
Verb
ցտեմ • (cʿtem) (aorist indicative ցտեցի)
- (transitive) to graze, to rub the skin off, to scratch, to bruise, to notch, to jag
- ցտել զհերս ― cʿtel zhers ― to tear out one's hair
- (transitive) to make incisions, to cut
- (transitive) to wrest, to extort, to carry off
- (transitive, medicine) to scarify, to cup
- (in the mediopassive, intransitive) to bruise oneself, to rub the skin off, to scratch oneself
Conjugation
active
| infinitive | ցտել (cʿtel) | participle | ցտեցեալ, ցտեալ (cʿtecʿeal, cʿteal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | — | aorist stem | ցտեց- (cʿtecʿ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | ցտեմ (cʿtem) | ցտես (cʿtes) | ցտէ (cʿtē) | ցտեմք (cʿtemkʿ) | ցտէք (cʿtēkʿ) | ցտեն (cʿten) | |
| imperfect | ցտէի, ցտեի* (cʿtēi, cʿtei*) | ցտէիր, ցտեիր* (cʿtēir, cʿteir*) | ցտէր (cʿtēr) | ցտէաք, ցտեաք* (cʿtēakʿ, cʿteakʿ*) | ցտէիք, ցտեիք* (cʿtēikʿ, cʿteikʿ*) | ցտէին, ցտեին* (cʿtēin, cʿtein*) | |
| aorist | ցտեցի (cʿtecʿi) | ցտեցեր (cʿtecʿer) | ցտեաց (cʿteacʿ) | ցտեցաք (cʿtecʿakʿ) | ցտեցէք, ցտեցիք (cʿtecʿēkʿ, cʿtecʿikʿ) | ցտեցին (cʿtecʿin) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | ցտիցեմ (cʿticʿem) | ցտիցես (cʿticʿes) | ցտիցէ (cʿticʿē) | ցտիցեմք (cʿticʿemkʿ) | ցտիցէք (cʿticʿēkʿ) | ցտիցեն (cʿticʿen) | |
| aorist | ցտեցից (cʿtecʿicʿ) | ցտեսցես (cʿtescʿes) | ցտեսցէ (cʿtescʿē) | ցտեսցուք (cʿtescʿukʿ) | ցտեսջիք (cʿtesǰikʿ) | ցտեսցեն (cʿtescʿen) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | ցտեա՛ (cʿteá) | — | — | ցտեցէ՛ք (cʿtecʿḗkʿ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | ցտեսջի՛ր (cʿtesǰír) | — | — | ցտեսջի՛ք (cʿtesǰíkʿ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ ցտեր (mí cʿter) | — | — | մի՛ ցտէք (mí cʿtēkʿ) | — | |
| *rare | |||||||
mediopassive
| infinitive | ցտել, ցտիլ* (cʿtel, cʿtil*) | participle | ցտեցեալ, ցտեալ (cʿtecʿeal, cʿteal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | — | aorist stem | ցտեց- (cʿtecʿ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | ցտիմ (cʿtim) | ցտիս (cʿtis) | ցտի (cʿti) | ցտիմք (cʿtimkʿ) | ցտիք (cʿtikʿ) | ցտին (cʿtin) | |
| imperfect | ցտէի (cʿtēi) | ցտէիր (cʿtēir) | ցտէր, ցտիւր (cʿtēr, cʿtiwr) | ցտէաք (cʿtēakʿ) | ցտէիք (cʿtēikʿ) | ցտէին (cʿtēin) | |
| aorist | ցտեցայ (cʿtecʿay) | ցտեցար (cʿtecʿar) | ցտեցաւ (cʿtecʿaw) | ցտեցաք (cʿtecʿakʿ) | ցտեցայք (cʿtecʿaykʿ) | ցտեցան (cʿtecʿan) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | ցտիցիմ (cʿticʿim) | ցտիցիս (cʿticʿis) | ցտիցի (cʿticʿi) | ցտիցիմք (cʿticʿimkʿ) | ցտիցիք (cʿticʿikʿ) | ցտիցին (cʿticʿin) | |
| aorist | ցտեցայց (cʿtecʿaycʿ) | ցտեսցիս (cʿtescʿis) | ցտեսցի (cʿtescʿi) | ցտեսցուք (cʿtescʿukʿ) | ցտեսջիք (cʿtesǰikʿ) | ցտեսցին (cʿtescʿin) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | ցտեա՛ց (cʿteácʿ) | — | — | ցտեցարո՛ւք (cʿtecʿarúkʿ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | ցտեսջի՛ր (cʿtesǰír) | — | — | ցտեսջի՛ք (cʿtesǰíkʿ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ ցտիր (mí cʿtir) | — | — | մի՛ ցտիք (mí cʿtikʿ) | — | |
| *post-classical | |||||||
Derived terms
- դանակացիտ (danakacʿit)
- ցտումն (cʿtumn)
Descendants
- Armenian: ցտել (cʿtel)
References
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցտեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ցտեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “ցիտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
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