שבת

שְׁבַת • (šəḇaṯ)

1. rest; observe the Sabbath

שבת • (transliteration needed)

1. singular construct state of שבתא‎

Possibly from Akkadian 𒊭𒉺𒌅 (šapattu, “the middle day of the month”).

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): [ʃaˈbat]

שַׁבָּת • (shabát) f (plural indefinite שַׁבָּתוֹת‎)

1. Shabbat, Sabbath; weekly day of rest
   • בראשית רבה, יז ה

     ‏רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בַּר יִצְחָק אָמַר: ג׳ נוֹבְלוֹת הֵן: נוֹבֶלֶת מִיתָה שֵׁינָה, נוֹבֶלֶת נְבוּאָה חֲלוֹם, נוֹבֶלֶת הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא שַׁבָּת.‎‎

     They are three samples: a sample of death is sleep, a sample of prophecy is dream, a sample of the world-to-come is the Sabbath.

2. Saturday
3. (archaic) week (Mishnaic Hebrew)

• → Ancient Greek: σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”)
  • Greek: Σάββατο (Sávvato)
  • → Coptic: ⲥⲁⲃⲃⲁⲧⲟⲛ (sabbaton)
  • → Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌱𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉 (sabbatō), *𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉 (*sambatō) (via early Byzantine σάμβατον (sámbaton)) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Latin: sabbatum (see there for further descendants)
  • → Old Armenian: սաբատ (sabat), սաբբատ (sabbat)
• → Arabic: السَّبْت‎ (as-sabt)
• → Classical Syriac: ܫܒܬܐ‎ (šabbəṯā)
  • → Old Armenian: շաբաթ (šabatʿ) (see there for further descendants)
• → Dutch: sjabbat
• → English: Shabbat
• → French: chabbat, shabbat
• → Georgian: შაბაში (šabaši)
• → German: Schabbat, Schabbath
• → Norwegian: sabbat
• → Polish: szabat
• → Romanian: Șabat
• → Russian: Шабба́т (Šabbát)
• → Yiddish: שבת‎ (shabes)
  • → Czech: šábes
  • → Dutch: sjabbes
  • → English: Shabbos
  • → German: Schabbes
  • → Polish: szabas
  • → Swedish: shabbes

שָׁבַת • (shavát) (pa'al construction, future ישבות \ יִשְׁבֹּת‎)

1. to stop working, to rest
   • Genesis 2:2-3, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     ‏וַיְכַל אֱלֹהִים בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי מְלַאכְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וַיִּשְׁבֹּת בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי מִכָּל־מְלַאכְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה׃ וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי וַיְקַדֵּשׁ אֹתוֹ כִּי בוֹ שָׁבַת מִכָּל־מְלַאכְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר־בָּרָא אֱלֹהִים לַעֲשׂוֹת׃‎‎

     vay'khál 'elohím bayóm hash'vi'í m'lakhtó 'ashér 'asá vayishbót bayóm hash'vi'í mikol-m'lakhtó 'ashér 'asá. vay'várekh 'elohím 'et-yóm hash'vi'í vay'kadésh 'otó kí vó shavát mikol-m'lakhtó 'asher-bará 'elohím la'asót.
     wayəḵal ʾĕlōhīm bayyōm haššəḇīʿī məlaḵtō ʾăšer ʿāśā wayyišbōṯ bayyōm haššəḇīʿī mikkol-məlaḵtō ʾăšer ʿāśā. wayəḇā́reḵ ʾĕlōhīm ʾeṯ-yōm haššəḇīʿī wayəqaddēš ʾōṯō kī ḇō šāḇaṯ mikkol-məlaḵtō ʾăšer-bārā ʾĕlōhīm laʿăśōṯ.

     And on the seventh day God finished His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made. And God blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it; because that in it He rested from all His work which God in creating had made.

2. to go on strike

• שְׁבִיתָה‎ (sh'vitá)

שֶׁבֶת • (shévet)

1. bare infinitive (infinitive construct or gerund) of יָשַׁב‎ (yasháv)

From Hebrew שַׁבָּת‎ (shabát).

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃa.bəs]

שבת • (shabes) m, plural שבתים‎ (shabosem)

1. Saturday
2. Sabbath, Shabbat

• אַ גוטן שבת‎ (a gutn shabes)
• גוט שבת‎ (gut shabes)
• שבתדיק‎ (shabesdik)

• → Czech: šábes
• → Dutch: sjabbes
• → English: Shabbos
• → German: Schabbes
• → Polish: szabas
• → Swedish: shabbes

• (days of the week) די‎ טעג‎ פֿון‎ דער‎ וואָך‎‎ (di teg fun der vokh); זונטיק‎ (zuntik)‎, מאָנטיק‎ (montik)‎, דינסטיק‎ (dinstik)‎, מיטוואָך‎ (mitvokh)‎, דאָנערשטיק‎ (donershtik)‎, פֿרײַטיק‎ (fraytik)‎, שבת‎ (shabes) ^{(Category: yi:Days of the week)}