زمان

See also: رمان‎

Arabic

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *zaman-, from the root ز م ن‎ (z-m-n).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /za.maːn/

Noun

زَمَان • (zamān) m (plural أَزْمِنَة‎ (ʾazmina))

(uncountable and countable) time
Coordinate term: مَكَان‎ (makān)

Declension

Declension of noun زَمَان (zamān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَمَان zamān	الزَّمَان‎ az-zamān	زَمَان zamān
Nominative	زَمَانٌ zamānun	الزَّمَانُ‎ az-zamānu	زَمَانُ zamānu
Accusative	زَمَانًا‎ zamānan	الزَّمَانَ‎ az-zamāna	زَمَانَ zamāna
Genitive	زَمَانٍ zamānin	الزَّمَانِ‎ az-zamāni	زَمَانِ zamāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَمَانَيْن‎ zamānayn	الزَّمَانَيْن‎ az-zamānayn	زَمَانَيْ‎ zamānay
Nominative	زَمَانَانِ‎ zamānāni	الزَّمَانَانِ‎ az-zamānāni	زَمَانَا‎ zamānā
Accusative	زَمَانَيْنِ‎ zamānayni	الزَّمَانَيْنِ‎ az-zamānayni	زَمَانَيْ‎ zamānay
Genitive	زَمَانَيْنِ‎ zamānayni	الزَّمَانَيْنِ‎ az-zamānayni	زَمَانَيْ‎ zamānay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَزْمِنَة‎ ʾazmina	الْأَزْمِنَة‎ al-ʾazmina	أَزْمِنَة‎ ʾazminat
Nominative	أَزْمِنَةٌ‎ ʾazminatun	الْأَزْمِنَةُ‎ al-ʾazminatu	أَزْمِنَةُ‎ ʾazminatu
Accusative	أَزْمِنَةً‎ ʾazminatan	الْأَزْمِنَةَ‎ al-ʾazminata	أَزْمِنَةَ‎ ʾazminata
Genitive	أَزْمِنَةٍ‎ ʾazminatin	الْأَزْمِنَةِ‎ al-ʾazminati	أَزْمِنَةِ‎ ʾazminati

Derived terms

زَمَانِيّ‎ (zamāniyy)
زَمَكَان‎ (zamakān)

Synonyms

زَمَن‎ (zaman)

References

Freytag, Georg (1833), “زمان”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 256
Wehr, Hans (1979), “زمن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 444

Malay

Alternative forms

zaman

Etymology

From Persian ‎ (zamân).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zaman/
Rhymes: -aman, -man, -an

Noun

زمان (Rumi spelling zaman‎, plural زمان٢‎)

age (particular period of time in history)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ODNA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ẕmʾn'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (zmn'), 𐫉𐫖𐫀𐫗‎ (zmʾn /zamān/), from Akkadian 𒋛𒈠𒉡 (zimān; simanu). Compare Parthian 𐫋𐫖𐫀𐫗‎ (jmʾn /žamān/), Gurani ژەمەن‎ (žaman, “meal”), Central Kurdish ژەم‎ (žam, “meal”), and Iranian borrowings Old Armenian ժաման (žaman), ժամանակ (žamanak).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /zæˈmɒːn/
(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): [zæˈmɒn]

Noun

Dari Persian	زمان‎
Iranian Persian	زمان‎
Tajiki Persian	замон (zamon)

زمان • (zamân)

time (referring to a broad time period like epoch, period, season, etc. It is not the type of time that one reads from a watch or a clock)
(physics) time
season
epoch
(grammar) tense
death

Synonyms

(time): وقت‎ (vaqt)
(death): مرگ‎ (marg)

Derived terms

زمانمند‎ (zamânmand)
زمانه‎ (zamâne)
زمانی‎ (zamâni)
زمان‌بندی‎ (zamân-bandi)
فضازمان‎ (fazâ-zamân)

Descendants

Azerbaijani: zaman
Bashkir: заман (zaman)
Dargwa: замана (zamana)
Kazakh: заман (zaman)
Kyrgyz: заман
Malay: زمان‎ / zaman
Ottoman Turkish: زمان‎ (zaman)
- Turkish: zaman
- Albanian: zaman
- Serbo-Croatian: zaman/заман
Ossetian: за́ман (záman)
Tatar: заман (zaman)

References

Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)‎, Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, pages 91–92

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