شمال

Diachronically from Proto-Semitic *ŝimaʔl, synchronically from ش م ل‎ (š-m-l). Cognate with Hebrew שְׂמֹאל‎ (s'mól, “left”), Akkadian 𒆏 (GÚB, šumēlu, “left side”), Aramaic סְמָלָא‎ / ܣܡܠܐ‎ (semālā, “left side”), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎎𐎀𐎍 (šmảl). The north sense derives from the left-hand side facing the sunrise, also attested in Old South Arabian 𐩡𐩣𐩦‎ (s₂ʔml, “to be northward”).

• IPA^(key): /ʃi.maːl/

شِمَال • (šimāl) f (plural أَشْمُل‎ (ʾašmul) or شَمَائِل‎ (šamāʾil) or شُمُل‎ (šumul))

1. left hand
2. left side
3. bad omen
4. handful of ears

• يَسَار‎ (yasār)

• يَمِين‎ (yamīn)

• Lane, Edward William (1863), “شمال”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “شمال”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
• “Proto-Semitic Root: *ŝimaʔl-; Number 2218” in Georgiy Starostin, Tower of Babel, Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin.

From the root ش م ل‎ (š-m-l) meaning “to bundle, “to wrap”, “to huddle”, “to be cold” – such senses are influenced by the cold-dry northerly wind necessitating wrapping up with clothes.

شِمَال • (šimāl) m (plural شَمَائِل‎ (šamāʾil))

1. case, sheath, wrapping

• Lane, Edward William (1863), “شمال”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “شمال”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen

From the root ش م ل‎ (š-m-l) meaning “to be leftward” – the north direction being the left-hand side facing the sunrise. Additionally it is relatable to the root meaning “to bundle” or “to wrap”, as the cold northern wind necessitated wrapping up with clothes, contrasting with جَنُوب‎ (janūb, “south”) from the root ج ن ب‎ (j-n-b) meaning “changing”, “laying aside” clothes, the warm southern wind allowing to put off clothes.

• IPA^(key): /ʃa.maːl/

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شَمَال • (šamāl) m

1. north

• جَنُوب‎ (janūb)

شَمَال • (šamāl) f (plural شَمَالَات‎ (šamālāt))

1. north wind

• Lane, Edward William (1863), “شمال”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “شمال”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “شمل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Borrowed from Arabic شَمَال‎ (šamāl).

شمال (šemal)

1. wind

Borrowed from Arabic شَمَال‎ (šamāl).

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃoˈmɒːl/

شمال • (šomâl)

1. north
2. Northern Iran

• آپا‎ (âpâ)

• شمالی‎