सस्ता

Hindi

Etymology

Unclear.[1] Cognate to Punjabi ਸਸਤਾ (sastā), Nepali सस्तो (sasto), Gujarati સસ્તું (sastũ), Sindhi سَستو‏‎ (sasto), Bengali সস্তা (sôsta), Oriya ଶସ୍ତା (śôsta), Assamese সস্তা (xosta), Sylheti ꠢꠍꠔꠣ (hosta), and the hypercorrected Marathi स्वस्त (svast) (earlier सस्त (sast)).

Several theories have been put forward:

  1. An assimilation of Persian سست‎ (sost, “languid, lazy; loose”), making it a doublet of सुस्त (sust).
  2. Inherited from Sanskrit स्वस्थ (svastha, “healthy”).[2][3] This is unlikely due to the regular simplification of consonant clusters in Middle Indo-Aryan; compare Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀣 (sattha), which would theoretically yield Hindi *साथा (*sāthā).
  3. Inherited from Sanskrit समर्घ (samargha, “having a low price”). This is the least probable phonologically, but it offers a direct contrast to Hindi महंगा (mahaṅgā, “expensive”), from Sanskrit महार्घ (mahārgha, “having a high price”). Compare Old Marathi सवंग (savaṃga), Gujarati સોંઘું (soṅghũ).[4]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /səs.t̪ɑː/

Adjective

सस्ता • (sastā) (Urdu spelling سستا‎)

  1. cheap
    स्थानीय प्रकाशक की छपी हुई पुस्तकें सस्ती होतीं हैं।
    sthānīya prakāśak kī chapī huī pustakẽ sastī hotī̃ hain.
    The books printed by the local publisher are inexpensive.
    Antonym: महंगा (mahaṅgā)

Declension
Declension of सस्ता
Masculine Feminine
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Direct सस्ता
sastā		 सस्ते
saste		 सस्ती
sastī		 सस्ती
sastī
Oblique सस्ते
saste		 सस्ते
saste		 सस्ती
sastī		 सस्ती
sastī
Vocative सस्ते
saste		 सस्ते
saste		 सस्ती
sastī		 सस्ती
sastī

See also

References
  1. McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “सस्ता”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
  2. Syamasundara Dasa (1965–1975), “सस्ता”, in Hindi Sabdasagara [Comprehensive Hindi Dictionary] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha.
  3. Platts, John T. (1884), “सस्ता”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & co.
  4. Shankar Gopal Tulpule and Anne Feldhau (1999), “सवंग”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
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