ἄπιστος

See also: άπιστος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀ- (a-, “not”) +‎ πῐστός (pistós, “believable, believing”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.pis.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.pis.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.pis.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.pis.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.pis.tos/

Adjective

ἄπῐστος • (ápistos) m, f (neuter ἄπῐστον); second declension

not to be trusted
1. (of persons and their acts) untrustworthy, faithless, groundless
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.106
  - 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 601
  - 413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 1298
  - 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 226
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.22
  - 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.4.7
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 683
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.120
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 775D
2. (of reports and the like) incredible
  - 680 BCE – 645 BCE, Archilochus, Collected Works 74.5
  - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 1.31
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.80
  - 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 832
  - 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 418
  - 280 BCE – 220 BCE, Philo of Byzantium, Compendium of Mechanics 2.556
  - 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 868
  - 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 59
  - 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 67
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Epistles 314B
not believing or trusting, distrustful, mistrustful, incredulous, suspicious
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.150
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.8
- 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 27
- 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 26E
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 705A
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.66
- 485 BCE – 380 BCE, Gorgias, Defense of Palamedes 11
1. (in the New Testament) unbelieving, a non-believer
  - New Testament, First Epistle to the Corinthians 6:6
2. not obeying, disobedient
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 627
  - 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 876
  - 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 1035
  - 413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 1476
(adverb)
1. beyond belief
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.21
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric to Alexander 1438A.22
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric to Alexander 1438B.2
2. distrustfully, suspiciously
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.83
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Leptines 22

Inflection

Second declension of ἄπῐστος; ἄπῐστον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἄπῐστος ápistos	ἄπῐστον ápiston	ἀπῐ́στω apístō	ἀπῐ́στω apístō	ἄπῐστοι ápistoi	ἄπῐστᾰ ápista
Genitive	ἀπῐ́στου apístou	ἀπῐ́στου apístou	ἀπῐ́στοιν apístoin	ἀπῐ́στοιν apístoin	ἀπῐ́στων apístōn	ἀπῐ́στων apístōn
Dative	ἀπῐ́στῳ apístōi	ἀπῐ́στῳ apístōi	ἀπῐ́στοιν apístoin	ἀπῐ́στοιν apístoin	ἀπῐ́στοις apístois	ἀπῐ́στοις apístois
Accusative	ἄπῐστον ápiston	ἄπῐστον ápiston	ἀπῐ́στω apístō	ἀπῐ́στω apístō	ἀπῐ́στους apístous	ἄπῐστᾰ ápista
Vocative	ἄπῐστε ápiste	ἄπῐστον ápiston	ἀπῐ́στω apístō	ἀπῐ́στω apístō	ἄπῐστοι ápistoi	ἄπῐστᾰ ápista
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	ἀπῐ́στως apístōs		ἀπῐστότερος apistóteros		ἀπῐστότᾰτος apistótatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

ἄπιστος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἄπιστος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἄπιστος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἄπιστος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἄπιστος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἄπιστος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
ἄπιστος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G571 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- capricious idem, page 112.
- changeable idem, page 124.
- disloyal idem, page 235.
- distrustful idem, page 242.
- faithless idem, page 303.
- false idem, page 304.
- fickle idem, page 317.
- inconstant idem, page 430.
- incredible idem, page 430.
- incredulous idem, page 430.
- insincere idem, page 445.
- mistrustful idem, page 536.
- mutable idem, page 548.
- perfidious idem, page 607.
- questionable idem, page 665.
- sceptical idem, page 738.
- shifty idem, page 766.
- traitorous idem, page 887.
- treacherous idem, page 891.
- unbelieving idem, page 908.
- uncertain idem, page 909.
- unconvinced idem, page 911.
- uncredited idem, page 911.
- unfaithful idem, page 917.
- unstable idem, page 933.
- untrustworthy idem, page 935.
- variable idem, page 944.
- wilful idem, page 979.

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