ῥόδον

Ancient Greek

From Proto-Hellenic *wródon, borrowed from some Eastern language, most likely an Old Iranian (compare Aramaic 𐡅𐡀𐡓𐡃𐡀‎ (warda), Classical Syriac ܘܪܕܐ‎ (wardā), Old Armenian վարդ (vard), Demotic wrṱ, Arabic وردة‎ (warda), Persian ‎ (gol) – all from the same source). Or it could possibly be a Pre-Greek loan, such as Thracian (the rose was native to Thrace).[1] Based on phonological and historical grounds, borrowing from Iranian is unlikely, according to Rudiger Schmitt.[2]

Latin rosa (“rose”) is likely a loanword from Ancient Greek.

ῥόδον • (rhódon) n (genitive ῥόδου); second declension

Second declension of τὸ ῥόδον; τοῦ ῥόδου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ῥόδον tò rhódon	τὼ ῥόδω tṑ rhódō	τᾰ̀ ῥόδᾰ tà rhóda
Genitive	τοῦ ῥόδου toû rhódou	τοῖν ῥόδοιν toîn rhódoin	τῶν ῥόδων tôn rhódōn
Dative	τῷ ῥόδῳ tôi rhódōi	τοῖν ῥόδοιν toîn rhódoin	τοῖς ῥόδοις toîs rhódois
Accusative	τὸ ῥόδον tò rhódon	τὼ ῥόδω tṑ rhódō	τᾰ̀ ῥόδᾰ tà rhóda
Vocative	ῥόδον rhódon	ῥόδω rhódō	ῥόδᾰ rhóda
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of τὸ ῥόδον; τοῦ ῥόδου (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ῥόδον tò rhódon	τὼ ῥόδω tṑ rhódō	τᾰ̀ ῥόδᾰ tà rhóda
Genitive	τοῦ ῥόδου toû rhódou	τοῖν ῥόδοιν toîn rhódoin	τῶν ῥόδων tôn rhódōn
Dative	τῷ ῥόδῳ tôi rhódōi	τοῖν ῥόδοιν toîn rhódoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ῥόδοισῐ / ῥόδοισῐν / ῥόδοις toîsi(n) rhódoisi(n) / rhódois
Accusative	τὸ ῥόδον tò rhódon	τὼ ῥόδω tṑ rhódō	τᾰ̀ ῥόδᾰ tà rhóda
Vocative	ῥόδον rhódon	ῥόδω rhódō	ῥόδᾰ rhóda
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Tucker, T.G., Etymological Dictionary of Latin, Ares Publishers, 1976 (reprint of 1931 edition).
“Archived copy”, in (Please provide the title of the work)‎, accessed 7 May 2017, archived from the original on 17 May 2017

ῥόδον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ῥόδον in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ῥόδον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ῥόδον in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- rose idem, page 721.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 1290

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