つむる

Japanese
Hiragana modern つむる
historical つむる
Kanji 瞑る

Etymology

From つぶる (tsuburu). Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) つむる [tsùmúrú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

つむる (transitive, godan conjugation, rōmaji tsumuru)

  1. Alternative form of つぶる (tsuburu, “to close one's eyes”)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "つむる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) つむら tsumura
Continuative (連用形) つむり tsumuri
Terminal (終止形) つむる tsumuru
Attributive (連体形) つむる tsumuru
Hypothetical (仮定形) つむれ tsumure
Imperative (命令形) つむれ tsumure
Key constructions
Passive つむられる tsumurareru
Causative つむらせる
つむらす		 tsumuraseru
tsumurasu
Potential つむれる tsumureru
Volitional つむろう tsumurō
Negative つむらない tsumuranai
Negative continuative つむらず tsumurazu
Formal つむります tsumurimasu
Perfective つむった tsumutta
Conjunctive つむって tsumutte
Hypothetical conditional つむれば tsumureba

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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