上流

Chinese

		up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	to flow; to spread; to circulate to flow; to spread; to circulate; to move
simp. and trad. (上流)		上	流

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngliú

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁶ lau⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): song-liù
Min Nan (POJ): siōng-liû / siāng-liû

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shàngliú
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanqliou
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
  - Jyutping: soeng⁶ lau⁴
  - Yale: seuhng làuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁶ lau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁶ leo⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ²² lɐu̯²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    上僂／上偻
    上流
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: song-liù
  - Hakka Romanization System: song liuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song⁴ liu²
  - IPA: /soŋ⁵⁵ li̯u¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siōng-liû
  - Tâi-lô: siōng-liû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioxngliuu
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ liu²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ liu²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siāng-liû
  - Tâi-lô: siāng-liû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaxngliuu
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiaŋ²²⁻²¹ liu¹³/

Noun

上流

upstream; upper reaches (of a river etc.)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (上流):

→ Japanese: 上 (じょう)流 (りゅう) (jōryū)
→ Korean: 상류 (上流, sangnyu)
→ Vietnamese: thượng lưu (上流)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
上	流
じょう Grade: 1	りゅう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- IPA^(key): [d͡ʑo̞ːɾʲɨᵝː]

Noun

上流 (hiragana じょうりゅう, rōmaji jōryū)

the upper reaches of a stream, river, etc.
the upper classes

Antonyms

下 (か)流 (りゅう) (karyū)

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