勉強

See also: 勉强

Chinese
exhort
 
strength; force; power; powerful; better
trad. (勉強) 勉 強
simp. (勉强) 勉 强

Pronunciation

Adjective

勉強

  1. forced; inadequate; grudging; reluctant

Adverb

勉強

  1. reluctantly; in a forced manner; grudgingly

Verb

勉強

  1. to force somebody to do something
  2. to make do; to do with difficulty

Japanese
Kanji in this term
勉 強
べん
Grade: 3		 きょう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

From Sinitic 勉強.

Pronunciation

Noun

勉強 (hiragana べんきょう, rōmaji benkyō, historical hiragana べんきやう)

  1. studying, studies, study
    成績 (せいせき)のためだけの勉 (べん)強 (きょう)
    seiseki no tame dake no benkyō
    studying for the sole purpose of getting good grades
    ここは部活 (ぶかつ)などよりも勉 (べん)強 (きょう)に熱 (ねっ)心 (しん)な学 (がっ)校 (こう)だ。
    Koko wa bukatsu nado yori mo benkyō ni nesshin na gakkō da.
    This high school is more serious about studies than clubs or sports.

Verb

勉強する (suru conjugation, hiragana べんきょうする, rōmaji benkyō suru, historical hiragana べんきやうする)

  1. to study
    英 (えい)語 (ご)を勉 (べん)強 (きょう)する
    eigo o benkyō suru
    to study English
  2. to discount, to reduce the price of something
    勉 (べん)強 (きょう)させてもらいます。
    Benkyō sasete moraimasu.
    Let me discount / I'll give you a discount.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "勉強する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 勉強し べんきょうし benkyō shi
Continuative (連用形) 勉強し べんきょうし benkyō shi
Terminal (終止形) 勉強する べんきょうする benkyō suru
Attributive (連体形) 勉強する べんきょうする benkyō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 勉強すれ べんきょうすれ benkyō sure
Imperative (命令形) 勉強せよ¹
勉強しろ²		 べんきょうせよ¹
べんきょうしろ²		 benkyō seyo¹
benkyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 勉強される べんきょうされる benkyō sareru
Causative 勉強させる
勉強さす		 べんきょうさせる
べんきょうさす		 benkyō saseru
benkyō sasu
Potential 勉強できる べんきょうできる benkyō dekiru
Volitional 勉強しよう べんきょうしよう benkyō shiyō
Negative 勉強しない べんきょうしない benkyō shinai
Negative continuative 勉強せず べんきょうせず benkyō sezu
Formal 勉強します べんきょうします benkyō shimasu
Perfective 勉強した べんきょうした benkyō shita
Conjunctive 勉強して べんきょうして benkyō shite
Hypothetical conditional 勉強すれば べんきょうすれば benkyō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Derived terms
  • 勉 (べん)強 (きょう)家 (か) (benkyōka): a studious person

See also

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this word
勉強

Adverb

勉強

  1. Hán tự form of miễn cưỡng (“reluctant”).
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