忽然

Chinese

		suddenly	so; thus; like this so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right
simp. and trad. (忽然)		忽	然

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hūrán

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄖㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fat¹ jin⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fut-yèn / fut-yàn
Min Nan (POJ): hut-liân / hut-jiân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hūrán
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄖㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huran
  - IPA ^(key): /xu⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fat¹ jin⁴
  - Yale: fāt yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fat⁷ jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fed¹ yin⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /fɐt̚⁵ jiːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fut-yèn
  - Hakka Romanization System: fud` ienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fud⁵ yan²
  - IPA: /fut̚² i̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fut-yàn
  - Hakka Romanization System: fud` (r)ianˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fud⁵ yan²
  - IPA: /fut̚² (j)i̯an¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hut-liân
  - Tâi-lô: hut-liân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hutlieen
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hut̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /hut̚³²⁻⁴ liɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hut-jiân
  - Tâi-lô: hut-jiân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hutjieen
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hut̚³²⁻⁴ ʑiɛn²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hut̚³²⁻⁵ d͡ʑiɛn¹³/

Adverb

忽然

suddenly

Synonyms

乍然 (zhàrán) (literary)
倏忽 (shūhū) (literary)
忽地 (hūdì)
猛然 (měngrán)
猝然 (cùrán)

突然 (tūrán)
突然間／突然间 (tūránjiān)
驀地／蓦地 (mòdì)
驀然／蓦然 (mòrán) (formal)
驟然／骤然 (zhòurán) (literary)

Dialectal synonyms of 突然 (“suddenly”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		突然, 忽然, 猛然, 驀地, 乍然, 倏忽, 驟然, 猝然, 突然間
Mandarin	Beijing	突然, 忽然
Mandarin	Taiwan	突然, 忽然
Cantonese	Guangzhou	突然間, 忽然間, 一下, 無啦啦
	Hong Kong	突然間, 忽然間, 一下, 無啦啦
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	忽然間
	Kuala Lumpur	突然
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	突然間, 忽然間, 好恬恬
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	突然間, 忽然間, 好恬恬仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	突然間, 忽然間, 好恬恬
	Dongshi (Dabu)	突然間, 忽然間, 好恬恬
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	突然間, 忽然間, 好恬恬
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	突然, 好定泥
	Hong Kong	陣時間
	Senai	陣間
Min Nan	Xiamen	突然, 忽然, 暴其然, 無張無持, 無張持
	Quanzhou	突然, 忽然, 無張無持, 無張持
	Zhangzhou	突然, 忽然, 暴其然, 無張無持, 無張持
	Taipei	突然, 忽然, 雄雄, 無張持
	Johor Bahru	突然
Wu	Wenzhou	單下

References

(Min Nan) “Entry #3935”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
忽	然
こつ Jinmeiyō	ぜん Grade: 4
on’yomi

Adjective

忽然 (-tari inflection, hiragana こつぜん, rōmaji kotsuzen)

sudden

Synonyms

忽焉 (こつえん) (kotsuen)

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