桔梗

Chinese

		tangerine; Platycodon grandiflorus	stem
simp. and trad. (桔梗)		桔	梗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiégěng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): git³ gang², gat¹ gang²
Min Nan (POJ): kiat-kēng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jiégěng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄥˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyegeeng
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiégěng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛ˧˥ kɤŋ˨˩˦꜕꜖⁽꜕꜖꜓⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: git³ gang², gat¹ gang²
  - Yale: git gáng, gāt gáng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: git⁸ gang², gat⁷ gang²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gid³ geng², ged¹ geng²
  - IPA ^(key): /kiːt˧ kɐŋ˧˥/, /kɐt˥ kɐŋ˧˥/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kēng
  - Tâi-lô: kiat-kīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt˧˨꜓ kiɪŋ˨˨/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt˥꜕꜓ kiɪŋ˦˩/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt˧˨꜒ kiɪŋ˨˨/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt˧˨꜓ kiɪŋ˧˧/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt˧˨꜓ kiɪŋ˧˧/

Middle Chinese: /ket̚ kˠæŋ^X/▼

Rime
Character	桔	梗
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	II
Fanqie	古屑切	古杏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ket̚/	/kˠæŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ket̚/	/kᵚaŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛt̚/	/kaŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛt̚/	/kaɨjŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ket̚/	/kɐŋ^X/
Wang Li	/kiet̚/	/kɐŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kiet̚/	/kɐŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jie	gěng

Noun

桔梗

(traditional Chinese medicine) root of the balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus)

Japanese

桔梗 (kikyō): the Chinese bellflower

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
桔	梗
き Jinmeiyō	きょう Grade: S
yutōyomi

/kikjau/ → /kikjɔː/ → /kikjoː/

From Middle Chinese 桔梗 (ket̚ kˠæŋ^X). Compare modern Cantonese reading git³ gang².

Pronunciation

Yutōyomi
- (Tokyo) ききょー [kìkyóó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- IPA^(key): [kʲi̥kʲo̞ː]

Noun

桔梗 (hiragana ききょう, katakana キキョウ, rōmaji kikyō, historical hiragana ききやう)

(botany) the platycodon or Chinese bellflower, Platycodon grandiflorus

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as キキョウ.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
桔	梗
きち Jinmeiyō	こう Grade: S
on’yomi

/kitikau/ → /kit͡ɕikɔː/ → /kit͡ɕikoː/

From Middle Chinese 桔梗 (ket̚ kˠæŋ^X), using alternate kanji readings.[1]

This reading is less common than kikyō above, and may be obsolete.

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- IPA^(key): [kʲit͡ɕiko̞ː]

Noun

桔梗 (hiragana きちこう, rōmaji kichikō)

(possibly obsolete) the platycodon or Chinese bellflower, Platycodon grandiflorus

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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