泳

泳	U+6CF3, 泳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CF3

← 泲
[U+6CF2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

泴 →
[U+6CF4]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

泳 (radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水戈弓水 (EINE), four-corner 3313₂, composition ⿰氵永)

References

KangXi: page 619, character 2

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17328

Dae Jaweon: page 1014, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1595, character 5

Unihan data for U+6CF3

Chinese

simp. and trad.		泳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泳
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (永) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
永	*ɢʷraŋʔ
栐	*ɢʷraŋʔ
泳	*ɢʷraŋs
詠	*ɢʷraŋs
咏	*ɢʷraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷraŋs) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 永 (OC *ɢʷraŋʔ).

Etymology

Possibly related to Thai ว่าย (wâai, “to swim”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yǒng (yong³)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ

(Chengdu, SP): yun⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): wing⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ven⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): yn⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yún

(Meixian, Guangdong): yun³
Jin (Wiktionary): yng²
Min Dong (BUC): êng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): éng

(Teochew, Peng'im): iong³
Wu (Wiktionary): ion (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): yn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ
  - Wade–Giles: yung³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeong
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yun⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
  - IPA ^(key): /yn²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wing⁶
  - Yale: wihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wing⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wing⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /wɪŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ven⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /ven³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: yn⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /yn¹¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yún
  - Hakka Romanization System: iun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun³
  - IPA: /i̯un³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yún
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun³
  - IPA: /(j)i̯un³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yun³
  - IPA: /iun³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: yng²
  - IPA (old-style): /ỹŋ⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: êng
  - IPA ^(key): /ɛiŋ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: éng
  - Tâi-lô: íng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iòng
  - IPA ^(key): /ioŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ion (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: yn⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /yn⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ɦˠwiæŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	泳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	庚 (112)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	爲命切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠwiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwiajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwɐŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yòng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷraŋ(ʔ)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泳
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒng
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷraŋ(ʔ)-s/
English	go in water, wade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泳
Reading #	1/1
No.	15425
Phonetic component	永
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詠
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷraŋs/

Definitions

泳

to swim
A surname.

Compounds

仰泳 (yǎngyǒng, “backstroke”)
側泳／侧泳
捷泳 (jiéyǒng)
泳氣鐘／泳气钟
泳池 (yǒngchí)
泳衣 (yǒngyī)
泳裝／泳装

海豚泳
涵泳
游泳 (yóuyǒng, “swim”)
游泳圈
游泳池 (yóuyǒngchí)
游泳衣 (yóuyǒngyī)
游泳褲／游泳裤 (yóuyǒngkù)

潛泳／潜泳 (qiányǒng)
爬泳 (páyǒng)
背泳 (bèiyǒng, “backstroke”)
自由泳 (zìyóuyǒng, “freestyle”)
蛙泳 (wāyǒng, “breaststroke”)
蝶泳 (diéyǒng, “butterfly stroke”)
電泳／电泳 (diànyǒng)

Japanese

Kanji

泳

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

to swim

Readings

Go-on: よう (yō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}^{←ゐやう (wyau, ancient)}
Kan-on: えい (ei, Jōyō)^{←ゑい (wei, historical)}
Kun: およぐ (oyogu, 泳ぐ, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
泳
えい Grade: 3
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 泳 (MC ɦˠwiæŋ^H).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- IPA^(key): [e̞ː]

Affix

泳 (hiragana えい, rōmaji ei, historical hiragana ゑい)

swim

Korean

Hanja

泳 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)

dive
swim

References

Naver Hanja Dictionary: 泳

Kunigami

Kanji

泳

Kun: ういじゅん (泳じゅん, uijun)

Okinawan

Kanji

泳

Kun: っゐーじゅん (泳じゅん, qwījun)

Vietnamese

Han character

泳 (vịnh, vạnh)

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Yonaguni

Kanji

泳

Kun: うく゚ん (泳く゚ん, ungun)

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