珍しい
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
---|
珍 |
めずら Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Etymology
From classical -na adjective 珍 (mezura) + adjectivizing suffix しい (shii).
Ultimately from Old Japanese verb 愛づ (medu, medzu), modern Japanese 愛でる (mederu, “to love; to admire, to appreciate”).[1][2]
The meaning originally referred to something that was admirable or favorable, something that had value, as an extension of the underlying verb. This meaning is used in the Man'yōshū, dating to the mid-700s. This further extended to indicate something that was rare or unusual in ways that one would find notable or attractive, and this meaning was also already used in the Man'yōshū. Over time, the admirable sense weakened, and the rare sense became dominant.
Adjective
珍しい (-i inflection, hiragana めずらしい, rōmaji mezurashii, historical hiragana めづらしい)
Inflection
Inflection of 珍しい
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 珍しかろ | めずらしかろ | mezurashikaro |
Continuative (連用形) | 珍しく | めずらしく | mezurashiku |
Terminal (終止形) | 珍しい | めずらしい | mezurashii |
Attributive (連体形) | 珍しい | めずらしい | mezurashii |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 珍しけれ | めずらしけれ | mezurashikere |
Imperative (命令形) | 珍しかれ | めずらしかれ | mezurashikare |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 珍しくない | めずらしくない | mezurashiku nai |
Informal past | 珍しかった | めずらしかった | mezurashikatta |
Informal negative past | 珍しくなかった | めずらしくなかった | mezurashiku nakatta |
Formal | 珍しいです | めずらしいです | mezurashii desu |
Formal negative | 珍しくないです | めずらしくないです | mezurashiku nai desu |
Formal past | 珍しかったです | めずらしかったです | mezurashikatta desu |
Formal negative past | 珍しくなかったです | めずらしくなかったです | mezurashiku nakatta desu |
Conjunctive | 珍しくて | めずらしくて | mezurashikute |
Conditional | 珍しければ | めずらしければ | mezurashikereba |
Provisional | 珍しかったら | めずらしかったら | mezurashikattara |
Volitional | 珍しかろう | めずらしかろう | mezurashikarō |
Adverbial | 珍しく | めずらしく | mezurashiku |
Degree | 珍しさ | めずらしさ | mezurashisa |
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.