神風
Chinese
God; unusual; mysterious; soul; spirit; divine essence; lively; spiritual being |
wind; news; style; custom; manner | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (神風) | 神 | 風 | |
simp. (神风) | 神 | 风 | |
anagram | 風神/风神 |
Pronunciation
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
神 | 風 |
かみ Grade: 3 |
かぜ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
/kamukaze/ → /kamikaze/
Shift from Old Japanese kamukaze (see below).
Noun
Usage notes
This kamikaze spelling is also the ultimate source of English kamikaze, but by a circuitous route. The characters appear in 神風特別攻撃隊 (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai, “shinpū special attack unit”), the name of airborne kamikaze units surely named after the typhoon but using the on'yomi or Sino-Japanese reading shinpū (see below). The kamikaze reading was used informally in the Japanese media at the time, and this made its way into English. For more, see
The Japanese term for referring to the WWII suicide pilots is the abbreviated form 特攻隊 (tokkōtai).
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
神 | 風 |
かむ Grade: 3 |
かぜ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]
Compound of 神 (kamu, “god, deity”, the ancient combining form of modern kami) + 風 (kaze, “wind”).[3][1][4]
Noun
神風 (hiragana かむかぜ, rōmaji kamukaze)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
神 | 風 |
かん Grade: 3 |
かぜ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
/kamukaze/ → /kankaze/
From Old Japanese. Shift from earlier kamukaze (see above).
Noun
神風 (hiragana かんかぜ, rōmaji kankaze)
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
神 | 風 |
しん Grade: 3 |
ふう > ぷう Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 神風 (MC ʑiɪn pɨuŋ).
Derived terms
- 神風連 (Shinpūren): the Shinpūren or “Divine Wind League”, an association of ex-samurai committed to the violent undoing of the Meiji Restoration: see
Shinpūren rebellion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - 神風特別攻撃隊 (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai): “Divine Wind” special attack unit (airborne kamikaze unit)
See also
- 特攻隊 (tokkōtai)
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 2, poem 162), text here
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN